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Understanding GSM Physical and Logical Channels

The document summarizes the logical channels used in GSM networks. It discusses the different types of logical channels including traffic channels, control/signaling channels, and broadcast channels. It then provides details on some of the specific logical channels such as the frequency correction channel, synchronization channel, broadcast control channel, paging channel, random access channel, and dedicated control channels used for call setup and SMS. It also describes the associated control channels used for measurements, timing advance, and handovers between cells.

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Deepan Bhattacharyya
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406 views11 pages

Understanding GSM Physical and Logical Channels

The document summarizes the logical channels used in GSM networks. It discusses the different types of logical channels including traffic channels, control/signaling channels, and broadcast channels. It then provides details on some of the specific logical channels such as the frequency correction channel, synchronization channel, broadcast control channel, paging channel, random access channel, and dedicated control channels used for call setup and SMS. It also describes the associated control channels used for measurements, timing advance, and handovers between cells.

Uploaded by

Deepan Bhattacharyya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Medium

Flow of Information's

Physical channel

Physical Channel in GSM :


One Time Slot on a TDMA frame is called a Physical Channel.

Logical ?
logistics Sequirity

Marketing

Logical Channel:
Lot of information is exchanged between mobile & the network on physical channel, we use logical channels to differentiate these different types of information.

GSM Logical Channels


Traffic Channels
Rate : 22.8 kbps.

Control Channels/ Signaling Channels

Rate : 11.4 kbps.

Broadcast CHannels

Common Control CHannels

Dedicated Control CHannels

Control Channels/ Signaling Channels

Broadcast CHannels

Common Control CHannels

Dedicated Control CHannels

1.Frequency Correction CHannel (FCCH) [Downlink Only]


On FCCH, Frequency correction bursts containing 142 zeroes are transmitted.
This serves two purposes. First to make sure that this is the BCCH carrier, and second to allow the MS to synchronize to the frequency. 2. Synchronization CHannel (SCH) [Downlink Only] In this channel MS receives information about the - 1. TDMA frame number 2. BSIC of the chosen BTS.

BSIC = NCC + BCC BSIC = Base Station Identity Code. NCC = Network Colour Code. BCC = Base Station Colour Code.

3.Broadcast Control CHannel (BCCH) [Downlink Only]


Information on the Broadcast Control CHannel (BCCH) includes the 1. Location Area Identity (LAI), 2. Maximum output power allowed in the cell 3. BCCH carriers for the neighboring cells on which the MS performs measurements.

Using Broadcast Control Channels (FCCH, SCH, and BCCH) the MS tunes to a BTS and synchronized with the frame structure in that cell.
The BTSs are not synchronized to each other. Therefore, every time the MS camps on another cell, it must listen to FCCH, SCH and BCCH in the new cell.

1.Paging CHannel (PCH) [Downlink only]


At certain time intervals, in idle mode, the MS listens to the PCH to check if the network wants to make contact with the MS. The information on PCH is a paging message, including the MSs identity number (IMSI) or a temporary number (TMSI).

2.Random Access CHannel (RACH) [Uplink Only]


When the MS is paged, it replies on the RACH requesting a signaling channel. RACH can also be used if the MS wants to contact the network. e. g. for MO call.

3.Access Grant CHannel (AGCH) [Downlink Only]


The networks assigns a signaling channel (Stand-alone Dedicated Control CHannel (SDCCH)) to the MS. This assignment is performed on the AGCH.

1.Stand alone Dedicated Control CHannel (SDCCH) [Both Uplink & Downlink]
The call set-up procedure is performed on the SDCCH. After call setup the MS is told to switch to a TCH.
SMS in idle mode is also done using SDCCH.

2.Slow Associated Control CHannel (SACCH) [Both Uplink & Downlink]


The SACCH is associated with SDCCH or TCH (i.e. sent on the same physical channel). On the uplink, the MS sends averaged measurements on its own BTS (signal strength and quality) and neighboring BTSs (signal strength). On the downlink, the MS receives information concerning the transmitting power to use and instructions on the timing advance.

3.Fast Associated Control CHannel (FACCH) [Both Uplink & Downlink]


If a handover is required the FACCH is used.

FACCH works in stealing mode meaning that one 20 ms segment of speech is exchanged for signaling information necessary for the handover.
Under normal conditions the subscriber does not notice the speech interruption because the speech coder repeats the previous speech block. 4.Cell Broadcast CHannel (CBCH) [Downlink Only] Only used to carry Short Message Service Cell Broadcast (SMSCB) and uses the same physical channel as the SDCCH.

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