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DNP3.0
Distributed Network Protocol
2011. 12
Power Electric & Electronic System R&D Institute
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Contents
1. DNP Introduction
2. DNP Basic Concepts
3. DNP Layer
4. DNP Object Library
5. DNP Communication Configuration
6. DNP Communication Process
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1. DNP Introduction
1.1 What is DNP?
- Communication Protocol for Telecontrol
- Defined communications between Master station and Intelligent Electronic Device (IED)
1.2 Benefits of DNP
- Open standard
- Supported by an active DNP User Group
- A protocol that is supported by a large and increasing number of equipment manufacturers
- Optimized for reliable and efficient SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition)
communication
- Supported by comprehensive implementation testing standards
- Defined protocol subsets (level 1, level 2, level 3) for particular applications
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1.3 Features of DNP
- Supports time stamped messages for sequence of event (SOE) recording
- Allows master-slave topology
- Allows multiple master topology
- Provides user definable objects
- Provides for reporting by exception/event without polling by master
- Provides for changed data only response
- Addressing for over 65000 devices on single link
- Provides time synchronization and time-stamped events
- Data link and application layer confirmation
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2. DNP Basic Concepts
2.1 Point and Point Type
A point is identified by an index
A point usually has a static value
A point may generate events
Information about a point is reported using one
or more objects
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2.2 Static Data
- The points current value, which is the most recently measured, computed or obtained value
- Static binary data = the present ON or OFF condition of a binary state point
- Static Analog data = the most recently obtained value of an analog input point
2.3 Event Data
- Associated with something of significance happening
- State changes, a measurement whose values crosses some threshold, and analog input
changing by more than its deadband, etc
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2.4 DNP Object Classes
- Data object classes allow for the management of message content and message triggering
based upon user-determined priority of the data
- Data classes are assigned independently of the data priority
- Class 0 data refers to static data or the current values, the present of binary and analog input
points data, the most recently measured, computed or obtained values
- Supported other three event Classes:
Class 1 highest priority
Class 2 medium priority
Class 3 lowest priority
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3. DNP Layer
3.1 OSI 7 Layer and DNP Layer Overview
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3.2 DNP Frame Structure Overview
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3.3 Buildup of DNP message (master -> slave)
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3.4 Buildup of DNP message (slave -> master)
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3.5 DNP Frame Structure
DataLink Destination Source
Header
05 64 LEN DLC LSB MSB LSB MSB
CRC
FCB FCV Primary to
1 Secondary
START OCTETS DIR PRM FUNCTION CODE
ALWAYS 05 64 0 DFC Secondary
0 to Primary
MESSAGE LENGTH: (MIN=5. MAX=FF) VALUE DOES NOT INCLUDE 05, 64 AND LENGTH OR CRC OCTETS
DATA
Block 1 TH APPR HDR Object Header DATA. Object Header DATA CRC
REQUEST HEADER RESPONSE HEADER 1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 0 to 8 bytes
INTERNAL INDICATIONS
APPL APPL APPL APPL Object Object
Qualifier Range
CTL FUNC CODE CTL FUNC CODE First Second Group Variation
DATA
Block 2 DATA Object Header DATA CRC
DATA
Block n DATA Object Header DATA CRC
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4. DNP Object Library
4.1 DNP Object Group Number and Variation
- DNP Object Group Number
Classified the type of types of data within a DNP message
Specified the general type of data
Binary Inputs, Binary Outputs, Counters, Analog Inputs, Analog Outputs, Time, Class
- DNP Object Variations
Specified a particular variation of the type of data defined by Object Number
Specified how the data from within the group is encoded
Single bit or Status byte Binary Inputs
16 bit or 32 bit Analogs
Variation 0 = Any Variation
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4.2 DNP Object Group Number Overview
4.3 DNP Object Group Number and Variation Example 1
- Binary Input Static Data (Object 1)
Obj 1, Var 1 = Binary Input
Obj 1, Var 2 = Binary Input with Status
Binary Input Event Objects (Object 2)
Obj 2, Var 1 = Binary Input Change without Time
Obj 2, Var 2 = Binary Input Change with Time
Obj 2, Var 3 = Binary Input Change with Relative Time
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4.4 DNP Object Group Number and Variation Example 2
- CASE1 : Object Group = 1, Variation = 1
- CASE2 : Object Group = 1, Variation = 2
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5. DNP Communication Configuration
5.1 DNP network topologies
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5.2 DNP Communication Configuration
- Master Address, Slave Address
- Data Link Layer Configuration
- Application Layer Basic Configuration
- Unsolicited Message Configuration
- Physical Communication Method Configuration
Serial(232 or 485), TCP/IP, Dial-up modem
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5.3 Configuration related with DNP
- Master Address, Slave Address
0 ~ 0xFFEF : DNP Address Range
0xFFF0 ~ 0xFFFB : Reserved
0xFFFC: Self-Address,
0xFFFD ~ 0xFFFF: All-Stations address
- Data Link Layer Configuration
Data Link Confirm
Data Link Retries
Data Link Timeout
- Application Layer Basic Configuration
Application Layer Retries
Application Timeout
- Unsolicited Message Configuration
Enable or Disable Unsolicited Message
Unsolicited Message Retries
Unsolicited Message Hold Time
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- Physical Communication Method Configuration
Serial (232/485) Communication :
Baud rate, Parity/Stop/Start bit set,
Flow control setting (CTS, DCD, RTS, CTS)
TCP/IP or UDP Communication :
Master and Slave IP Address
Gateway Address
Subnet Mask
TCP or UDP Port
Dial-up Modem (GSM) Communication
Calling or Called Phone Number
AT Command Setting
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6. DNP Communication Process
6.1 Master/Slave Communication Process
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6.2 Unsolicited and Solicited Communications
[1] Transmit of unsolicited response
[2] Confirmation
[3] Issue of a read request
[4] Response
[5] Confirmation
[6] Transmit of new unsolicited response
[7] Confirmation
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