Fire Protection Systems
In
Industry
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING CENTER
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Objectives of fire protection systems :
Provide appropriate and adequate protection
systems
Minimise the risk and consequences of an
accidental event.
Minimise the potential for hazardous occurrence
Provide sufficient safety devices and redundancy
to detect, isolate and minimise uncontrolled release
of flammable and toxic liquids / gases and fire.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Codes and Standards
Tariff Advisory Committee (TAC)
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
Oil Industries Safety directorate (OISD)
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Fire Protection Systems in Industry
Fixed Fire Protection Systems
Mobile Fire Protection Systems
Portable Fire Protection Systems
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Fixed Fire Protection Systems
Fire water reservoirs
Fire Water Pumps
Fire water network, hydrants and monitors
Deluge water spray system.
Manual water spray system
Foam system
-Semi-fixed foam pourer system
-Rim-seal foam package system
-Deluge foam spray system
Gaseous extinguishing system
-Total flooding system (Halon alternative)
-CO2 total flooding system
Dry chemical powder extinguishing system.
Fire and Gas Detection system.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Fire water Reservoirs
Should be capable of six hours uninterrupted supply@
150% of the maximum fire water demand .
should be divided into two interconnected equal
compartments with a common jack-well, to facilitate
cleaning and repair.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Fire Water Pumps
Redundant power supply to fire water pumps.
The diesel engine driven firewater pumps should
be provided with diesel tanks for six hours
continuous running.
. The prime movers of the fire water pumps should
be equally divided in electric motor driven & diesel
engine driven.
Pressure transmitters should be provided near to
fire pumps and at the farthest point of ring main.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Fire Water Pumps
Continue..
Based on the input signals, the F and G system initiate the
fire pump auto start-up sequence.
Low input signal
- 10 kg/cm2
- starts duty Jockey
pump.
Low-Low input signal
- 7 kg/cm2
- initiates fire water
pump start sequence.
High input signal
- 12 kg/cm2
- stops duty Jockey
pump.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Fire Water Network,Hydrants &Monitors
Network residual pressure should be 5.25 Kg/cm2 at the most
` hydraulically remote point during maximum demand.
Fire water network should be a grided ring main
Isolation valves should be provided for isolation of required
portion for maintenance/repair.
Spacing between the hydrants should be according to hazards..
Hydrant valves should be designed to operate at a pressure of 7
Kg/Cm2 with a minimum discharge of 900 LPM each.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
Fire Water Network,Hydrants &Monitors
Continue...
For the protection of process equipment water monitors
should be provided at ground level.
Fixed type water monitors should be located around
Process Area .
Aqua foam monitors should be provided for hydrocarbon
storage tanks outside dyke spill/dyke fires.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
10
Deluge Water Spray System
To be provided at:
Pumps operating at and above 2500C and high pressure pumps
Storage tanks inlet / outlet piping
Pumps handling volatile materials(LPG)
Air fin-fan coolers located above pipe racks
LPG and Propylene spheres
LPG Loading gantries (Rail and Road)
Storage tanks
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
11
Semi Fixed Foam Pourer System
To be Provided at :
Floating roof storage tanks containing petroleum class A & B
hydrocarbons.
Fixed roof storage tanks containing petroleum class A&B
hydrocarbons.
All storage tanks of dia. 40 meters and above containing
petroleum class C hydrocarbons.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
12
Semi Fixed Foam Pourer System
Continue.
For floating roof tanks foam application rate should be 12
LPM/m2 of rim seal area.
For fixed roof storage tanks application rate should be 5 LPM/m2
of entire liquid surface area.
Each pourer should be restricted to maximum of 1000 LPM
discharge.
The rim seal foam pourers should be spaced around the tank
perimeter at every 24 meters intervals.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
13
Rim Seal Foam Package System
Objective:
Detect the rim seal fires at its incipient stage and reduce the
response time by automatic suppression.
Design criteria:
Rim Seal Foam Package System should be provided on floating
roof tanks of 60-meter dia and above.
The modules should be mounted on pantoon deck
The number of foam packages to be determined by the rim seal
circumference.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
14
Gaseous Extinguishing System
It is clean agent total flooding system used for protection of
electronic equipment housed in buildings e.g.Control rooms.
Design criteria
Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP),
Global Warning Potential (GWP),
Atmospheric Life Time (ALT),
Toxicity
Fire extinguishing property
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
15
Fire and Gas Detection System
Objective:
Alert personnel to danger
Initiate preventive/shutdown actions to mitigate the consequence
of fire/gas release
Initiate protection systems.
Start fire pumps as an effect of deluge system actuation
Provide visual and audible alarms in the Control Centers, Fire
Stations, and in the vicinity of hazard
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
16
Fire and Gas Detection System
Continue.
F & G workstation should have facility to view the status
across entire complex.
Further related plant/facility status can be viewed by zooming
the particular section of plant graphics..
Example :
Level 1: Entire Complex Overview
Level 2: Overview of Process Plant area
Level 3 : Overview of or Unit within a process plant area
Level 4 : Detail View
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
17
. Fire and Gas Detection System
Continue.
F&G Field Devices
Hydrogen Gas detector
Toxic gas detector H2S, SO2 Chlorine
Fire and Gas alarm lamp
Extinguisher alarm sounder
Flame detector IR
Wind speed indicator
Heat detector
Flame detector UV/IR
Gas detector open path
Linear heat detector
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
18
Mobile Fire Protection Systems
Objective:
To supply the required quantity of fire extinguishing media.
To provide special equipment and tools for rescue operations.
To provide higher reach to combat fires at elevated height.
To combat three-dimensional fires
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
19
. Mobile Fire Protection Systems
Continue.
Types of Mobile Fire Protection Systems
Foam Tender
Foam Transport Vehicle
Hydraulic Platform
Dry Chemical Powder Tender
Emergency Rescue Tender
Mobile Emergency Control Center
Jeep Fire Engine
Trailer Mounted Foam Monitor
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
20
. Portable Fire Protection Systems
Objective
To control/extinguish fires at their incipient stage.
To act as a first line defense and should be named as first-aid
fire fighting equipment.
Design Basis.
For hydrocarbon liquid & gas fires Dry chemical powder type
fire extinguishers should be provided.
For electrical/electronic panels & equipment, sub-stations, etc.
CO2 type fire extinguishers should be provided.
For fires on ordinary combustibles Water (CO2 cartridge) type
fire extinguishers should be provided.
RELIANCE FIRE TRAINING SCHOOL
RFTS / SD / 01--Fire Protection System
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