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5.4 Understanding Lenses 1

The document discusses the refraction of light through convex and concave lenses. It explains that convex lenses converge parallel rays to a focal point, while concave lenses diverge parallel rays. Ray diagrams are presented to show how the image characteristics such as position, size, and orientation depend on the lens type and object distance. The image formed by a convex lens can be real or virtual, upright or inverted, and magnified or diminished. A concave lens always forms a virtual, upright and diminished image.

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Nur Aliyah Abdul Razak
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137 views11 pages

5.4 Understanding Lenses 1

The document discusses the refraction of light through convex and concave lenses. It explains that convex lenses converge parallel rays to a focal point, while concave lenses diverge parallel rays. Ray diagrams are presented to show how the image characteristics such as position, size, and orientation depend on the lens type and object distance. The image formed by a convex lens can be real or virtual, upright or inverted, and magnified or diminished. A concave lens always forms a virtual, upright and diminished image.

Uploaded by

Nur Aliyah Abdul Razak
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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REFRACTION OF LIGHT

Learning Outcomes
By the end of this subtopic, you will be able to
●Explain focal point and focal length,
●Determine the focal point and focal length of
a convex lens,
●Determine the focal length of a concave lens,
●Draw ray diagrams to show the positions and
characteristic of the image formed by a
convex lens,
●Draw ray diagrams to show the positions and
characteristic of the image formed by a
CONVEX LENSES CONCAVE LENSES

Thicker at the centre of lens Thinner at the centre of lens


Focal point and Focal Length of a Lens
Convex Lens

Parallel rays
passing through a
convex lens

Parallel rays are


converged by a
convex lens
Focal point and Focal Length of a Lens
Concave Lens

Parallel rays
passing through a
concave lens

Parallel rays are


diverged by a
concave lens
u > 2f

2 F F 2
F F

1.The ray parallel to the principal axis is Characteristic:


refracted through the focus point ● Real
● Inverted
2.A ray passing through the optical
centre travels straight without bending
● diminished
The point of intersection is the position of the image
u=f

2 F F 2
F F

1.The ray parallel to the principal axis is Characteristic:


refracted through the focus point ● Virtual
● Upright
2.A ray passing through the optical
centre travels straight without bending
● Magnified
u<f

2 F F 2
F F

1.The ray parallel to the principal axis is Characteristic:


refracted through the focus point ● Virtual
● Upright
2.A ray passing through the optical
centre travels straight without bending
● Magnified
2 F F 2
F F

1.The parallel to the principle axis is


refracted as if appear coming from
Characteristic: focus point which is located at same
● Virtual side of the incident ray
● Upright
● Diminished 2. A ray passing through the optical
centre travels straight on without
The point of intersectionbending
is the position of the image
Characteristic Convex Lens Concave Lens
Size Smaller than the
object
Image
Depends on Virtual
the object Upright
Position
distance
Distance Between object and
lens

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