SMART SOLAR POWERED
VARIABLE PITCH AUTONOMOUS
SEED SOWING AND SPRAYING
MACHINE
• Presented by: Project guide
• Abhishek phulari Dr S.M.PISE
• Akshay sangle
• Aniket sathe
• Gaurav patil
• Omkar patole
Introduction
India is the land of villages. This being said the major
occupation of majority of villages in India is farming. With
recent advancements in engineering and technology,
there also have been changes in agricultural
technology and practices. Though there are
advancements people still follow old practices due to
the lack of money and high cost of technically
advanced agricultural equipment’s.
Introduction
Sowing is one of the basic operations needed to get
better revenue from agriculture. Farmers in India perform
agriculture mostly with manual operation. The pain
involved in doing each and every operation has to be
reduced by the way of introducing simple technology
which is not only user friendly to farmers but also is
economical for farmers to adopt. Thus this project deals
with design and fabrication of a smart seed sowing
machine which can sow seeds based on the pitch given
by the farmers
Objectives
1)The main objective of this project is to design and fabricate a
automated multipurpose agricultural machine which can automatically
sow seeds in the field based on variable pitch which is given as input by
the farmers using the buttons present on the machine.
2)To Implement the insecticide tank and spraying systems onto this vehicle
so that it can be used for insecticide spraying as well
3)To change the drop rate of seeds using adjustable hopper angle
4)Make this smart vehicle economical and user friendly for Indian farmers
to operate.
Methodology
The entire approach to the project can be divided into the following modules:
1)The Control System
2)Fabrication of chassis and drive train
3)The autonomous machine assembly
4) The Power Unit
5)The Seed sowing mechanism
6)The Insecticide spraying attachment
7)Assembly and testing
STANDARD COMPONENTS
USED IN THE MACHINE
Microcontroller :
The microcontroller used in this project is Arduino
Mega consisting of Atmega 2560.
Drive Train
• This project uses two 35 RPM high power DC geared
motors for the purpose of navigation.
• Technical specifications of the motor :
Sr.no parameter value
1 voltage 12
2 current 1.41
3 Shaft size 10mm
4 Gear type Heavy duty metal
Rotary encoders
• It is an electro-mechanical device.
• It converts the angular position or motion of shaft or axle
to an analog or digital code.
• Used to stop the robot.
• The rotary encoder used in this project is 6mm shaft 80PPR
rotary encoder
Keypad :
4*4 matrix keypad is used to enter the data to the seed
sowing robotic vehicle.
Solar panel :
This project uses a 20Watt 12V solar panel.
Sufficient to charge the battery.
Specifications :
Max Rated Power (Pmax) 20 Watts
Voltage at Max Power (Vmp) 17.3 Volts
Current at Max Power (Imp) 0.59 Amps
Open Circuit Voltage (Voc) 21.8 Volts
Short Circuit Current (Isc) 1.2 Amps
Servo Motor :
• The servo motor is used in this project to control the angle
of the hopper.
• This affects the seed dropping rate .
Insecticide spraying Pump for spraying :
• A 12 V dc pump is used to fetch the insecticides from the
sprayer and feed it to the nozzle.
• The specifications of the pump are as shown below:-
Rated Voltage : DC 9 V to 12V (1 amps)
Load current: 0.7A (Max)
Flow: 1.5 to 2 Ltr/min
Max Lift: 3m
Input/output tube diameter: outer 8.5mm, inner 6mm approx
Max Current: Up to 2 Amps while starting up.
Main Color: Silver Tone, White
Material : Metal, Plastic
Life: up to 2500 Hours
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The farmer initially inputs the pitch at which the machine is
expected to sow the seed using a numerical buttons provided
on the machine and initiates the seed sowing sequence. The
data input of the farmer is provided to the microcontroller
mounted in the machine which processes the input data.
Depending on the pitch the machine then moves through the
distance specified in the pitch. The distance is calculated using
rotary encoders. Then when the machine covers the respective
distance the machine stops to sow the seed. When the
machine stops the seed sowing mechanism is signaled to sow
the seed at required pitch.
Thus this forms an intelligent seed sowing mechanism over the
conventional methods of seed sowing.
The insecticide spraying system included onto the system can
be used to spray insecticides across the fields.
The diagram below shows all the connections made
to the microcontroller :
Fabrication work
Chassis fabrication
Base of vehicle Fixing bearings and shaft Welding work
Fixing spray tank Locating Solar panel Hopper fabrication
Working on electronics
After all welding work Servo motor and angle
control system
Of hopper controlling
system
conclusion
• Machine can vary the pitch.
• Completely automated motion based on solar energy so
saves labour cost, time, and lot of energy . Hence it is
easily affordable by farmers. So we feel that this project
serves something good to this world and we would like to
present it before this prosperous world.
Thank
You
