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Teaching and Learning With Technology

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. The Design-Plan-Act! (D-P-A) three-step system addresses all needed planning steps.

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246 views

Teaching and Learning With Technology

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. The Design-Plan-Act! (D-P-A) three-step system addresses all needed planning steps.

Uploaded by

softpinky
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Teaching and Learning with Technology

Chapter 3

Designing and Planning TechnologyEnhanced Instruction


This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Instructional Planning
Teachers need to determine what needs to

occur in the classroom and during lessons Set of focused questions provides a framework and systematic process to create effective instruction Planning ensures best possible approach to learning

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Instructional Planning System


Effective instruction is planned by skillful and

creative educators Systems Approach - carefully planned, stepby-step process to design, create, evaluate, and revise The Design-Plan-Act! (D-P-A) three-step system addresses all needed planning steps

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

The D-P-A System

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Instructional Planning
The Design Phase
Teacher looks comprehensively and

strategically at the targeted curriculum An instructional design template helps ensure that no step is missed
The Dynamic Instructional Design (DID) model

assists you in creating your instructional design


Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Lesson Planning
The PLAN Phase
Essential components of the daily lesson plans: Ready the learners Target specific daily objectives Systematically prepare the lesson
Prepare the classroom Detail the steps of the pedagogical cycle Identify technologies and materials Check for success

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Action Planning
The ACT Phase
Review your lesson plan The Instructional Action Plan (IAP) is your

lesson plan to-do list Your IAP details everything to be done as a series of steps Then you are ready to implement
Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

The DID Model


Gagns DID, comprehensive model of instructional

design Focuses on dynamic design supporting continuous adjustment and change DID model built around continuous internal/external feedback loop Continuous improvement is core of high-quality instruction Formative feedback occurs during every step of the learning process Summative feedback is returned at end of the learning process

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

The DID Model

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Step 1 - Know the Learner
What are the learners:
Physical and cognitive developmental

stage(s)? Cultural and language differences? Incoming skills and current knowledge base? Individual characteristics (learning and cognitive styles, intelligences, etc.)? Group similarities and differences? How will the above affect the design?
Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Step 2 State Your Objectives
Use Performance Objectives State what the learner will do after the instructional event Focus objectives on skills and competencies of students Objectives should be clear, reasonable, and measurable

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Performance Objectives contain four components:
Stem Target performance

Assessment method
Criterion for success

Example:
The student will be able to identify the subject and verb in a

sentence written on the board with 95% accuracy.

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Consider Blooms taxonomy when articulating

objectives Blooms Levels of Cognition


Knowledge recall of facts Comprehension interpreting facts Application applying information to new situations Analysis recognizing components within data Synthesis creating new ideas for the data provided Evaluation making thoughtful value judgments

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Objective action verbs based on Blooms Taxonomy

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Step 3 - Establish the Learning Environment
Adjust the physical space to support

learners Provide a positive nurturing environment Keep learners active and engaged Prepare well-organized and articulated lesson plans
Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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What is the Learning Environment?


Includes all conditions affecting learners, physical and nonphysical Physical space Classroom climate Attitude of teacher Dunn and Dunns research Different aspects of physical space affect different learning styles Simple changes can often enhance the learning environment
Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Step 4 - Identify Teaching and Learning Strategies
Teaching strategies = methods you use to help

your students obtain objectives Learning strategies = techniques and activities you require for your students to master content Combined, they are referred to as pedagogy or the pedagogical cycle

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Utilize the steps of the pedagogical cycle to help determine your teaching strategies

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


The pedagogical cycle steps:
Provide preorganizers to focus attention Use motivators to help learners focus and engage Bridge to prior knowledge Share objectives and expectations Introduce new knowledge using selected methods and media Reinforce knowledge acquisition with demonstrations,

modeling, and feedback Provide practice experiences Include culminating verbal, visual, and auditory reviews

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Methods vs. Media


Methods = strategies you use to Media = all audio, visual, video,
achieve lesson objective and digital resources you use to present learning

Methods include:
Teacher-centered strategies Presentation, lecture, demonstration, and class discussion Student-centered strategies Research projects, oral reports, learning groups, simulations, role playing, and games

Media include:
Nonprojected visuals Projected visuals Audio Video Digital

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Step 5 - Identify and Select Support Technologies
Select tools to support teaching and learning

strategies Once strategies have been mapped out, tools to build experience should be evident Identify the technology tools you need Select from those available to you Be competent in their use
Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Available Support Technologies

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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The DID Model


Step 6 Summative Evaluation and Revision Plan
Formative feedback continues throughout all

steps of the DID model Summative feedback is evaluation at the end of the design Final evaluation and revision ensure continuous improvement of design
Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Lesson Planning
The PLAN Phase
The DID model provides the instructional big

picture and a blueprint for the teachinglearning process Once design is completed, you can PLAN your daily lessons Lesson plans provide day-to-day snapshots of what will happen
Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Action Planning
The ACT Phase
The Instructional Action Plan includes:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Identify learner preparation activities Ready the classroom List teaching and learning activities Create your personal prompts Identify support technologies List feedback tools Detail follow-up activities

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Planning for Technology in Teaching and Learning


Remember that technology
Is a tool that may support your design and

plans Enhanced teaching and learning must be well thought out Should help you do something new or do it better Has many options; choose wisely

Teaching and Learning with Technology, 4e 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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