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Hive Introduction

This document provides an overview of Hive, a data warehouse system for Hadoop. It describes what Hive is, its key components and features, data types and storage formats, and basic usage including DDL operations, loading and querying data. Hive allows users to interact with data in Hadoop using a SQL-like interface and provides functionality for data summarization, queries, and analysis of large datasets.

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Saeed Meethal
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
98 views

Hive Introduction

This document provides an overview of Hive, a data warehouse system for Hadoop. It describes what Hive is, its key components and features, data types and storage formats, and basic usage including DDL operations, loading and querying data. Hive allows users to interact with data in Hadoop using a SQL-like interface and provides functionality for data summarization, queries, and analysis of large datasets.

Uploaded by

Saeed Meethal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hive Overview

Feb 05, 2013

YAHOO! CONFIDENTIAL

What is Hive?
Hive is a data warehouse system for Hadoop that facilitates easy data summarization, ad-hoc queries, and the analysis of large datasets stored in Hadoop compatible file systems. Hive Provides:

Logical data partitioning

Metastore (command line and web interfaces)


Query Language (Hive QL) Libraries to handle different serialization formats (SerDes) http://sva.ti.com/assets/en/other/designcon2004_serdes.pdf JDBC interface Extensibility Types, Functions, Formats, Scripts
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Data Units
Databases.

Tables.
Partitions. Buckets (or Clusters).

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Data Types:
Primitive types Integers:TINYINT, SMALLINT, INT, BIGINT. 1. Actionable insights that Boolean: BOOLEAN. enable account managers to optimize campaign Floating point numbers: FLOAT, DOUBLE . performance ad yield. String: STRING. 2. Critical network-wide insights BINARY, TIMESTAMP, DECIMAL that enable our sales force to Complex types sell more consultatively. Structs: {a INT; b INT}. Maps: M['group']. 3. Ability to create valuable packages of inventory that Arrays: ['a', 'b', 'c'], A[1] returns 'b'.to buy from make it easier us. Union: UNIONTYPE[datatype, datatype]
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Physical Layout
Warehouse directory in HDFS e.g., /user/hive/warehouse

1. Actionable insights that enable account managers to campaign Tables stored in subdirectories optimize of warehouse performance ad yield.

Partitions, buckets form subdirectories of tables

2. Critical network-wide insights enable our sales force to Actual data stored in flat files that sell more consultatively.

Control char-delimited text, or SequenceFiles 3. Ability to create valuable With custom SerDe, can use arbitrary format

packages of inventory that make it easier to buy from us.

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Hive QL: DDL Operations


CREATE TABLE sample (foo INT, bar STRING) PARTITIONED BY (ds STRING); SHOW TABLES; DESCRIBE sample;

ALTER TABLE sample ADD COLUMNS (new_col INT);


DROP TABLE sample;

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Hive QL: DDL Operations cont.


hive> SHOW TABLES; hive> CREATE TABLE shakespeare (freq INT, word STRING) ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY \t STORED AS TEXTFILE;

hive> DESCRIBE shakespeare;

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Data Load Statement:


LOAD DATA [LOCAL] INPATH '/path/to/file' [OVERWRITE] INTO TABLE table_name 1. Actionable insights that account managers to [PARTITION (partition_col =enable partition_col_value, optimize campaign partition_col = partiton_col_value, ...)]ad yield. performance You can load data from the local filesystem or 2. Critical network-wide insights anywhere in HDFS (cf. CREATE TABLE that enable our sales force to sell more consultatively. EXTERNAL) If you dont specify OVERWRITE, be 3. Ability todata createwill valuable appended to existing table packages of inventory that
make it easier to buy from us.

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SELECTS and FILTERS:


SELECT foo FROM sample WHERE ds='201301-31'; 1. Actionable insights that INSERT OVERWRITE '/tmp/hdfs_out' SELECT * FROM sample WHERE 2. Critical network-wide insights ds='2013-01-31'; that enable our sales force to
sell more consultatively.
enable account managers to optimize campaign DIRECTORY performance ad yield.

INSERT OVERWRITE LOCAL DIRECTORY 3. Ability to create valuable packages of inventory that '/tmp/hive-sample-out' SELECT * FROM sample;
make it easier to buy from us.

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SELECTS and FILTERS cont.


hive> SELECT * FROM shakespeare LIMIT 10;
1. Actionable insights that enable account managers to hive> SELECT * FROM shakespeare WHERE freq optimize campaign > 100 SORT BY freq ASC LIMIT 10; performance ad yield.

hive> SELECT freq, COUNT(1) AS FROM thatf2 enable our sales force to sell more shakespeare GROUP BY freq SORT BY consultatively. f2 DESC LIMIT 10; 3. Ability to create valuable
packages of inventory that make it easier tof2 buy from hive> EXPLAIN SELECT freq, COUNT(1) AS FROM us.

2. Critical network-wide insights

shakespeare GROUP BY freq SORT BY f2 DESC LIMIT 10;


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Built-in Functions
Mathematical: round, floor, ceil, rand, exp... Collection: size, map_keys, 1. map_values, Actionable insights that enable account managers to array_contains. optimize campaign Type Conversion: cast. performance ad yield. Date: from_unixtime, to_date, year, datediff... 2. Critical network-wide insights Conditional: if, case, coalesce. that enable our sales force to sell more consultatively. String: length, reverse, upper, trim...
3. Ability to create valuable packages of inventory that make it easier to buy from us.

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Q&A

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UAD: Important Links


Main Hive Project Page - http://hive.apache.org/ Installation and Setups Docs: http://hortonworks.com/blog/set-upapache-hadoop-in-minutes-with-rpms/ http://www.michael-noll.com/tutorials/running-hadoop-on-ubuntu-linuxmulti-node-cluster/ http://hadoop.apache.org/common/docs/current/single_node_setup.html #Local Webcast: http://www.cloudera.com/content/cloudera/en/resources/library/traini ng/introduction-to-apache-hive.html Twiki: http://twiki.corp.yahoo.com/view/DBAOps/Hadoop_hive_testing

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