HERBAL MEDICINE & JAMU
IN INDONESIA
Dr liza
Health Department Cirebon Indonesia
DINAS KESEHATAN KABUPATEN CIREBON INDONESIA
2009
Indonesia is blessed with
the greatest and most
diverse biological
resources in the world, after
Brazil.
.
Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world,
located between two oceans, the Pacific and the
Indian, and bridging two continents, Asia and
Australia. It consists of more than 17,000 islands,
including five main islands - Java, Kalimantan
(Borneo), Irian Jaya (Papua), Sumatera and Sulawesi.
Scientists acknowledge Indonesia, which has a
population of around 220 million, as one of the
world's 'mega centers' of biodiversity for her wide
range of natural habitats, rich flora and fauna
species.
About 17 per cent of all species in the world can be
found in Indonesia, although it forms only 1.3 per
cent of the Earth's land surface. The country has
around 515 mammal species, 122 species of
butterflies, 600 species of reptiles, 1531 species of
birds, 270 species of amphibians, and 28,000
flowering plants.
About 6,000 species of plants are known to be
used directly or indirectly by the people. The
use of plants in the production of traditional
herbal medicine or "Jamu" is very common.
As the largest tropical forest in the world,
Indonesia has species-rich forests that harbor
the world's greatest diversity of palms; more
than 400 species or 70 per cent of the world's
dipterocarp species (the most valuable timer
species in Southeast Asia) including ebony,
teakwood, and sandalwood; and 122 species of
bamboo. The country also has over 350 species
of rattan and produces three-quarters of the
world's rattan cane.
Jamu is The unique herbal remedies from
Indonesia, which evidently potent to cure
many diseases for many centuries.
The study of jamu had been conducted by
Rumphius, a botanist as early as the year
1775 AD by publishing a book 'Herbaria
Amboinesis'. A scientific research for jamu
by the research center of herbal medicine in
Bogor Botanical Garden, resulting a
publication of a book 'Medical Book for
Children and Adults', composed by E. Van
Bent.
Jamu Gendong
The word gendong means to
'carry on the back'. Early
each morning well before
dawn the jamu gendong
prepares several litres of
three or four different of jamu
in her home, having
purchased the ingredients
from a local market. She
measures out the plant
materials, grinds them on a
stone mortar and pestle
mixes them with water, and
pours them into empty plastic
bottles, puts the bottles into a
large round bamboo basket,
hoists the basket on to her
back and sets off on her
regular jamu route.
JAMU GENDONG
She carries a plastic pail of
water to rinse out her glass
between customers as well
as a wad of change
wrapped up in the knot of
her shoulder cloth. Each
jamu gendong has a regular
route. She begins at dawn
visiting her steady
customers on foot although
she might have to take a
bus to get to her area.
JAMU GENDONG
Spices
Ginger (Zingiber Officinale)
Lempuyang (Zingiber Oronaticum)
Temu Lawak/ Wild Ginger (Curcuma
Cautkeridza)
Kunyit/ Tumeric (Curcuma
Domestica)
Kencur/ Greater Galingale (Kaemferi
Galanga)
Lengkuas/ Ginger Plant (Elpina
Galanga)
Bengle (Zingiber Bevifalium)
Brotowali (Tiospora Rumpii Boerl)
Adas (Foeniculum Vulgare Mill)
Fruits
Jeruk Nipis/ Calamondin (Citrae
Aurantifalia Sivingle)
Kayu Manis/ Cinamon (Gijeyzahyza
Glabra)
In Principle there are two types of
jamu;
Jamu to maintain physical fitness
and health,
The second is jamu to cure various kinds
of illness.
Galian Singset (to keep women body fit and
slim) and Sehat Lelaki (to keep men body
healthy).
Except the above, there are special jamu
created with the purpose to maintain a
loving family harmony. The popular
products among other are Sari Rapet,
which makes a women sexual organ in a
good condition, as for the man the
matched product is jamu Kuat Lekaki
(strong man).
The Javanese are also taking a great care to
pregnant women during pre and postnatal
period by producing the related jamu. There
are also jamu for the babies
The first seminar about jamu has
been held in Solo in 1940, followed
by a Formation of Indonesia's Jamu
Committee in 1944. In the 1966, a
seminar on jamu was held again. In
1981, a book by title of 'The use of
Medical Plants' was established to
support the jamu industry in the
country.
Javanese calls Jamu for
herbal remedies,
without chemist
material as additive.
Jamu has traditional
connotation, because
Jamu is ancient
tradition, before
modern pharmacology
comes in Indonesia.
Some formulas have a
hundred years old and
are used until now.
