Music in
indonesia
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Indonesia is
an
archipelago in
Southeast
Asia
comprising
approximately
17, 500
islands.
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With over 238
million,
Indonesia is
the world’s
fourth most
populous
country and is
the fourth
biggest nation
of the world.
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Contemporary Music
Today, the contemporary music of
Indonesia is popular not only in the region
but also in the neighboring countries.
Indonesian Music, the music of the
peoples of the islands of the Indonesian
Archipelago.
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Generally, these gong-and-drum
ensembles accompany ritual and religious
activities.
Throughout the islands, historical and
religious epics are sung, and they are often
accompanied by a stringed instrument or a
flute.
Another common element is the belief
that music is a means of communicating
with unseen powers.
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There are two basic kinds of
Indonesian Music Scale
1. Slendro – has five notes with equal
distance per octave.
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2. Pelog – has seven pitches per octave.
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Gamelan music
The GAMELAN MUSIC when heard
is POLYPHONIC it’s because they used
the common technique in playing the
gongs which is interlocking or inter-
connecting of sounds.
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TEMPO is a very popular Italian term
used in music. It means TIME or the
timing of the song, the flow, or the beat.
In Indonesia, tempo is called IRAMA.
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The Gamelan Orchestra – is the most
popular form of music in indonesia. The
word gamelan comes from the javanese
word gamel, which means a hammer.
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• The main instruments in the gamelan
orchestra :
– Gongs
– Bronze Xylophones
– Drums
– Flutes
– Zithers
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GONGS
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Bronzexylophones
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drums
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Flutes
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zithers
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The gamelan performs both in an
instrumental role as well as in supportive
role for dance and puppet performance.
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Vocal Music is usually
important with gamelan but its
role is for ornamentation
purposes only of the gamelan.
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Types of vocal music
The most common interpretation of musical
composition is SINGING.
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1. PEDINDHEN – is a
female soloist singer
who sings with a
gamelan.
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2. GERONG – this refers to the unison
male chorus that sings with the gamelan.
3. BERONG BECAYAN – this is a mixed
chorus.
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Three major gamelan styles in
indonesia
It is based on :
1. Sundanese Culture
2. Central Javanese Culture
3. Balinese Culture
The BALINESE form, gamelan gong
kebyar, has a faster tempo than the others.
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Traditional gamelan of bali
The Island of BALI has a long and rich
tradition of gamelan music. The gamelan
is a large ensemble, consisting up to 40
musicians playing varying sizes of gongs,
xylophones, and drums. It performs for
traditional occasions and ceremonies.
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The Gong Gede – is the oldest and largest
of the gamelan orchestras in BALI.
- it was also used to
accompany ritual dances and war dances.
Today, nearly every village has at least
one gamelan orchestra.
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Music in BALI – Culture of the
Balinese
The people of Bali hold a special place
in their heart for music and traditional
Balinese gamelan has won fans around the
globe.
The origins of Balinese music are said
to be traced back to java around 230 AD. It
is said to have been originally developed in
Java as a means to summon the gods.
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Function of Music
Balinese gamelan is closely associated with
the local religious tradition – therefore
this music is performed during:
1. Important religious ceremony
2. Rituals
3. Feasts
4. Wedding Ceremony
5. Balinese shadow puppet shows (wayang
kulit)
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Balinese Gamelan
Instruments
1. CENG CENG
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2. GONGS
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3. GANGSAS
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4. KENDANG
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5. REYONG
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6. TROMPONG
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7. REBAB
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CLASSICAL GAMELAN OF
JAVA
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KARAWITAN – is the term used for every
kind of gamelan music in Java.
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FUNCTIONS OF GAMELAN
ORCHESTRAS
1. They are used to accompany dances and
Wayang kulit (Puppet shadow).
2. They are believed to possesssupernatural
powers.
3. Their instruments are considered sacred
therefore stepping over the instrument is asign
of disrespect.
4. The musicians take a bow to their instruments
before they start playing to show respect.
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The chart below shows the
difference between Balinese and
Javanese Gamelan Orchestra
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• ANGKLUNG
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BURUNG KAKA TUA
Traditional folk song of Indonesia – this isan
Indonesian Song about a Parrot.
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