ANATOMY OF
ORBIT
Bony orbit
Shape - Quadrilateral
pyramid (Pear shape).
Base directed forwards,
laterally & slightly
downwards.
Apex- Between the optic
foramen and superior
orbital fissure.
Dr Yati Gothwal
Coronal CT of head
Orbit lies:
Inferior to
cranial cavity
Above to
maxillary sinus
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Dr Yati Gothwal
Horizontal CT of head
Orbit lies:
Lateral to nasal
cavity and Para
nasal sinuses
Medial to infratemporal fossa
Eyeball is ori
Orbits are angled
450 outward
Dr Yati Gothwal
Horizontal CT of head
Orbit lies:
Lateral to nasal
cavity and Para
nasal sinuses
Medial to infratemporal fossa
Eyeball is oriented
anterio- posteriorly
Orbits are angled
450 outward
Dr Yati Gothwal
Adult orbital dimensions
Volume- 30cc
Height- 35mm
Width- 40mm
Distance from posterior globe to optic foramen-
18mm
Length of orbital segment of optic nerve- 25-30mm
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Bony orbit 1. Frontal
2. Zygomatic
3. Maxillary
4. Lacrimal
5. .
6. .
7. .
Dr Yati Gothwal
Bony orbit 1. Frontal
2. Zygomatic
3. Maxillary
4. Lacrimal
5. Sphenoid
6. Palatine
7. Ethmoid
Dr Yati Gothwal
Bony orbit 1. Frontal
2. Zygomatic
3. Maxillary
4. Lacrimal
5. Sphenoid
6. Palatine
7. Ethmoid
Dr Yati Gothwal
Bony orbit 1. Frontal
2. Zygomatic
3. Maxillary
4. Lacrimal
5. Sphenoid
6. Palatine
7. Ethmoid
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Orbit applied anatomy Roof:
Shape-Triangular
Bones- orbital plate of Frontal bone &
Lesser wing of wing of Sphenoid bone
LandmarksLacrimal fossa- Fossa for lacrimal Gland
Bounded below by zygomaticofrontal
suture
Dr Yati Gothwal
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The Foveasmall depression for trochlea of superior oblique
muscle
Close to frontolacrimal suture
Relation -Frontal sinus, frontal lobe
Applied anatomy-frontal sinus mucocele
causes proptosis, Frontal headache
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ROOF
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Orbit applied anatomy Medial wall: thinnest
Bones1. Frontal process of maxilla
2. Orbital plate of ethmoid
3. Body of the sphenoid
4. Lacrimal bone
LandmarksLamina papyracea- orbital plate of ethmoid
Covers ethmoid sinus
Frequently fractured
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Lacrimal fossa- fossa for lacrimal sac
Formed by frontal process of maxilla & lacrimal
bone
Relation : Ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity
Applied anatomy: Thinnest wall
Infection causes orbital cellulitis
Ethmoidal Mucocele causes proptosis
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Orbit applied anatomy Floor: Triangular shape
Bones1. Orbital plate of maxilla
2. Orbital surface of Zygomatic bone
3. Orbital process of Palatine bones
Relation : Maxillary sinus, Infra-orbital nerve
Applied anatomy: growth from Maxillary sinus
blow out fracture,
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Orbit applied anatomy Lateral wall:
Thickest & strongest wall
Triangular shape
Bones1. Greater wing of sphenoid
2. Orbital surface of zygomatic bone
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Lateral orbital tubercle of whitnallElevation on orbital surface of zygomatic bone
Gives attachment to Check ligament of lateral rectus
Lateral canthal ligament
Suspensory ligament of eye ball
Relation : Temporal fossa,
Lacrimal fossa
Applied anatomy: Smallest wall- easy surgical
approach
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FLOOR
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Apex of Bony orbit - Extra ocular muscles origin
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Ape
x of
Orbi
t
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Intracranial Structures
Passes into orbit through
1. Superior orbital fissure
Between greater and lesser
wings of sphenoid
2. Inferior orbital fissure
Lies between orbit floor
and lateral wall of orbit,
Formed by sphenoid, maxillary & palatine
3. Optic foramen
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Intracranial Structures
Passes into orbit through
3. Optic foramen
(optic canal)
Bounded by two roots of
lesser wing of sphenoid
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Passages from
Cranium to Orbit
1. Superior orbital fissure :
Between greater and lesser wings of
sphenoid
2. Inferior orbital fissure : Lies between
orbit floor and lateral wall of orbit,
formed by sphenoid, maxillary & palatine
3. Optic foramen (optic canal)
Bounded by two roots of lesser wing
of sphenoid
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Passages from
Cranium to Orbit
1. Superior orbital fissure :
Between greater and lesser wings of
sphenoid
2. Inferior orbital fissure : Lies between
orbit floor and lateral wall of orbit,
formed by sphenoid, maxillary & palatine
3. Optic foramen (optic canal)
Bounded by two roots of lesser wing
of sphenoid
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Superior orbital fissure
Superior rectus
Superior Oblique
Levator palpebrae sup.
