A City that is Delhi
A brief report on the city.
Urban structure
New Delhi is structured around two central promenades
called the Rajpath and the Janpath.
At the heart of the city is the magnificent Rashtrapati
Bhavan (formerly known as Viceroy's House) which sits atop
Raisina Hill.
The Secretariat, which houses various ministries of the
Government of India, flanks out of the Rashtrapati Bhavan.
The Parliament House, designed by Herbert Baker, is located
at the Sansad Marg, which runs parallel to the Rajpath.
The Connaught Place is a large, circular commercial area in
New Delhi, modeled after the Royal Crescent in England.
Twelve separate roads lead out of the outer ring of
Connaught Place, one of them being the Janpath.
Geography
Delhi is an expansive area, in its extremity it spans from Narela in the
north to Badarpur in the south.
Najafgarh is the furthest point west, and Seemapuri is its eastern
extremity.
Places like Shahdara and Bhajanpura are its eastern ends and are one
of major shopping centres in Delhi.
The NCR encompasses points south and east of the said border,
namely Ghaziabad, Noida, Faridabad and Gurgaon
The main expanse of Delhi does not follow a specific geographical
feature (for example, converse to London, which centered on the
Thames, has its northern limit at its first Hill, Hampstead Heath, and its
southern limit at the river, similarly its western limit is the bottom of a
basin Paddington).
The main city area of Delhi does not end until Saket in the South, whilst
the northern limit is easily Jahangirpuri, and the western limit is easily
Janakpuri-Dwarka.
Urbanization of Delhi
The process of urban planning in Delhi is continuing from
17th Century, when Shahjahanabad was built, which now is
called Walled City.
Major change and expansion of Urban Delhi started in the
second decade of Twentieth Century when Britishers
planned New Delhi, the Capital of India.
Second major expansion started on partition of the country
in 1947 with the huge number of refugees coming to settle
in Delhi.
Subsequently, migration started to this city of opportunities
and availabilities from adjoining States of UP, Haryana, and
Rajasthan for employment. Delhi Development Act, 1957,
was notified for proper development of this city according to
a Master Plan and DDA was given this job.
Evolution of NCR
The Govt. of India in 1961 set up a high powered board
with the Union Home Minister as its chairman to look
after the needs of the NCR. Further, the Town and
Country Planning Organisation (successors of the TPO)
started work on the preparation of the Regional Plan in
late sixties and early seventies.
This ultimately led to the constitution of the National
Capital Region Planning Board in 1985.This board was
created under the NCR Planning Board Act 1985,
enacted by the Parliament with the concurrence of the
states of Haryana, U.P. and Rajasthan.
The NCR covers an area of 30242 Sq km including
Delhi (1483 sq km) and parts of Haryana (13,413 sq
km), Uttar Pradesh (10,853 sq km), and Rajasthan
(4493 sq km)
Demographics - NCT Delhi
Population increase from 4.1 lakhs in 1911 to
134.2 lakhs in 1999 likely to reach 143.7 lakhs
in 2001.
Out of which 32 lakhs is likely to be slum
population.
Migration has mostly taken place from NCR
states with a maximum from U.P (49.91%) and
Haryana (11.82%).
Housing
According to the 1991 census there were
18.62 lakhs household in Delhi.
Out of these, 12,200 household were shelter
less.
There was 18.02 lakhs residential houses
which included 1,91,386 kacha houses.
Delhi faced a shortage of 2,62,824 houses in
1991, which is about 14% of the total number
of households.
The Ridge - flora and fauna of the
city
The Ridge, situated in the heart of Delhi, has an estimated length
of about 53 km.
It is an extension of the oldest mountain chain of India, the
Aravallis, entering Delhi from Haryana.
The main arm of the Ridge runs north-east and extends up to the
Yamuna, while a smaller one enters via Tughlakabad and ends at
Kalkaji.
The Ridge is only 6% of the total area of Delhi (1483 sq km).
Besides this, the other green in the capital is part of Delhi that
Lutyen built, better known as Lutyen's Delhi.
Here, the green belt constitutes about 2% of Delhi's land area.
Less than a century ago, Delhi was an idyllic place with the river
Yamuna flowing fresh and pure, the Ridge forest undisturbed,
green, uncolonised and a clean air provider. Today the story is
very different.
Sanitation and Sewerage
The total capacity of treatment is 1478 million
litres per day with nine sewerage treatment
plants.
However the sewerage generated is to the
tune of 2871 million litres/day likely to grow to
4115 mld by 2001 through 19 major city
drains.
The sewerage also carries industrial effluents
through the same drainage network.
Transportation
Five national highways-NH-1,NH-2,NH-8 NH-10
and NH-24 converge in Delhi.
There are eight rail transport corridors that
carry 350 passenger trains and 40 goods
trains to and from three railway stations in
Delhi every day.
Approximately 28.48 lakhs motor vehicles are
running on Delhi roads, which is likely to
increase to 40 lakhs by 2001.
Traffic Congestion
The total road length available in Delhi works
out to a paltry 0.28 kms per 1000 population.
