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A Presentation On Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) : Presented By: Ajay Kumar Sah 069/MSI/602

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a high resolution geophysical technique that uses pulsed electromagnetic waves to image the subsurface. It works by transmitting pulses into the ground and measuring the reflected power, which provides information about subsurface features. GPR can detect objects such as buried utilities, foundations, and archaeological artifacts. It has advantages of rapid data collection and high resolution imaging of shallow subsurface structures and features. However, its depth of penetration is limited by conductive materials like clay and its signals can be scattered by near-surface objects.

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susasuresh
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106 views16 pages

A Presentation On Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) : Presented By: Ajay Kumar Sah 069/MSI/602

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is a high resolution geophysical technique that uses pulsed electromagnetic waves to image the subsurface. It works by transmitting pulses into the ground and measuring the reflected power, which provides information about subsurface features. GPR can detect objects such as buried utilities, foundations, and archaeological artifacts. It has advantages of rapid data collection and high resolution imaging of shallow subsurface structures and features. However, its depth of penetration is limited by conductive materials like clay and its signals can be scattered by near-surface objects.

Uploaded by

susasuresh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A Presentation

on
Ground Penetrating
Radar
(GPR)
Presented By:
Ajay Kumar Sah
069/MSI/602
2/16/2014 1
What is RADAR?
RAdio Detetion And Ran!in!

"ri!ina##y a##ed $adio %iretion &indin!


'$(%(&() in *n!#and(

*#etroni e+ui,ment that detets the


,resene o- o.jets .y usin! re-#eted
e#etroma!neti ener!y

/ransmits a 0a1e into atmos,here and


measures the return ,o0er
2/16/2014 2
How does RADAR work?
",eratin! Prini,#e o- $A%A$ 2 Bats use to
-ind their ,ath durin! their -#i!ht(

*mits u#trasoni sounds in a ertain


-re+ueny '120K34) and hear the ehoes o-
these sounds(

*hoes ma5e them ena.#e to #oate and


a1oid the o.jet in their ,ath
2/16/2014 6
How does RADAR work?

Pu#se o- miro0a1e ener!y is sent out 7 dish -ouses ener!y into


.eam

Beam tra1e#s throu!h atmos,here

I- the .eam hits an o.jet7 them some o- the ener!y is re-#eted .a5
to $A%A$

$eturn ,o0er is measured

%ata ,roessed to a 1isua# dis,#ay


2/16/2014 4
Ground Penetrating RADAR (GPR)

3i!h reso#ution e#etroma!neti tehni+ue that is


desi!ned ,rimari#y to in1esti!ate the sha##o0 su.sur-ae
o- the earth7 .ui#din! materia#s7 and roads and .rid!es(

8P$ is a time2de,endent !eo,hysia# tehni+ue that


an ,ro1ide a 62% ,seudo ima!e o- the su.sur-ae7
in#udin! the -ourth dimension o- o#or

9an a#so ,ro1ide aurate de,th estimates -or many


ommon su.sur-ae o.jets(
2/16/2014 :
GPR Principle

An *M ,u#se is sent
throu!h an antenna7
,enetratin! into the
sur1eyed materia#

A ,ortion o- the ener!y is


re-#eted .a5 to the
antenna 0hen an
inter-ae .et0een
materia#s o- dissimi#ar
die#etri onstants is
enountered
2/16/2014 6
GPR Principle

/he re-#eted si!na# has


in-ormation on:

ho0 +ui5#y the si!na#


tra1e#ed

ho0 muh 0as


attenuated

/hese +uantities de,end


on s,atia# on-i!uration
and materia#s

/he thi5ness o- a #ayer


is !i1en .y:
0here di is the
thi5ness o- #ayer i7 ti the
tota# tra1e# time throu!h
that #ayer7 9 is the s,eed
o- #i!ht and r,i the
die#etri onstant o- the
#ayer
i r
i
i
Ct
d
,
2
=
2/16/2014 ;
GPR Principle

/he amount o-
re-#eted ener!y at an
inter-ae is !o1erned
.y:
0here 1,2 is the
re-#etion oe--iient
and r1 and r2 are
the die#etri
onstants
/y,ia# %ie#etri 9onstants
Material Dielectric
Constant
Air 1
Water 81
Concrete 6-12
HMA 4-7
Ice 1.5
Metals
2 1
2 1
2 , 1
r r
r r

=
2/16/2014 <
Instrumentation

/he ty,ia# instrumentation -or 8P$


in#udes the -o##o0in!:

Antenna

9ontro# =nit

%is,#ay de1ie

Stora!e de1ie
2/16/2014 9
Applications

8eo#o!ia# and hydro2!eo#o!ia# in1esti!ations


in#udin! ma,,in! o- .edro5 to,o!ra,hy7 0ater
#e1e#s7 so#ution -eatures7 !#aia# strutures7 soi#s
and a!!re!ates(

*n!ineerin! in1esti!ations to e1a#uate dams7 sea


0a##s7 tunne#s7 ,a1ements7 road.eds7 rai#0ay
em.an5ments7 ,i#es7 .rid!e de5s7 ri1er sour7
.ui#din!s and monuments(
2/16/2014 10
Applications

>oation and e1a#uation o- .uried strutures in#udin!


uti#ities7 -oundations7 rein-orin! .ars7 a1ities7 tom.s7
arhaeo#o!ia# arti-ats7 and anima# .urro0s(

Site in1esti!ations: #oation o- .uried en!ineerin!


strutures and under!round stora!e tan5s(

Su.sur-ae ma,,in! -or a.#es7 ,i,es and other .uried


strutures ,rior to trenh2#ess o,erations(
2/16/2014 11
Applications
2/16/2014 12
Advantages

$a,id !round o1era!e2 Antenna to0ed


either .y hand or -rom a 1ehi#e(

3i!h2reso#ution o1era!e o- the sur1ey area7


detetin! e1en sma## o.jets(

"n2site inter,retation ,ossi.#e due to instant


!ra,hi dis,#ay(
2/16/2014 16
Limitations

%ata a+uisition may .e s#o0 o1er di--iu#t terrain(

%e,th o- ,enetration is #imited in materia#s 0ith hi!h


e#etria# onduti1ities7 #ays(

*ner!y may .e re-#eted and reorded -rom


a.o1e!round -eatures7 0a##s7 ano,ies7 un#ess antennae
are 0e## shie#ded(

Arti-ats in the near sur-ae may satter the transmitted


ener!y and om,#iate the reei1ed si!na# and/or redue
de,th o- ,enetration(
2/16/2014 14
References

%( ?( %anie#s7 8round Penetratin! $adar7 2nd *d(


I** $adar Sonar @a1i!ation and A1ionis Series7
>ondon: I** Boo5s7 ?u#y 2004(

9ardimona7 S(7 We..7 ?(7 >i,,inot /(7 20007


8round Penetratin! $adar7 8eo,hysis 20007 %e
112 1:th7 St >ouis7 Missouri(

Introdution to radar systems7 Merri## >( S5o#ni57


/hird *dition(
2/16/2014 1:
/han5 Aou B
2/16/2014 16

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