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Inferior rectus
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Superior orbital fissure
Superior rectus
Superior Oblique
Lacrimal n.
Levator palpebrae sup.
Frontal n.
Trochlear n.
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Sup. Division of III n.
Abducent n.
Nasociliary n.
Inferior. Division of III n.
Inferior rectus
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Superior orbital fissure
Superior rectus
Superior Oblique
Lacrimal n.
Levator palpebrae sup.
Frontal n.
Trochlear n.
Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Sup. Division of III n.
Abducent n.
Nasociliary n.
Inferior. Division of III n.
Inferior rectus
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Superior orbital fissure
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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Through annulus of Zinn :
Sup. division of Ophthalmic n.
Naso ciliary n.
Abducent n.
Inf. division of Ophthalmic n.
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
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Above :
Lacrimal
n.
Superior
Orbital
fissure
Frontal n.structures passes into orbit
Intracranial
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Through annulus of Zinn :
Sup. division of Ophthalmic n.
Naso ciliary n.
Abducent n.
Inf. division of Ophthalmic n.
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
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Superior
Above : Orbital fissure
Intracranial
passes into orbit
Lacrimalstructures
n.
Frontal n.
Trochlear n.
Sup. ophthalmic vein
Through annulus of Zinn :
Sup. division of Ophthalmic n.
Naso ciliary n.
Abducent n.
Inf. division of Ophthalmic n.
Below:
Inf.ophthalmic vein
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Superior orbital fissure
Intracranial structures passes into orbit
Above annulus of Zinn :
Lacrimal nerve.
Frontal nerve.
Trochlear nerve Sup. ophthalmic vein
Through annulus of Zinn :
Sup.division of ophthalmic nerve.
Naso ciliary nerve.
Abducent nerve.
Inferior division of ophthalmic nerve.
Below: annulus of Zinn
Inf.ophthalmic vein
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Nerves passes through-Superior
orbital fissure
Light
Lacrimal n.
From
Frontal n.
The
Trochlear n.
Sun
Superior ophthalmic n.
Nourishes
Naso ciliary n.
All Abducent n.
Individuals Inferior ophthalmic n.
Light From The Sun Nourishes All
Individuals
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Intracranial structures
passes into orbit through
Inferior orbital fissure
1. Maxillary division of V Cranial
nerve
2. Zygomatic nerve
Optic foramen
1. Optic nerve
2. Ophthalmic artery
3. Sympathetic nerve
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Bony orbit - Orbital spaces
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Orbital spaces
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Orbital spaces
Sub periosteal space :
Between bones of orbit
and periostium
Peripheral orbital space :
Between periostium and
Extra Ocular Muscles
Central space: Within EOM
Tenons capsule : Around
eye ball
SAIMS
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Orbital spaces
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Orbital spaces
Sub periosteal space :
Between bones of orbit
and periosteum
Tenons capsule : Around
eye ball
Dr Yati Gothwal
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Orbital spaces
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Orbital spaces
Peripheral orbital space :
Between periosteum and
Extra ocular muscles
Central space: Within
Extra ocular muscles
SAIMS
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Thank You
Keep Smiling
Dr Yati Gothwal
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