Logical
Standby
Julian Dyke
Independent Consultant
Web Version
1 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Logical
Standby
2 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Standby Database
ARCH Redo Transmission
Primary Database Standby Database
Primary MRP Standby
Database LGWR RFS Database
LSP
Online Standby
Redo Redo
Log Log
ARC0 ARC1 ARCn
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1
Archived Archived
Redo Redo
Logs Logs
3 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Standby Database
LGWR (ASYNC) Redo Transmission
Primary Database Standby Database
Primary MRP Standby
Database LGWR RFS Database
LSP
Online Standby
Redo LNSn Redo
Log Log
ARCn ARCn
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1
Archived Archived
Redo Redo
Logs Logs
4 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Standby Database
LGWR (SYNC) Redo Transmission
Primary Database Standby Database
Primary MRP Standby
Database LGWR LNSn RFS Database
LSP
Online Standby
Redo Redo
Log Log
ARCn ARCn
LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1
Archived Archived
Redo Redo
Logs Logs
5 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Logical Standby
Preparation
Used two separate servers
london1 and reading1
Used DBCA to create one database on primary server
PRIMARY
Archiving must be enabled
NOLOGGING must be disabled
SQL> ALTER DATABASE FORCE LOGGING;
Installed SCOTT/TIGER schema
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlsampl.sql
Created physical standby on reading1
6 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Preparation
On both servers, configure TNSNAMES.ORA
LONDON =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = london1)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = LONDON)
)
)
READING =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = reading1)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = READING)
)
)
7 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Preparation
On primary server create backup location
mkdir /u01/oradata/PRIMARY/backup;
On primary server run RMAN to backup database
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman NOCATALOG TARGET sys/oracle@PRIMARY
In RMAN configure backup
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO
'/u01/oradata/PRIMARY/backup/%F';
CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1 DEVICE TYPE DISK CONNECT 'sys/oracle@PRIMARY';
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO
'/u01/app/oracle/admin/PRIMARY/backup/snapcf_PRIMARY.f';
8 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Preparation
In RMAN backup database
BACKUP
FORMAT '/u01/oradata/PRIMARY/backup/%d_D_%T_%u_s%s_p%p'
DATABASE;
In RMAN create controlfile for standby database
BACKUP CURRENT CONTROLFILE FOR STANDBY
FORMAT '/u01/oradata/PRIMARY/backup/%d_C_%U';
In RMAN switch and archive current online redo log
SQL "ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT";
In RMAN backup archived redo logs
BACKUP
FILESPERSET 10
ARCHIVELOG ALL
FORMAT '/u01/oradata/PRIMARY/backup/%d_A_%T_%u_s%s_p%p';
9 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Preparation
On standby server create administrative directories
$ mkdir $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PRIMARY;
$ mkdir $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PRIMARY/adump;
$ mkdir $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PRIMARY/bdump;
$ mkdir $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PRIMARY/cdump;
$ mkdir $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PRIMARY/dpdump;
$ mkdir $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PRIMARY/pfile;
$ mkdir $ORACLE_BASE/admin/PRIMARY/udump;
On standby server create database location
$ mkdir /u01/oradata/PRIMARY
On standby server create archived redo log location
$ mkdir /u01/oradata/PRIMARY/arch
On standby server create backup location
$ mkdir /u01/oradata/PRIMARY/backup;
10 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Preparation
On standby server create password file
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/orapwd \
file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwPRIMARY \
password=oracle \
Copy SPFILE from primary to standby
scp london1:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfilePRIMARY.ora \
reading1:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
Note - initPRIMARY.ora is not required on either server
11 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Configuration
On primary server set parameters
ALTER SYSTEM SET db_unique_name = LONDON
SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_1 =
'LOCATION=/u01/oradata/PRIMARY/arch'
SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_2 = 'SERVICE=READING
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=READING'
SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET fal_client = LONDON
SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET fal_server = READING
SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET standby_file_management = AUTO
SCOPE = SPFILE;
Restart the instance
12 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Configuration
On standby server configure LISTENER.ORA
SID_LIST_LISTENER_SERVER4 =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = PRIMARY)
)
)
Reload the listener
$ lsnrctl reload
Start the standby instance (NOMOUNT)
$ export ORACLE_SID=PRIMARY
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> startup nomount
13 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Configuration
On standby server set parameters
ALTER SYSTEM SET db_unique_name = READING
SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_1 =
'LOCATION=/u01/oradata/PRIMARY/arch'
SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_2 = 'SERVICE=LONDON
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=LONDON'
SCOPE=SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET fal_client = READING
SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET fal_server = LONDON
SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET standby_file_management = AUTO
SCOPE = SPFILE;
Restart the instance
14 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Configuration
On primary server run RMAN connecting to standby server as
AUXILIARY
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman NOCATALOG TARGET / AUXILIARY
sys/oracle@"(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=reading1)
(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=PRIMARY)))"
Run the following command to clone the database backup on
the standby server
RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY DORECOVER
NOFILENAMECHECK;
15 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Physical Standby
Configuration
On standby server restart the instance
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
SQL> STARTUP NOMOUNT
Mount the standby database
SQL> ALTER DATABASE MOUNT STANDBY DATABASE;
Start managed recovery
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE
DISCONNECT FROM SESSION;
16 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Logical Standby
Configuration
On standby server cancel managed recovery
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE CANCEL;
On primary server modify the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2
parameter
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET
log_archive_dest_2 = 'SERVICE=READING
VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,STANDBY_ROLE)
DB_UNIQUE_NAME=READING'
SCOPE=SPFILE;
17 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Logical Standby
Configuration
On primary server build the logical standby dictionary
SQL> EXECUTE LOGSTDBY.BUILD;
For a default database this generated about 8MB redo and
updated the following objects:
SYS.LOGMNRG_SEED$ SYS.LOGMNRG_TYPE$
SYS.LOGMNRG_DICTIONARY$ SYS.LOGMNRG_COLTYPE$
SYS.LOGMNRG_OBJ$ SYS.LOGMNRG_ATTRIBUTE$
SYS.LOGMNRG_TAB$ SYS.LOGMNRG_LOB$
SYS.LOGMNRG_COL$ SYS.LOGMNRG_CDEF$
SYS.LOGMNRG_ATTRCOL$ SYS.LOGMNRG_CCOL$
SYS.LOGMNRG_TS$ SYS.LOGMNRG_ICOL$
SYS.LOGMNRG_IND$ SYS.LOGMNRG_LOGFRAG$
SYS.LOGMNRG_USER$ SYS.LOGMNRG_INDPART$
SYS.LOGMNRG_TABPART$ SYS.LOGMNRG_BUILDLOG
18 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Logical Standby
Configuration
On standby server enable recovery and change the name of
the standby database
SQL> ALTER DATABASE RECOVER TO LOGICAL STANDBY standby;
On standby server create a new password file
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwSTANDBY \
password=oracle
On standby server restart the instance and reset the logs
SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
SQL> STARTUP
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
On standby server start SQL apply
SQL> ALTER DATABASE START LOGICAL STANDBY APPLY;
19 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
Thank you for your interest
[email protected]
20 © 2006 Julian Dyke juliandyke.com
