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Combinational logic circuits
Dr. C. Saritha
Lecturer in Electronics
SSBN Degree and PG College
Anantapur
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overview
What is combinational logic circuit ?
Examples of combinational logic
circuits
Binary-adder
Binary-subtractor
Binary-multiplier
Decoders
Multiplexers
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Combinational logic circuit
Combinational circuits consists of
logic gates whose outputs depends on
the present inputs .They have no
memory element .
It consists of input variables , logic
gates & output variables .
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Binary-Adder
Half-Adder :
A combinational circuit that performs
the addition of two bits at a time is called
Full-Adder .
The input variables designate the
augend and addend bits ; the output
variables produce the sum & carry .
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Circuit & truthtable of Half-Adder
Circuit diagram Truthtable
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Full-Adder :
A combinational circuit that performs the
addition of three bits at a time is called
Full-Adder
Block diagram & the truth table of Full-
Adder .
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Circuit diagrams of full-adder
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Binary-Adder
A Binary-Adder is a digital circuit that
produces the arthimatic sum of two
binary numbers at a time .
It can also construct by cascading no
of full-adders we get a N-bit binary-
adder circuit .
An N-bit adder requires n full-adders
with each output carry connected to the
input carry to the next full-adder .
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For adding 4-bit binary numbers we
need four full-adders as shown below :
consider two binary numbers
A=1011 & B =0011
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Binary-subtractor
Half-subtractor :
A combinational circuit which performs
the subtraction of two bits at a time is
called Half-subtractor .
It has two inputs & two outputs . The two
inputs x & y form the minuend &
subtrahend & D is the difference output &
B is the borrow output .
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Circuit & truthtable of half-
subtractor
circuit diagram Truthtable
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Full subtractor
A combinational circuit which
performs the subtraction of three bits
at a time is called Full subtractor .
A full subtractor has three inputs x y
Bin & two outputs D & Bout .
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Circuit & truthtable of full subtractor
circuit diagram Truthtable
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Binary-subtractor
The subtraction can be done by taking
the 2s compliment of B and adding it
to A .
2s compliment can be obtained by
taking the 1s compliment and adding 1
to least significant bit .
1s compliment can be obtained by
changing 1s into 0s & 0s into 1s .
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Four-bit adder-subtractor
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Continues..
In this circuit the mode input m
controls the operation . When m=0 , the
circuit is an adder circuit . When m=1,
the circuit becomes a subtractor .
The c & v are two outputs . C is for
carry & v is for overflow . If v=0 after an
addition or subtraction ,then no
overflow occurred and the n-bit result
is correct . If v=1 , then the result of the
operation contains n+1 bits .
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Binary-multiplier
The multiplication of binary numbers
is performed in the same way as
multiplication of decimal numbers .
If we take the multiplication of 2-bit
numbers . The multiplicand bits are
B1 & B0 , the multiplier bits are A1 &
A0 and the product is C3,C2,C1,C0 .
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2-bit by 2-bit multiplier circuit
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Decoders
A decoder is a combinational circuit
that converts binary information from n
input lines to a maximum of 2n unique
output lines .
Generally a decoder is called as n to m
line decoder .
A decoder is used to convert binary
form to any other desired form .
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Three - to - eight line decoder
This three - to - eight line decoder is
used to binary to octal conversions .
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Multiplexer
multiplexer is a combinational circuit
that selects binary information from
one of many input lines and directs it to
a single output line .
Normally there are 2n input lines and n
selection lines whose bit combinations
determines which input is selected .
A multiplexer is also called Data
selector
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Four - to - one line multiplexer
circuit & truth table :
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THANK YOU
