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Cramer's Rule for Math Students

Cramer's rule is a method for solving systems of linear equations using determinants. It involves calculating the determinants of the coefficient matrix and matrices where one column is replaced by the constants on the right-hand side of the equations. The determinants are then used to calculate the variables. As an example, the document solves a system of 3 equations with 3 unknowns (x, y, z) using Cramer's rule by finding the relevant determinants and dividing them to obtain the values of x, y, and z.

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436 views13 pages

Cramer's Rule for Math Students

Cramer's rule is a method for solving systems of linear equations using determinants. It involves calculating the determinants of the coefficient matrix and matrices where one column is replaced by the constants on the right-hand side of the equations. The determinants are then used to calculate the variables. As an example, the document solves a system of 3 equations with 3 unknowns (x, y, z) using Cramer's rule by finding the relevant determinants and dividing them to obtain the values of x, y, and z.

Uploaded by

rozailimohdali
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4.

6 Cramers Rule
Using Determinants to solve systems
of equations
A system of equations can be
written as a matrix
3x + 5y
-2x + 7y becomes the matrix

x 6y + 3z
4y 8z
5x 3y becomes

I will call this type of matrix an operation matrix
(

7 2
5 3
(
(
(

0 3 5
8 4 0
3 6 1
Cramers Rule using the
determinants of two matrices
5x + 4y = 28 Find the determinant of the
3x 2y = 8 operation matrix


22 ) 12 ( ) 10 (
2 3
4 5
= =

Cramers Rule using the


determinants of two matrices
5x + 4y = 28 Find the determinant of the
3x 2y = 8 matrix where one of the
variables coefficient are replaced with the
answers. When solve for x use
Find it determinant


We will call this the new answer martix
(

2 8
4 28
88 ) 32 ( ) 56 (
2 8
4 28
= =

Cramers Rule using the


determinants of two matrices
Now to solve for x divide the new answer
matrix by the operation matrix





x is 4; y can be found the same way
88 ) 32 ( ) 56 (
2 8
4 28
= =

22 ) 12 ( ) 10 (
2 3
4 5
= =

4
22
88
=

Matrix for y
New answer matrix



Then divide by -22, for the operation matrix


44 ) 84 ( ) 40 (
8 3
28 5
= =
2
22
44
=

Lets solve this system equations by


Cramers rule
2x 3y + z = 5
x + 2y + z = -1
x 3y + 2z = 1
Need to find the determinants of
2 3 1
1 2 1
1 3 2

2 3 1
1 2 1
1 3 5


2 1 1
1 1 1
1 5 2

1 3 1
1 2 1
5 3 2

Find the determinant


We will use this for the denominators in the all the
fractions.

12 5 3 14 ) 5 ( ) 1 ( 3 ) 7 ( 2
) 2 3 ( ) 1 2 ( 3 )) 3 ( 4 ( 2
3 1
2 1
1
2 1
1 1
) 3 (
2 3
1 2
2
2 3 1
1 2 1
1 3 2
= + = + +
+ +

+ =

Solve for x
Replace the x column with the answers.






So
27 1 9 35 1 ) 3 ( 3 ) 7 ( 5
) 2 3 ( ) 1 2 ( 3 )) 3 ( 4 ( 5
3 1
2 1
1
2 1
1 1
) 3 (
2 3
1 2
5
2 3 1
1 2 1
1 3 5
= + = + +
+ +

+ =


4
9
12
27
= = x
Solve for y
Replace the y column with the answers.






So
9 2 5 6 2 ) 1 ( 5 ) 3 ( 2
)) 1 ( 1 ( ) 1 2 ( 5 ) 1 2 ( 2
1 1
1 1
1
2 1
1 1
5
2 1
1 1
2
2 1 1
1 1 1
1 5 2
= + = +
+

+ =
4
3
12
9
=

= y
Solve for z
Replace the z column with the answers.






So
21 25 6 2 ) 5 ( 5 ) 2 ( 3 ) 1 ( 2
) 2 3 ( 5 )) 1 ( 1 ( 3 ) 3 2 ( 2
3 1
2 1
5
1 1
1 1
) 3 (
1 3
1 2
2
1 3 1
1 2 1
5 3 2
= + = + +
+ +

4
7
12
21
=

= z
Homework
Page 192 193
# 13,15, 17, 21,
23, 27, 29, 31
Homework
Page 192 193
# 12, 14, 16, 20,
22, 26, 28, 30

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