Canada
The first Europeans to reach Canada were descendants of Norse seafarers who had settled in Iceland and in Greenland during the ninth and 10th centuries. In the mid-19th century, Canada was granted the status of a Dominion of the British Empire, with an autonomous government but with the British monarch as head of state. From 1968 to 1984
Language
Canada is officially bilingual (English and French). The use of the two languages reflects. However, while the federal government must operate in both languages as much as is practical, use of each language outside government varies widely across the country.
accent
Canada have many different English accent, according to the countries, or the part of the place, for example the south, the north or middle center of each country. It depend of the intonation we do in some of this place.
In Canadian is a mix of French and English language are the mother language, but English is the most important language in Canadian and the second language is French for the country.
Phonological Markers
Phonological markers are generally found in spoken registers. whether they perceive the situation to be rather formal or informal. That is, we can expect phonological variation in different speech situations. In three experiments using artificial languages, we manipulated properties of phonological markers and examined what conditions most easily allow adults to generalize subclass knowledge.
Influence of Irish Phonology
Intonation, lilt of older Irish speakers Archaic vowel pronunciations
/ow/ pronounced higher and further back, and is devoid of any up glide (the w) and sounds like /u/ [o>] strongly fronted /a/ before /r/ at the end of a word or followed by another consonant - [a<]
Kerp (or Cairp) for Carp
short u - []
onpolite for unpolite
Irish Consonants in OV Speech
Palatalization /r/ is high and front, making it like [i] /l/ after vowels and in final position are absent /k/ and /g/, esp. before low front vowel [] cart > kyart; guard > gyard Lenition slow release of final voiceless stops like /t/ hat sounds like hats /t/ and /d/ before /r/ become interdental affricates dry > dhry
Irish Syntax and Morphology
the Ottawa, the Satan, the Scotch Corners, the Boyd Settlement, the Prior conjoined gerundial construction used as time adverbial The wasp would come down and sting us there where we were working...and us not touching him (when we werent even touching him) prepositions anunder, withouten, again, at, for, on for to we just seeded the oats there for to cover the alfalfa deletion of subject relative pronouns it was generally the younger kids carried the rake
examples
1.-If the preceding sound is a sibilant consonant (one of /s/, /z/, //, //, /t/, or /d/), the plural marker takes the form /z/. Examples: mass /ms/, plural masses /msz/ fez /fz/, plural fezzes /fzz/ mesh /m/, plural meshes /mz/ mirage /mr/, plural mirages /mrz/ church /trt/, plural churches /trtz/ bridge /brd/, plural bridges /brdz/
The differences between Canadian accents-- from Halifax, Nova Scotia, to Vancouver, British Columbia -- are nowhere near as great as the regional accents that one hears in Great Britain. But speaking exclusively of Canada, there are -- funny little things come out. For example, in Nova Scotia: a true Nova Scotian, in saying the word A-F-T-E-R, will always insert an R. It will always come out /a:rftr/. Um ... and you can always spot a true Nova Scotian, because he drops that extra R in. There's one point I should make, and ... er ... er ... and it's an obvious one, I suppose, and that is: when you get into French Canada, when you get the French Canadians speaking English, naturally ... er ... a great many of them have a pronounced French accent.