The origin of Jamu is obscure. No one really
knows its source. However, popular stories link
first Jamu to seventeenth century Mataram
Hindu Empire, where ladies of the palace who
rather preoccupied with keeping themselves
young and beautiful for their husband
undertook the preparation of Jamu and herbal
cosmetics. And Madhawapura's Inscription
from Majapahit Empire tells us about 'Jamu
maker ' that call as Acaraki.
This tradition was being
flourished in the palace of
Jogjakarta and Solo princes, those
become main reference for
manufacturers Jamu in Indonesia.
But until the early of 20th century,
this tradition is still exclusively,
only aristocrat communities doing
this.
The Difference between Jamu and
Modern Medicine
The most glaring differences
between Jamu and Modern
medicine is in material. Jamu uses
many kinds of nature herbs, even
modern medicines from synthetic
alchemy compound. So, Jamu has
relatively fewer side effects than
modern medicine. In other word
Jamu has no alcohols, and no
side effects
Nowadays, there are around
997 traditional medicine
manufacturers in Indonesia, and
98 of them are industries. A few
of the big jamu industries have
exported their products such as
cosmetics, oils and herbal
medicines for women and
babies to Malaysia, Singapore,
India, Pakistan, Europe, the
United States, and several
Middle Eastern countries.
The proceeds of the herbal medicine
sales domestically reached around 2
trillion Indonesian Rupiahs (Rp)
annually or about US$225 million, and
its export value was only US$5 million,
according to data from the Indonesian
Food and Medicine Supervisory Body
(POM) in 2002. The figure was very
small compared with China’s domestic
sale value at US$5 billion and its
export at US$1 billion. The demand for
herbal diet supplements alone is
estimated to be worth US$43 billion
annually in the global market.
Indonesian herbal medicine, jamu, and quality
standards.
As the 5th national congress of the Jamu and Traditional
Medicine Producers’ Association got under way in Jakarta
on 12th April delegates were reminded about the need to be
competitive with other Asian producers of traditional
medicines and cures.
President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono opened the meeting
and asked that the Indonesian version of the F.D.A, the
Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (POM), keep a closer
watch on traditional medicine in the country to ensure that
unregistered and unsafe medicines were not available. If
not the whole industry would suffer, he said, especially
given the fact that the year 2020 was nearing, when laws
and standards for products such as jamu would be
standardised throughout the ASEAN region.
In a seminar entitled “ASEAN
Harmonization in Traditional
Medicines and Health Supplements”
Husniah Rubiana Thamrin of the POM
urged jamu producers to become
more competitive and creative in
anticipation of increased competition
from India and China, countries
whose economies were developing
fast. The ASEAN harmonization
program would help in this respect, he
said, but Indonesian traditional
medicines had to be of a higher
quality.
CINNAMON (Kayu Manis)
TYPICAL INDONESIAN DOSE 3-9 grams (1/10 - 1/3
ounce)
MERIDIANS
Heart, lung, urinary bladder
:: ACTIONS
Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, analgesic, relieves
flatulence and indigestion, improves heart function,
stimulates urine flow.
:: TRADITIONAL INDONESIAN USES
- to warm the channels and collaterals
- to disperse cold
- to improve circulation of excess vital energy
- to strengthen heart excess yang
RECOMMENDED JAMU
Jamu Sakit Pinggang (Kidney complaints and back pains)
FENNEL Adas
MERIDIANS
Heart, lung, spleen, stomach
ACTIONS
Anti-inflammatory, relieves flatulence and indigestion,
circulatory stimulant, stimulates the flow of milk,
stimulates urine flow, mild expectorant.
TRADITIONAL INDONESIAN USES
to regulate energy and alleviate pain
to warm the stomach and middle
'triple burner' area
TYPICAL INDONESIAN DOSE
3-9 grams (1/10 - 1/3 ounce)
MERIDIANS GINGER ( Jahe )
Heart, lung, spleen, stomach
:: ACTIONS
Combats nausea and vomiting, antispasmodic,
antiseptic, relieves flatulence and indigestion,
circulatory stimulant, induces sweating, expectorant,
relaxes blood vessels, topically: increases blood flow
to the skin causing reddening.
:: TRADITIONAL INDONESIAN USES
+ Fresh Ginger
- releases the exterior,
strengthens defensive energy,
- and disperses cold
- warms the middle 'triple burner' part of the body.
- reduces toxicity of other herbs
+ Dried Ginger
- restores yang
- warms spleen, stomach and the lung, and resolves
phlegm
NUTMEG - Pala (Myristica
fragans)
MERIDIANS
Spleen, stomach, large intestine
ACTIONS
Antispasmodic, combats nausea and vomiting,
appetite stimulant, anti-inflammatory, relieves
flatulence and indigestion, digestive stimulant.
