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Types of Information Systems: IT Challenges and Opportunities Ethical Responsibilities and IT Careers

Operations support systems efficiently process transactions, control industrial processes, support communication and collaboration, and update corporate databases. Management support systems provide managers with information reports and displays to support decision making. Common operations support systems include transaction processing systems, process control systems, and enterprise collaboration systems. Management support systems include management information systems, decision support systems, and executive information systems.

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70 views

Types of Information Systems: IT Challenges and Opportunities Ethical Responsibilities and IT Careers

Operations support systems efficiently process transactions, control industrial processes, support communication and collaboration, and update corporate databases. Management support systems provide managers with information reports and displays to support decision making. Common operations support systems include transaction processing systems, process control systems, and enterprise collaboration systems. Management support systems include management information systems, decision support systems, and executive information systems.

Uploaded by

haleem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Types of Information Systems

IT challenges and opportunities


Ethical responsibilities and IT careers
Types of Information Systems
• Operations Support Systems
– Efficiently process business transactions
– Control industrial processes
– Support communication and collaboration
– Update corporate databases
• Management Support Systems
– Provide information as reports and displays
– Give direct computer support to managers during
decision-making

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Purposes of Information Systems

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Operations Support Systems
• What do they do?
– Efficiently process business transactions
– Control industrial processes
– Support communications and collaboration
– Update corporate databases
Types of Operations Support Systems
• Transaction Processing Systems
– Record and process business transactions
– Examples: sales processing, inventory systems,
accounting systems
• Process Control Systems
– Monitor and control physical processes
– Example: using sensors to monitor chemical
processes in a petroleum refinery
• Enterprise Collaboration Systems
– Enhance team and workgroup communication
– Examples: email, video conferencing

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Two Ways to Process Transactions
• Batch Processing
– Accumulate transactions over time and
process periodically
– Example: a bank processes all checks
received in a batch at night
• Online Processing
– Process transactions immediately
– Example: a bank processes an ATM
withdrawal immediately

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Management Support Systems
• What do they do?
– Provide information and support for
effective decision making by managers
• Management information systems
• Decision support systems
• Executive information systems

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Types of Management Support
Systems
• Management Information Systems (MIS)
– Reports and displays
– Example: daily sales analysis reports
• Decision Support Systems (DSS)
– Interactive and ad hoc support
– Example: a what-if analysis to determine where to
spend advertising dollars
• Executive Information Systems (EIS)
– Critical information for executives and managers
– Example: easy access to actions of competitors

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Other Information Systems
• Expert Systems
– Provide expert advice
– Example: credit application advisor
• Knowledge Management Systems
– Support creation, organization, and
dissemination of business knowledge
throughout company
– Example: intranet access to best business
practices

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Other Information Systems
• Strategic Information Systems
– Help get a strategic advantage over
customer
– Examples: shipment tracking, e-commerce
Web systems
• Functional Business Systems
– Focus on operational and managerial
applications of basic business functions
– Examples: accounting, finance, or marketing

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IT Challenges and Opportunities

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Measuring IT Success
• Efficiency
– Minimize cost, time, and use of information
resources
• Effectiveness
– Support business strategies
– Enable business processes
– Enhance organizational structure and
culture
– Increase customer and business value

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Developing IS Solutions

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Challenges and Ethics of IT
• Application of IT
– Customer relationship management
– Human resources management
– Business intelligence systems
• Potential Harm
– Infringements on privacy
– Inaccurate information
– Collusion

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Challenges and Ethics of IT
• Potential Risks
– Consumer boycotts
– Work stoppages
– Government intervention
• Possible Responses
– Codes of ethics
– Incentives
– Certification

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Ethical Responsibilities
• What uses of IT might be considered
improper or harmful to other individuals
or society?
• What is the proper business use of the
Internet
or a company’s IT resources?
• How can you protect yourself from
computer crime?

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IT Careers
• Economic downturns have affected all job
sectors, including IT
• Rising labor costs are pushing jobs to India,
the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific countries
• However, IT employment opportunities are
strong, with new jobs emerging daily
• Shortages of IT personnel are frequent
• The long-term job outlook is positive and
exciting

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IT Careers

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IT Careers
• Job increases will be driven by…
– Rapid growth in computer system design and
related services
– The need to backfill positions
– Information sharing and client/server
environments
– The need for those with problem-solving skills
– Falling hardware and software prices, which will
fuel expanded computerization of operations

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The IS Function
• The IS function is…
– A major functional area of business
– An important contributor to operational efficiency,
employee productivity, morale, customer service and
satisfaction
– A major source of information and support for
decision making
– A vital ingredient in developing competitive products
and services in the global marketplace
– A dynamic and challenging career opportunity
– A key component of today’s networked business

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