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Cellular IP

Cellular IP is a new protocol for highly mobile hosts that supports both local mobility and works efficiently with Mobile IP. It uses two parallel structures - paging caches and routing caches - to efficiently manage the location of idle and active mobile hosts. When a mobile host moves between areas, it updates the paging caches to reflect its new location, allowing packets to find the host. For handoffs between areas, Cellular IP uses routing cache updates and buffering at the overlap point to allow for smooth handoffs with no packet loss. Compared to Mobile IP, Cellular IP uses paging updates rather than care-of addresses for location management and routing caches rather than registration for routing.

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ramya sree
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607 views21 pages

Cellular IP

Cellular IP is a new protocol for highly mobile hosts that supports both local mobility and works efficiently with Mobile IP. It uses two parallel structures - paging caches and routing caches - to efficiently manage the location of idle and active mobile hosts. When a mobile host moves between areas, it updates the paging caches to reflect its new location, allowing packets to find the host. For handoffs between areas, Cellular IP uses routing cache updates and buffering at the overlap point to allow for smooth handoffs with no packet loss. Compared to Mobile IP, Cellular IP uses paging updates rather than care-of addresses for location management and routing caches rather than registration for routing.

Uploaded by

ramya sree
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cellular IP:

A New Approach to Internet Host Mobility


Reporter

Outline

Cellular IP introduction
Routing Protocol
Paging
Paging & Routing caches
Handoff
Conclusion

Introduction

Mobility overview
Macro-mobility

Mobile IP

MIPV6
MIPV4

Micro-mobility

Cellular IP
HAWAII
HIP

Cellular IP

Cellular IP represents a new mobile host


protocol

simple, and flexible protocol for highly mobile


hosts
CIP supports local mobility & efficiently internet
works with Mobile IP

Wirelss access networks and mobile IP

Wireless Access network Model


E
Internet with
Mobile IP

C
D

Gateway A
R

R
Beacon signal

Home agent of MH

MH

Packets will be first routed to the host's home


agent and then tunneled to
the gateway

Packets transmitted by mobile hosts


are first routed to the gateway and
from there on to the Internet

MOBILE IP

The gateway "detunnels'' packets and


forwards them toward base stations

CELLULAR IP

Cellular IP Paging

Idle mobile hosts that receive a packet move


from idle to active state, start their activestate-timer and immediately transmit a routeupdate packet.
This ensures that routing cache mappings are
established quickly

Mobile host state machine

Efficient Location Management


PAGING &
ROUTING

PC
1

RC
2

4
Mobile Host

Service Area

Two parallel structures of mappings (PC &RC)


1 - idle MH keeps PC upto-date
2 - PC mappings used to find the loc of idle MH
3 - maintains RC mappings until actively connected
4 - routing of data packets to MH

Illustration of Paging
I dont
have a PC

X : from C

X : from G

E
Internet with
Mobile IP

C
GW
R

Paging-update

A
B

Paging-update packets create mappings in PCs

MH

PCs updated for a moving host


No change
in PC at A
X : from F
X : from C

X : from G

E
Internet with
Mobile IP

X : from F,G

G times out

C
GW
R

A
B

F
MH

Paging packets are routed to


the mobile host by PCs

X : from C

X : from F

E
Internet with
Mobile IP

C
GW
R

A
B

F
MH

Handoff
X : from D

X : from C

X : from D, E
X : from E
X : from F

E
Internet with
Mobile IP

C
GW
R

A
B

Paging & Routing caches

Handoff

Cellular IP handoff
Hard handoff
Semi-soft handoff
Hard handoff
During the Handoff Latency the downlink
packets are lost.
Semi-soft handoff
Improvement over Hard Handoff

Hard-Handoff
1.MN From Old BS to
New BS
2.MN send Route
Update Packet to GW
3.BSs are refresh RS
4.GW send data packets
to MN

Semi soft-Handoff

Improvement over Hard Handoff ; NO packet


loss & smooth handoff.
Need for buffering at the cross over point :For
smooth handoff

Compare Mobile IP & Cellular IP

Location management
Mobile IP: Care-of-address
Cellular IP: paging update packet
Routing
Mobile IP: registration
Cellular IP: routing cache
Handoff
Mobile IP: encapsulation, triangle routing
Cellular IP: routing cache

Conclusion

Cellular IP represents a new approach to IP


host mobility

Cheap passive connectivity using PC and RC


Flexible handoff
The important issue :
Authentication and security

End

Thanks~

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