TRADITIONAL INDONESIAN USES
- to restrain leakage from the intestines and stop
diarrhoea
- to warm the spleen stomach and middle 'triple
burner' area and regulate energy flow
TYPICAL INDONESIAN DOSE
1 - 6 grams (1/100 - 1/4 ounce)
ROSE - Mawar
Rosa laevigata
MERIDIANS
Kidney, urinary bladder, large intestine
ACTIONS
Astringent, antibacterial, antiviral, reduces cholesterol levels,
tonifies uterus.
TRADITIONAL INDONESIAN USES
- to consolidate vital energy and "essence" of kidney
- to restrain leakage from the intestines
TYPICAL INDONESIAN DOSE
3 - 9 grams ( 1/10 - 1/3 ounce )
RECOMMENDED JAMU
Bedak Sariawan (Softens the skin, dries up excessive oils)
Bedak Jerawat Neera (Prevent, reduces blemishes)
FALSE DAISY Urang-Aring Eclipta
prostata.
MERIDIANS
Liver, kidney
ACTIONS
Antibacterial, stops or reduces bleeding .
TRADITIONAL INDONESIAN USES
- to nourish liver and kidney yin
- to clear heat from the blood and stop bleeding
TYPICAL INDONESIAN DOSE
15 - 30 grams (1/2 - 1 ounce)
RECOMMENDED JAMU
Minyak Cacap Rambut (Traditional Hair Growth Tonic)
Cancer can be cure with
operation , chemotherapy and
herbal
For cancer we can use keladi tikus (rodent tuber),
curcuma alba , hedyotis corimbosa.
This rodent tuber can be use after chemotherapy
so the patients can add their eat passion, and
reduce the effect of chemotherapy
Especialy for cancer in uterus, we add with
curcuma zedoaria (berg)roscoe
The importand things, drink juice fruit everyday,
and always positive thingking.
Rumput mutiara (hedyotis
corymbosa)
Cancer ( 30 – 60 gr
braised)
Tonsillitis,
pharyngitisgitis,
bronchitis, pneumonia
(braise 15 – 60 gr)
Hepatitis( braise 15 – 60
gr)
Chafed ( braise out of 4
glass
become 2 glass of 15 –
Benefit:
PEGAGAN
ureter stone infection/ Turbid urine
Centella
asiatica
Hard of urine, ulcerated, hot, catalepsy,
edema, haemodialysis
Edema of liver
Thrown, high blood, pile, typhus,
leprous
Bleeding cough, vomit blood, nosebleed
Cough asthma, tuberculosis
Fever, chafe tonsil, ill of gullet,
bronchitis
Headache, poisoned of jengkol
stomachache, Wormy, add passion eat
Red-eyed, bloated
cell Revitalisation ( hurt, singe, husk
ulcer, preventive of keloid, ex- hurt
hipertropi)
Centela asiatica
conteint : potassium, sodium, magnesium,
Calcium, fe, asiaticoside, thankuniside, carotenoid
Ureter infection , braise 30 gr plaint
Venous revitalisation
good to liking nosebleed
Epilepsi
hemoroid boill 4-5 sheet of the leaf and boil, drink
after cold
KUNIR PUTIH
Curcuma alba L
Menyembuhkan
Add passion eat
reduce growth of
cancer cell
heal gastric pain in
stomach
Cancer
By dr liza
KELADI TIKUS
Typhonium flagelliforme
(Lodd) BL
Benefit
cancer of the breast,
lung, large intestine,
rectum, liver, prostate,
kidney, cervix uteri, red
lane, brain case, spleen,
leukemia, pancreas and
bile
Netralize poison of drug
Reduce the effect of
chemotherapy
By: dr liza
benefit DAUN DEWA
Anti coagulant, contain saponin,
flavonoid , volatile oil
Gynura segetum
(Lour) Merr
Tumor
Hurt beaten, catch a cold
amerrohoe
Hemorrhage of woman , breast
edema, coughed, vomit blood
Nipped by snake ( other animal)
Eliminate blood clot in vein to
prevent and cure stroke and heart
attack
Urinary bladder stone
Gynura segetum
if the menstrual haven't come yet, hurt beaten.
Crop the leaf and boxed, drink decoction and patch
in contusion
edema of the breast , coughed, vomit blood,
complete plant 1 bar boil and drinking after cold
Tumor, eat fresh leaf 4 sheet everyday
Prevent stroke and coroner heart ( 5 fresh
vegetable sheet)
Eliminate blood clot in vein ( 3 X 4 fresh vegetable
leaf sheet)
Sambung nyawa (gynura
procumbens)
High blood pressure : 5 fresh LEAVES /
juice/ steam
Tumor, raw 3 fresh leaf burnt every day
( see fomentation and abstention)
Diabetes mellitus in fRESH
pile, Cholesterolemia, gastritis
Cancer ( 30 – 60 gr braised)
Tonsillitis, pharyngitisgitis, bronchitis,
pneumonia( braise 15 – 60 gr)
Hepatitis braise 15 – 60 gr
Chafed ( braise out of 4 glass become 2
glass of 15 – 60 gr)
Temu putih /curcuma zedoaria
(berg.) Roscoe
This contain cineole, camphene,
zingiberene, borneol, camphor, cur
cumin, resin, curcumol , curdione
Pharmacology , antiinflamation,
homeostatic, fibrynolitic, anti neoplastic
Especially for cancer cervix, cyst
ovarian,
pain when menstruation
SAMBILOTO
Containt: antivirus, anti
biotic, anti cancer, Andrographis
laktone, deoxy
andrograholide,
paniculata
andrograholide, (Burm. f.)
