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Types of Memory

RAM is volatile memory that temporarily holds programs and data for processing, while ROM permanently stores programs and data even when power is off. There are two main types of memory: RAM and ROM. RAM comes in static and dynamic forms, while ROM includes permanent forms like PROM and masked memory, as well as semi-permanent forms like EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory that can be electrically reprogrammed without removing from the computer. Memory is used across many digital devices from computers to appliances.

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Antaripa Bhuyan
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136 views

Types of Memory

RAM is volatile memory that temporarily holds programs and data for processing, while ROM permanently stores programs and data even when power is off. There are two main types of memory: RAM and ROM. RAM comes in static and dynamic forms, while ROM includes permanent forms like PROM and masked memory, as well as semi-permanent forms like EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory that can be electrically reprogrammed without removing from the computer. Memory is used across many digital devices from computers to appliances.

Uploaded by

Antaripa Bhuyan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONTENTS

 Memory
 Types of memory
A. RAM
B. ROM
a) Types of RAM
b) Types of ROM

Uses of memory
Conclusion
MEMORY
 memory refers to the physical devices used to store programs
or data on a temporary or permanent basis for use in a
computer or other digital electronic device.
 Main memory consists
of a number of storage
locations, each of which
is identified by a
unique address

The ability of the CPU to


identify each location is
known as its
addressability
There are two types of main memory

1.Random Access
Memory (RAM)

2.Read Only
Memory (ROM)
Random Access Memory (RAM)
holds its data as long as the computer is switched on

All data in RAM is lost when the computer is switched off

Described as being volatile

It is direct access as it can be both written to or read from in any order

Its purpose is to temporarily hold programs and data for processing. In modern
computers it also holds the operating system
Types of RAM
1.Static Random Access Memory
(SRAM)

Doesn’t need refreshing


Retains contents as long as power applied to
the chip
Access time around 10 nanoseconds
Used for cache memory
Also for date and time settings as powered by
small battery
Types of RAM
2.Dynamic Random Access Memory
(DRAM)
.Contents are constantly refreshed 1000 times
per second
High density and low power consumption
• Cheaper
Read only memory (ROM)

ROM holds programs and data permanently even when


computer is switched off
Data can be read by the CPU in any order so ROM is also
direct access

The contents of ROM are fixed at the time of manufacture


TYPES OF
ROM
In this memory once a bit pattern is stored
,it is permanent or semi permanent…..
• PERMANENT
I. PROM
II. Masked memory
• Semi permanent
I. EPROM
II. EEPROM
III. Flash memory
Types of PERMANENT ROM

1. Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)


Empty of data when manufactured
May be permanently programmed by the user

2.Masked Memory
 Bit pattern is permanently recorded by masking and metalization process
 Expensive and specialized process
TYPES OF SEMI PARMANANENT ROM

1. Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM)

Can be programmed, erased and reprogrammed


The EPROM chip has a small window on top
allowing it to be erased by shining ultra-violet light
on it
Afterreprogramming the window is covered to
prevent new contents being erased
Types of ROM

2. Electrically
Erasable Programmable Read Only
Memory (EEPROM)
Reprogrammed electrically without using ultraviolet light
Must be removed from the computer and placed in a special machine
to do this
Access times between 45 and 200 nanoseconds

3. Flash ROM
Similar to EEPROM
However, can be reprogrammed while still in the computer
Easier to upgrade programs stored in Flash ROM
Used to store programs in devices e.g. modems
Memory is used in

 Computer
 Mobile
 Printer
 Digital Camera
 CD/DVD Player
 Many other appliances like TV, Washing Machine, Oven,
Digital Diaries etc.
Conclusion
 When deciding which type of RAM
to use, a system designer must
consider access time and cost.
 Different memory types serve
different purposes. Each memory
type has its strengths and
weaknesses.
THANK YOU

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