The number of vehicles travelling on Delhi
roads is increasing rapidly and is approaching
40 lakhs. Of this number, 37% are vehicles
that are personally owned.
The results are clear; traffic congestion has
resulted in drastically reduced traffic speeds,
often as low as 10km/h.
Civic administration
As of July 2007, the National Capital Territory of Delhi
comprises nine districts, 27tehsils, 59census towns,
165villages and three statutory towns the Municipal
Corporation of Delhi (MCD); the New Delhi Municipal
Committee (NDMC); and the Delhi Cantonment Board
(DCB).
Map showing the nine districts of Delhi
List of districts of Delhi
District
Sub divisions
Central Delhi
Darya Ganj
Pahar Ganj
Karol Bagh
North Delhi
Sadar Bazaar
Kotwali
Civil Lines
South Delhi
Kalkaji
Defence Colony
Hauz Khas
East Delhi
Gandhi Nagar
Preet Vihar
Vivek Vihar
North East Delhi
Seelampur
Shahdara
Seema Puri
South West Delhi
Vasant Vihar
Najafgarh
Delhi Cantt
New Delhi
Connaught Place
Parliament Street
Chanakya Pur
North West Delhi
Saraswati Vihar
Narela
Model Town
West Delhi
Patel Nagar
Punjabi Bagh
Dwarka
Delhi Development Authority
The Delhi Development Authority was created in 1955 under the
provisions of the Delhi Development Act "to promote and secure the
development of Delhi".
DDA - Delhi Development Authority instigated operations in 1957 under
the Delhi Development Act for a well-planned, orderly and swift
development of Delhi into a capital city in its true sense.
The biggest challenge in front of the Ministry of Urban Development
Delhi has always been to provide adequate residential and commercial
infrastructure facilities to over 11 million people in the city.
This metro and Capital of India has been attracting large number of
immigrants from the neighboring cities and states and provided an
accommodating atmosphere to all.
The credit of this largely goes to the Housing Development Authority or
DDA. Starting from the basic plan of Delhi by the legendary Edward
Lutyens and Herbert Baker, DDA Regional Housing Authority had the
challenge to develop a pre-painted canvas into a beautiful artifact that
New Delhi surely is with plenty room for all and more to come.
DDA Master Plans
The DDA Master Plan was formed in 1962 to ensure an organized
and structured development of New Delhi.
This included recognizing of new land that can be developed into
residential properties and make self-contained colonies by providing
ample commercial office and retail complexes as well.
The DDA Masterplan was revised in 1982 to formulate the Master
Plan 2001 and then re-revised in 2007 to form the Delhi Master Plan
2021.
It lays down the basic infrastructure requirements for a city
estimated to have a population of 128 Lakhs.
Besides the Master Plan, DDA formulates Zonal Plans, Action Area
Plans, Urban Extension Projects etc. focusing on particular areas. The
spheres covered include residential Housing schemes, commercial
complexes and office spaces, land development, recognition and
preservation of unknown heritage sites in Delhi, sports complexes,
play grounds, Multi-facility Gyms, Golf courses etc.
DDA Housing
The development of Housing projects by DDA commenced in 1967 with
construction of houses and providing the basic amenities like electricity,
water supply, sewage disposal, and other infrastructure facilities.
The new projects undertaken instigate with recognition of project sites,
public announcement about the new DDA housing schemes in various
categories through newspapers and other media advertisements, formal
acceptance of the applications, a transparent draw system for shortlisting
of the applicants and finally allotment of the property.
Some popular DDA Housing Schemes of the past include New Pattern
Registration Scheme that offers home registration along with the
property purchase, Janta Housing Registration Scheme that offers house
registrations for the EWS (Economically Weaker Section) category and
Ambedkar Awas Yojana that alloted Janta, LIG & MIG category flats to the
SC/ ST registrants.
The Residential land is alloted to individual applicants, the farmers whose
land is acquired for development and group housing societies through
public auction.
DDA Land Development
The Delhi Development Authority acquires land for
development in Delhi. So far, over 260.4350 km2
of land has been acquired with successful
development projects on 240.80 km2 and
124.2949 km2 as residential land.
Besides, the construction projects, DDA land
development also includes providing a lush green
belt and forest area for a clean and healthy
environment by developing regional parks,
neighborhood parks, district parks, play fields, and
sports complexes.
DDA Commercial Properties
DDA undertakes construction, development
and maintenance of commercial properties
like retail shops in local markets, shopping
complexes, office complexes, make shift
industrial set ups, hospitals, community halls,
clubs, educational institutions, religious
segregation centres etc. These properties are
disposed through auctions or tenders.
DDA Sports Complexes
Delhi Development Authority aims to
provide an entire network of sports
facilities through sports complexes, play
fields, multi-facility gymnasiums and
fitness centres, golf courses etc.
DDA provides the basic infrastructure
facilities, coaching through the top sports
persons in India, providing stipend and kits
and other facilities to identify and train
budding sports talent in Delhi.
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