Amity School Of Engg.
& Technology
Submitted By:
Atul Yadav
Atul Garg
Ashish Kalra
Vinay singh
Main topics
1. Introduction
2. Platform
3. Software development
4. Overall evaluation
5. Sample Program
1. Introduction
What is Android?
A software platform and operating system for mobile devices
Based on the Linux kernel
Developed by Google and later the Open Handset Alliance (OHA)
Allows writing managed code in the Java language
Possibility to write applications in other languages and compiling it to ARM
native code (support of Google? No)
Unveiling of the Android platform was announced on 5 November 2007 with the
founding of OHA
License
Android is under version 2 of the
Apache Software License (ASL)
2. Platform
2.1 Hardware
Android is not a single piece of hardware; it's
a complete, end-to-end software platform that
can be adapted to work on any number of
hardware configurations. Everything is there,
from the boot loader all the way up to the
applications.
2. Platform
2.2 Operating System(s)
Android uses Linux for its device drivers, memory
management, process management, and networking.
The next level up contains the Android native libraries.
They are all written in C/C++ internally, but youll be
calling them through Java interfaces. In this layer you
can find the Surface Manager, 2D and 3D graphics,
Media codecs, the SQL database (SQLite), and a native
web browser engine (WebKit).
Dalvik Virtual Machine. Dalvik runs dex files, which are
coverted at compile time from standard class and jar
files.
2. Platform
2.3 Network Connectivity
It supports wireless communications
using:
o
GSM mobile-phone technology
3G
802.11 Wi-Fi networks
2. Platform
2.4 Security
Android is a multi-process system, in which each
application (and parts of the system) runs in its own
process. Most security between applications and the
system is enforced at the process level through standard
Linux facilities, such as user and group IDs that are
assigned to applications.
Additional finer-grained security features are provided
through a "permission" mechanism that enforces
restrictions on the specific operations that a particular
process can perform, and per-URI permissions for granting
ad-hoc access to specific pieces of data.
2. Platform
2.5 Performance
2. Platform
2.6 Future possibilities
Google Android Sales overtook iPhone in 2012
The OHA is committed to make their vision a reality: to deploy the
Android platform for every mobile operator, handset manufacturers
and developers to build innovative devices
Intel doesnt want to lose ownership of the netbook market, so
they need to prepare for anything, including Android
Fujitsu launched an initiative to offer consulting and engineering
expertise to help run Android on embedded hardware, which aside
from cellphones, mobile internet devices, and portable media
players, could include GPS devices, thin-client computers and settop boxes.
More Android devices are coming and some will push the
envelope even further
3. Software development
3.1 Development requirements
Java
Android SDK
Eclipse IDE (optional)
3. Software development
3.2 IDE and Tools
Android SDK
Class Library
Developer Tools
dx Dalvik Cross-Assembler
aapt Android Asset Packaging Tool
adb Android Debug Bridge
ddms Dalvik Debug Monitor Service
Emulator and System Images
Documentation and Sample Code
Eclipse IDE + ADT (Android Development Tools)
Reduces Development and Testing Time
Makes User Interface-Creation easier
Makes Application Description Easier
3. Software development
3.3 Programming Language(s)
Java officially supported
C/C++ also possible but not supported
4. Overall evaluation
4.1 Advantages
There are a host of advantages that Googles Android will derive from being an
open source software. Some of the advantages include:
The ability for anyone to customize the Google Android platform
The consumer will benefit from having a wide range of mobile applications to
choose from since the monopoly will be broken by Google Android
Men will be able to customize a mobile phones using Google Android platform
like never before
Features like weather details, opening screen, live RSS feeds and even the
icons on the opening screen will be able to be customized
As a result of many mobile phones carrying Google Android, companies will
come up with such innovative products like the location
In addition the entertainment functionalities will be taken a notch higher by
Google Android being able to offer online real time multiplayer games
4. Overall evaluation
4.2 Limitations
Bluetooth limitations
o Android doesn't support:
Bluetooth stereo
Contacts exchange
Modem pairing
Wireless keyboards
But it'll work with Bluetooth headsets, but that's about it
Firefox Mobile isn't coming to Android
Apps in Android Market need to be programmed with a custom
form of Java
Mozilla and the Fennec won't have that
4. Overall evaluation
4.3 Conclusion
We can only hope that the next versions of Android
have overcome the actual limitations and that the
future possibilities became a reality
Technology
5. Sample program
5.1 Steps
Install a Platform
Create an AVD (Android Virtual Device)
Create a New Android Project
Technology
Construct the UI
Run the Application
5.2 Hello, World
