Kurt Brown Presents:
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Geometry
Transformations
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8th Grade Geometry
(10) Two-dimensional shapes. The student applies mathematical process standards to
develop transformational geometry concepts. The student is expected to:
(A) generalize the properties of orientation and congruence of rotations, reflections,
translations, and dilations of two-dimensional shapes on a coordinate plane;
(B) differentiate between transformations that preserve congruence and those that do not;
(C) explain the effect of translations, reflections over the x- or y-axis, and rotations limited to
90°, 180°, 270°, and 360° as applied to two-dimensional shapes on a coordinate plane using
an algebraic representation; and
(D) model the effect on linear and area measurements of dilated two-dimensional shapes.
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What is a transformation?
A geometric transformation is the taking of a preimage and
transforming it in some way to create an image.
There are four main methods of transformation: dilation,
translation, reflection, and rotation.
Each of these transformations will be discussed in this
presentation.
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Dilation w/ Example
Dilation is making an two-dimensional object on
a flat surface larger or smaller.
To make larger or smaller you simply multiply
your coordinates by your proportion.
A number larger than one will make the object
larger and a number smaller than one will make
it smaller. Smaller numbers are usually
represented by fractions.
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Get Interactive: Dilation
For your chance to play with dilations go to the link below:
https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/resizing.html
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Translation
Translation in geometry is easy! All you have to do is move your
two-dimensional object up, down, left, or right on your grid!
Left and Right: Movement along the x-axis. A positive translation
moves to the right and a negative moves left.
Up and Down: Movement along the y-axis. A positive translation
moves up and a negative translation moves down.
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Translation Example
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Get Interaction: Translation
For your chance to play with translations go to the link below:
https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/translation.html
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Reflection
Reflection is flipping your preimage across a line.
Your line can be the x or y axis or other lines on your grid such
as x=2 or y=7.
If it is a line not on the axis such as x=(any number) that just
means it is the line where all x coordinates would be equal to
that number or y coordinates would be equal to the number if it
is y= (any number).
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Reflection Example
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Get Interactive: Reflections
For your chance to play with reflections go to the link below:
https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/reflection.html
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Rotations
Rotation is moving your object around a fixed point on your grid
which is usually the point of origin (0,0).
Rotations of less than 0 degrees go clockwise and rotations of
greater than 0 degrees go counterclockwise.
If your rotation is 180 degrees you only need to change the
positive or negative sign of your coordinates.
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Rotation Example
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Get Interactive: Rotations
For your chance to play with rotations go to the link below:
https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/rotation.html
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