Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Dynamic State Simulation Tests
Jay Gosalia
Why Dynamic Testing?
Why ? How ? When? What?
What's the purpose?
Benefits of the tests?
When do I do the test?
How do I do the tests?
What's wrong with the routing well proven test
methodology?
Is it faster, better and meaningful?
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Why Dynamic Testing?
Newer Protection schemes are more
Complex
Powerful
More flexible
More customizable
Difficult to test with the simple routing tests
Dynamic testing provides
Meaning full testing
Customized tests to check the whole scheme or
a specific function
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Meaningful Testing
Modern protection schemes are
very complex, flexible yet powerful
Testing becomes very complex
More then 1000 settings on line
protection scheme is very
common
Different manufacturers implement
things differently
Large documentation
User is not always familiar with all the
customized schemes and setting
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Special Features
Modern line protection scheme
Voltage transformer supervision
Current transformer supervision
Memory for 3 phase faults on the line
Cross polarized/memory polarized schemes
Complex communication scheme
Zone 1 extension scheme
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Meaningful Testing
Protection
Trip/Control
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Meaningful Testing
Protection
Trip/Control
Simulate Power System Events to
check the performance of the
protection scheme without getting in
to the protection settings
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Meaningful Testing
Protection
Trip/Control
Simulate Power System Events to
check:
VT supervision
Cross/memory polarization
Communication scheme
Memory check
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Dynamic Testing : How?
State simulation macro is an ideal tool
Events need to defined in terms of series of
power system states
Each state defines value (amplitude, Phase
and frequency) of analog quantities
Value of 3 phase voltage and currents
Duration of each state
Ex. of 3 phase fault in terms of three states
Pre-flt. balance 3 ph. volt. & load currents: 30 cy
3 ph. Fault volt. & high fault currents : 10 Cy.
3 ph. Volt. and no currents (Br. Trip) : 30 Cy.
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
3 Phase Fault : State Simulation
Pre-Fault
Load Condition
0
Fault
3 Phase Fault
Post-Fault
Breaker Open
30
35
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
95
Cycles
3 Phase Fault : State Simulation
Pre-Fault
Load Condition
0
Fault
3 Phase Fault
Post-Fault
Breaker Open
30
35
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
95
Cycles
VT Supervision : State Simulation
Pre-Fault
Load Condition
0
Phase A
Fuse Blows
60
410
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B-G
Fault
415
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Cycles
VT Supervision : State Simulation
Pre-Fault
Load Condition
0
Phase A
Fuse Blows
60
410
Knowledge Is Power
Protection
Trip Blocked
B-G
Fault
415
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Cycles
VT Supervision : State Simulation
Pre-Fault
Load Condition
0
Phase A
Fuse Blows
60
260
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B-G
Fault
265
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Cycles
VT Supervision : State Simulation
Pre-Fault
Load Condition
0
Phase A
Fuse Blows
60
260
Knowledge Is Power
Protection
Tripped B-G
B-G
Fault
265
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
Cycles
Demo : ProtesT
Creating State simulation file for
Switch on to fault Protection (SOTF)
Load condition : State 1
Breaker open no volt and no current : State 2
Grounding chains are connected for work
After completion of work chains are not removed
Close breaker simulates 3 phase fault
Breaker trip instantaneously
Zone 1 Extension scheme
Load condition : State 1
A-G fault for zone 2 : protection trip inst.: State 2
Reclosing relay starts : ARIP to Protection : State 3
Breaker closes on Zone 2 fault : state 4 : No inst. trip
Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
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Knowledge Is Power
SM
Apparatus Maintenance and Power Management
for Energy Delivery