neoandrographolide, 14
deoxy 11,12
Nees
didehydroandrographolide ,
flavonoid,
polyemethosyflavone,
andrographin, panicolin,
mono o methylwithin,
apigenin , demethyl ether,
alkane,ketone
Benefit:
cancer
Hypertension
Typhus abdominals ( 10-15 )
Dysentery basilar / diarrhea
Flu, headache, fever
Pharyngitisgitis
diabetes sambiloto
Scabies
dysentery
Snake bite
gonorrhea
fever
cancer
trophoblastic diseases
mesotic infection
awaken passion eat
Trophoblastic disease
DAUN UNGU
Graptophyllum pictum (L.)
Griff.
Hemorrhoid
SKIN PROBLEM
- Cashew Leaves20%(Anacardi
Folium 20%) -- Turmeric 20%
(Curcumae Rhizoma 20%) --
Curcuma aeruginosa Root 20%
(Curcumae aeruginosae Rhizoma E)
-- Papaya leaves 20%(Caricae Folium
20%) -- Languatis Root 20%
(Languatis Rhizoma 20%) -
QUESTIONS 1. Can it be taken by
teenagers/youths or unmarried ladies? Will
there be side effects?
Highly recommended because according to
WOMAN , her mother insisted on her taking this
jamu as soon as she got her menses. No side
effects. (and will reduce the smell of menses)
2.Can a woman having her periods consume the
jamu?
- Most encouraged since the jamu will clear out
all the blood clots. That is why women who are
in their post-natal period must drink the jamu
to rid off all the remaining blood in the womb.
3. Is it recommendable for those who
have rheumatism to take the jamu? -
Usually for those who strained due to
hard work would feel pain at the joints.
The jamu would actually enhance blood
circulation and improve the general
condition of our body. Thus, this would
give a sense of lightness to the body.
4. Is there any side effects from consuming
this jamu?
- ME and OTHER WOMAN have been taking it
for quiet a number of years. I’ve never had any
negative side effects. We consume it once
after every two or three months (for a week).
5. Jamu is actually healty, is it recommended
for those who are having hypertension/high
blood as well?
- yes there are medicine plants for
hypertension such as sambiloto
6. Is it recommended for pregnant ladies to
take jamu? Will it effect the foetus?
- Not recommended.
Reduce & prevent the acne.
- Turmeric 20%(Curcumae Rhizoma
Extract 20%) -- Papaya leave 20%
(Caricae Folium Extract 20%) -- Bitter
Mellon 25%(Momordicae Folium
Extract 25%) -- Andrographidis herb
15%(Andrographidis Herba Extract 1)
-- Gotu Kola 20%(Centellae Herba
20%) -
Smoothen lactation
( Lactagogum)
-Coriander 10%(Coriandri Fructus
10%) -- Beard Moss 10%(Usneae
Thallus 10%) -- Fennel Seed 10%
(Foeniculi Fructus 10%) -- Alyxiae
Bark 10%(Alyxiae Cortex 10%) --
Elephantopus Leaves 20%
(Erythrinae Folium 20%) -
Anti Anxiety (To ease sleeping
problems.)
-Valerian 50%(Valerian Radix
50%) -- Bearing Spurge 15%
(Hirtae Herba 15%) -- Marsh
Fleabane leaves 15%
(Plucheae Folium 15%) --
Cinnamomum Bark 20%
(Burmani Cortex 20%) -
Tighten and strengthen uterus.
Women's Health
Aphrodisiac ( Women )
-Parameriae Bark20%(Parameriae
Cortex 20%) -- Beard Moss 20%
(Usneae Thallus 20%) -- Gallae 15%
(Gallae 15%) -- Gambir 5%(Gambir
5%) -- Coriander 15%(Coriandri
Fructus 15%) -
TOLAK ANGIN
It consists of ingredients, which:
- Decrease fever (ules, clove leaves,
peppermint leaves)
- Prevent headache and nausea
(ginger, peppermint leaves)
- Prevent sore throat (adas, clove
leaves and peppermint leaves)
- Raise body resistance (ginseng)
THANK YOU
LOVE FROM
INDONESIA
