Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing
Protocol
Naveen Patel
Enhanced Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol
Cisco proprietary protocol
Classless routing protocol
Metric (32 bit) : Composite Metric
=> (BW + Delay) by default.
Administrative distance is 90
Updates are sent through Multicast IP address (224.0.0.10 ).
EIGRP supports:
- Rapid convergence
- Reduced bandwidth usage
- Multiple network-layer protocols
Naveen Patel
Enhanced Interior Gateway
Routing Protocol
Max Hop count is 224 (100 by default)
Supports IP, IPX and Apple Talk protocols
Hello packets are sent every 5 seconds
Convergence rate is fast
Naveen Patel
Routing Protocol
Classification
IGP EGP
Interior Gateway Exterior Gateway
Protocol Protocol
Routing protocols used Routing protocol used
within an autonomous between different
system autonomous systems
All routers will be routing Routers in different AS
within the same need an EGP
Autonomous boundary Border Gateway Protocol
RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF, is extensively used as
IS-IS EGP
Naveen Patel
IGP & EGP
IGPs: RIP, OSPF, IGPs: RIP, OSPF,
IGRP, EIGRP EGPs: BGP IGRP, EIGRP
XYZ - AS 100 ABC AS 200
IGPs operate within an autonomous system
EGPs connect different autonomous systems
Naveen Patel
EIGRP Terminology
Naveen Patel
EIGRP
Concepts & Terminology
EIGRP routers keep route and topology information readily
available in RAM, so they can react quickly to changes.
Like OSPF, EIGRP saves this information in several tables
and databases.
EIGRP saves routes that are learned in specific ways.
Routes are given a particular status and can be tagged to
provide additional useful information.
EIGRP maintains three tables:
- Neighbor table
- Topology table
- Routing table
Naveen Patel
EIGRP Tables
Neighbor Table: Contains information about directly connected adjacent
routers.
Topology Table: Contains entries for all the destinations, along with feasible
distance, any feasible successor, Advertised distance, and the calculated
cost.
Routing Table: The EIGRP routing table holds the best routes to a
destination. This information is retrieved from the topology table. Each
EIGRP router maintains a routing table for each network protocol.
Naveen Patel
EIGRP Data Structure
Like OSPF, EIGRP relies on different types of packets to maintain its
various tables and establish complex relationships with neighbor
routers. The five EIGRP packet types are:
Hello
Acknowledgment
Update
Query
Reply
EIGRP relies on hello packets to discover, verify, and rediscover
neighbor routers.
Rediscovery occurs if EIGRP routers do not receive hellos from each
other for a hold time interval but then re-establish communication.
EIGRP routers send hellos at a fixed but configurable interval, called
the hello interval. The default hello interval depends on the bandwidth
of the interface.
On IP networks, EIGRP routers send hellos to the multicast IP address
Naveen Patel
224.0.0.10.
DUAL Example
Naveen Patel
EIGRP Lab
10.0.0.1/8 11.0.0.1/8
S0 S0
CHE S1 HYD S1 BAN
10.0.0.2/8 11.0.0.2/8
E0 E0 E0
192.168.1.1/24 192.168.2.1/24 192.168.3.1/24
LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 LAN - 192.168.2.0/24 LAN - 192.168.3.0/24
Naveen Patel Naveen Rangani
Routing Comparison
Characteristic EIGRP OSPF RIPv2 RIPv1
Type of protocol Advance Distance Link-state Distance Vector Distance Vector
Vector
Classless support Yes Yes Yes No
VLSM support Yes Yes Yes No
Auto summarization No No Yes Yes
Discontiguous support Yes Yes Yes No
Route propagation Multicast (change) Multicast (change) Periodic multicast Periodic broadcast
Path metric Bandwidth+ Hops Bandwidth Hops Hops
Hop count limit None None 15 15
Convergence Very Fast Fast Slow Slow
Hierarchical network Yes (Using AS) Yes( Using Area) No (flat only) No (flat only)
Peer authentication Yes Yes Yes No
Updates Event Triggered Triggered Route table updates Route table updates
Route computation DUAL Dijkstra Bellman-Ford Bellman-Ford
Naveen Patel
THE END
Naveen Patel
