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Managing Torque and Drag

Torque and drag are caused by lateral forces and friction in the wellbore. They can be predicted using modeling software and monitored with MWD tools. Managing torque and drag involves optimizing the well trajectory, drillstring design, and drilling parameters to minimize their levels.

Uploaded by

Milad Ebrahimi Dastgerdi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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527 views

Managing Torque and Drag

Torque and drag are caused by lateral forces and friction in the wellbore. They can be predicted using modeling software and monitored with MWD tools. Managing torque and drag involves optimizing the well trajectory, drillstring design, and drilling parameters to minimize their levels.

Uploaded by

Milad Ebrahimi Dastgerdi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 34

Managing Torque and

Drag

Craig S. Clark
IPM NSA QHSE Manager
Schlumberger
Managing
Torque and
Drag

2 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
What is Friction?

Motion Friction

3 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Laws of Friction
I. Frictional force is proportional to the
normal force
FD = .FN tan =
FD

FN

4 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Laws of Friction (cont.)
II. A friction coefficient is independent of the
apparent area of contact
III. Frictional force is independent of sliding
velocity

5 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Torque and Drag
Torque Losses
Drag Losses

6 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
What Causes Torque and Drag?
Lateral Forces

Drillstring Weight
Borehole Inclination
Directional Change

7 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
What Causes Torque and Drag?
(cont.)

Tension
Side
Side Force
Forces

Tension

8 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
What Causes Torque and Drag?
(cont.)
Wellbore Path is influenced by:

BHA Design
Weight on Bit and Rotary Speed
Formation Dip
Borehole Diameter
Formation Drillability
Borehole Stability

9 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
What Causes Torque and Drag?
(cont.)
Drillstring Dynamics

Torsional Waves
Slip-Stick Motion
Vibration Dampening

10 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Other Considerations
Drilling Equipment Integrity
Dogleg Severity

Casing String Integrity


Bending Strength
Side Forces
Casing Wear

11 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Other Considerations (cont.)
Pipe Buckling

Axial Compression
Pipe Integrity
Sinusoidal Buckling
Helical Buckling
Effects of Rotation

12 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Other Considerations (cont.)
SINUSOIDAL BUCKLING HELICAL BUCKLING

WOB Critical WOB WOB Helical

13 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
What are Torque and Drag?
Frictional Torque
Frictional Drag

14 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Downhole Effects
Surface Torque

Bit Torque
Frictional String Torque
Mechanical Torque
Dynamic Torque

15 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Managing Torque and Drag
Predict
Monitor
Control

16 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Predicting Torque & Drag
Trajectory/Drillstring Design

Rotary Torque
Drag Limits
Contact Forces
Buckling

17 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Predicting Torque & Drag
(cont.)
Computer Software

Accuracy
Direction of Friction
String Partitioning

18 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Predicting Torque & Drag
(cont.)
Computer Software (cont.)

Operating Modes
Planning
Offset Data
Updates

19 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Predicting Torque & Drag
(cont.)
Bit Torque from Mathematical Models

Bit Design
Weight on Bit
Bit Wear
Rotary Speed
Bit Hydraulics
Formation Hardness

20 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Predicting Torque & Drag
(cont.)
Casing Considerations
Running Casing
Reciprocation/Rotation

Other Considerations
Hole Cleaning

21 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Predicting Torque & Drag
(cont.)
40

35
DRAG CHART Mud Sweep
30

25
= 0.3
Drag 20
(klbf)
15

10
Predicted
= 0.2 Actual
5

0
0

3000

7000

8500
500
1000
1500
2000
2500

3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500

7500
8000

9000
9500
10000
10500
11000
11500
12000
Feet

22 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Measuring Torque & Drag
(cont.)
Bit Torque from Field Measurements

MWD
Surface Measurement
Offset Data

23 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Measuring Torque & Drag
(cont.)
Measuring Drag

Pick-up Weight
Slack-off Weight

24 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Measuring Torque & Drag
(cont.)
Determining Friction Coefficients

Mud Lubricity
Cased Hole
Formation Type

25 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Controlling Torque
Torque Reduction

Well Trajectory
Cased Hole
Open Hole
Mud Lubricity
Lubricating Beads
Use of LCM

26 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Controlling Torque (cont.)
Wellpath Considerations

Trajectory
Bottomhole Assemblies
Optimum Profile

27 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Controlling Torque (cont.)
Dynamic Torque

Torsional Dynamics
Torque Feedback
BHA Design

28 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Controlling Torque (cont.)
Drillstring Optimization

Tool Joints and Pipe Materials


TJ Balancing and Thread Compounds
Tandem Drilling Motors
Other

29 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Controlling Drag
Well Profile
Mud Lubricity
Drillpipe Protectors
Buckling Effects

30 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Controlling Drag (cont.)
Weight Distribution
Hole Cleaning
Thrusters
Downhole Motors
Traveling Equipment

31 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Controlling Drag (cont.)
Rotation
Steerable Rotary Systems
Stuck Pipe

32 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Summary
Torque and Drag are caused by lateral
forces and friction in the wellbore
Optimization of well trajectory is critical
T&D levels can be minimized through
modeling
BHAs should be designed for rotary drilling

33 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag
Summary (cont.)
Bit torque should be monitored using an
MWD tool
Simulation curves should be used to
monitor hole cleaning
String design can help overcome existing
drag

34 CSC Technology Transfer


Managing Torque and Drag

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