Discovering

Computers 2010
Living in a Digital World
Objectives Overview

See Page 719 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 2

for Detailed Objectives Chapter 14
Objectives Overview

See Page 719 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 3

for Detailed Objectives Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?
• Enterprise computing involves the use of computers in networks,
such as LANs and WANs, or a series of interconnected networks
that encompass a variety of different operating systems, protocols,
and network architectures

Pages 720 – 721 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 4

Figure 14-1 Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Types of enterprises include:

Page 722 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 5

Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Most traditional enterprises are organized in a

hierarchical manner

Pages 722 – 723 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 6

Figure 14-2 Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• In an enterprise, users typically fall into one of

four categories:

Page 724 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 7

Figure 14-3 Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Enterprise information is the information

gathered in the ongoing operations of an
enterprise-sized organization
– Business intelligence
– Business process management
– Business process automation

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Pages 725 - 726 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 8
Chapter 14
What Is Enterprise Computing?

• Managers coordinate resources by performing

four activities

Page 725 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 9

Figure 14-4 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• An information system is a set of hardware,

software, data, people, and procedures that work
together to produce information

Page 726 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 10

Figure 14-5 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Functional units within an enterprise might

include:

Page 727 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 11

Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Accounting software manages everyday transactions

• Billing software helps the company reconcile purchases
with customer payments
• Financial software helps managers budget, forecast, and
analyze

Pages 726 – 728 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 12

Figure 14-7 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• A human resources
information system (HRIS)
manages one or more
human resources functions
• Employee relationship
management systems
manage communication
between employees and
the business

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Page 728 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 13
Figure 14-8 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Computer-aided design (CAD) uses a computer and

special software to aid in engineering, drafting, and
design
• Computer-aided engineering (CAE) uses computers to
test product designs

Pages 728 – 729 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 14

Figure 14-9 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise
• Computer-aided
manufacturing (CAM) is
the use of computers to
control production
equipment
• Computer-integrated
manufacturing (CIM) uses
computers to integrate
the many different
operations of the
manufacturing process

Page 729 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 15

Figure 14-10 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

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then click MRP II
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Pages 729 - 730 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 16
Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

Page 730 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 17

Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Sales force automation (SFA) software equips

traveling salespeople with the electronic tools
they need to be more productive

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then click SFA
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Pages 730 – 731 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 18
Figure 14-12 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Distribution systems perform the following

functions:

Page 731 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 19

Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Customer interaction management (CIM)

software manages the day-to-day interactions
with customers

Page 731 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 20

Figure 14-13 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• The information technology (IT) department makes

technology decisions for the enterprise
– Whether to build or buy new information systems
– When a computer or information system has outlived its useful
life
• Web site management programs collect data designed to
help organizations make informed decisions regarding
their Web presence
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Page 732 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 21
Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• General purpose information systems generally

fall into one of five categories

Page 732 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 22

Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

• Batch processing vs. online transaction processing

Page 733 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 23

Figure 14-14 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

Management Information System Decision Support System

Pages 734 – 725 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 24

Figures 14-15 – 14-16 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

Page 736 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 25

Figure 14-17 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

Pages 737 - 739 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 26

Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

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Page 738 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 27
Figure 14-18 Chapter 14
Information Systems in the Enterprise

Page 739 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 28

Figure 14-19 Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• Some technologies used in enterprises include:

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Page 740 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 29
Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A portal is a collection of links, content, and
services presented on a Web page that are
interesting for a particular job function

Pages 740 – 741 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 30

Figure 14-20 Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A data warehouse is a huge database that stores
and manages the data required to analyze
historical and current transactions

Page 741 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 31

Figure 14-21 Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies

Page 742 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 32

Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• Web services allow businesses to create products
and B2B interactions over the Internet

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Pages 742 – 743 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 33
Figure 14-22 Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• In a service-oriented architecture, information
systems provide services to other information
systems in a well-defined manner over a network
• A document management system (DMS) allows
for storage and management of a company’s
documents
– Stored in a repository

Page 743 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 34

Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A workflow is a defined process that identifies the
specific set of steps involved in completing a
particular project or business process
– Workflow application

Page 744 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 35

Figure 14-23 Chapter 14
Enterprise-Wide Technologies and
Methodologies
• A virtual private network (VPN) provides mobile
users, vendors, and customers with a secure
connection to the company network server

Pages 744 – 745 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 36

Figure 14-24 Chapter 14
Virtualization and Cloud Computing

• Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling

computing resources

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Pages 745 - 746 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 37
Chapter 14
Virtualization and Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is an
Internet service that
provides computing
needs to computer
users

Grid computing combines

many servers and/or personal
computers on a network to act
as one large computer

Page 746 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 38

Chapter 14
E-Commerce

Page 747 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 39

Figure 14-25 Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• Enterprise hardware allows large organizations to

manage and store information and data using
devices geared for:
– Heavy use
– Maximum availability
– Maximum efficiency
• RAID duplicates data and
implements duplication
in different ways

Pages 748 – 749 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 40

Figure 14-27 Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• Network attached storage (NAS) is a server that

provides storage to users and information systems
attached to the network

Page 749 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 41

Figure 14-28a Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• A storage area network (SAN) is a high-speed

network that provides storage to other servers to
which it is attached

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Pages 749 - 750 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 42
Figure 14-28b Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• An enterprise storage
system is a strategy that
focuses on the
availability, protection,
organization, and
backup of storage in a
company
• Goal is to consolidate
storage

Page 750 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 43

Figure 14-29 Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• A blade server packs a

complete computer
server on a single card
(called a blade) rather
than a system unit
• The individual blades
insert in a blade server
chassis
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Page 751 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 44
Figure 14-30 Chapter 14
Enterprise Hardware

• A thin client is a small terminal-like computer that

mostly relies on a server for data storage and
processing
• The processing for a thin client usually is done on
a server

Page 752 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 45

Figure 14-31 Chapter 14
High Availability, Scalability,
and Interoperability
• A high-availability system continues running and
performing tasks for at least 99 percent of the
time
– May include hot-swapping
and redundant components
• When a component fails, another
component takes over and the
system continues to function

Pages 752 – 753 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 46

Figure 14-32 Chapter 14
High Availability, Scalability,
and Interoperability
• Scalability is a measure • Interoperability is the
of how well computer ability for an
hardware, software, or information system to
an information system share information with
can grow to meet other information
increasing performance systems within an
demands enterprise

Page 753 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 47

Chapter 14
Backup Procedures

Page 754 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 48

Figure 14-33 Chapter 14
Backup Procedures

• Continuous data protection provides automatic

data backup whenever data is changed in an
enterprise

Pages 754 – 755 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 49

Figure 14-34 Chapter 14
Backup Procedures

• A disaster recovery plan is a written plan describing the

steps a company would take to restore computer
operations in the event of a disaster
• Contains four major components

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then click Disaster Recovery Plan
below Chapter 14
Pages 755 - 756 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 50
Chapter 14
Video: A Tour of Lucasfilm Data Center

CLICK TO START

Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 51

Chapter 14
Summary

Page 757 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 52

Chapter 14
Discovering
Computers 2010
Living in a Digital World

Chapter 14 Complete