Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are the most
commonly used, effective, and reliable particulate
control devices; they are employed mostly in power
plants and other process industries.
The particle-laden flue gas from the boiler flows
through the ESP before it enters the environment
The ESP works as a cleaning device, using electrical
forces to separate the dust particles from the flue gas.
Need of ESP in plant
Emissions from process industries have been attracting
more attention because of the anticipation of upcoming
strict U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)
regulations.
Safety of workers in plant and life cycle near plant.
Remove dust (size grater than 2.5micron).
Working principles of ESP
Ionization - Charging of particles
Migration - Transporting the charged particles to the
collecting surfaces
Collection - Precipitation of the charged particles onto the
collecting surfaces
Working principles of ESP
Charge Dissipation - Neutralizing the charged particles
on the collecting surfaces
Particle Dislodging - Removing the particles from the
collecting surface to the hopper
Particle Removal - Conveying the particles from the
hopper to a disposal point
Design & Performance Requirements
Precipitator sizing the process is complex as each
precipitator manufacturer has a unique method of sizing.
Collecting Efficiency based on specific gas volume and dust
load, calculations are used to predict the required size of a
precipitator to achieve a desired collecting efficiency.
Increasing the Power Input improves precipitator
collecting efficiency under normal conditions.
Process Variables
The gas flow rate in a power plant is defined by coal quality,
boiler load, excess air rate and boiler design. Where there is no
combustion, the gas flow rate will have process-specific
determinants.
The size distribution in a power plant is defined by coal quality,
the coal mill settings and burner design. Particle size for non-
combustion processes will have similar determinants.
The resistivity of fly ash or other particles is influenced by the
chemical composition and the gas temperature.
Gas temperature
Reduced efficiency:- Soot deposited on the heating
surfaces of a boiler acts as a heat insulator. So, less
heat is transferred to the water and more heat is
wasted. This leads to higher fuel consumption.
Soot fires :- It can cause localized hotspots to occur
in the tubes. These hotspots may reach temperatures
that weaken the materials of the tubes.
Designed specifically to clean soot off convection
surfaces in Industrial boilers and heaters,
furnaces
Clean boiler / heater tubes required for optimum
output and efficiency.
Reduces boiler / heater downtime and increases
life.
Working
A soot blower may be
operated manually or by a
remotely controlled motor.
The soot, which is removed
from the heating surfaces,
will be blown out with the
flue gases.
If the boiler is equipped
with a dust collector, it will
trap the soot. Otherwise, the
soot will be ejected into the
outside air through the
chimney stack.
Rotary soot Blower
specifications
Effective Blowing Radius: 1 to 2 mts.
Blowing pipe rotational speed: 2 - 3 rpm
Max steam supply pressure: 21 kg/cm2
Retractable Soot Blower
This is normally
used to clean the ash
deposit from between
the coils of super
heaters and
economisers.
Specifications
Rotary Speed 4 to 12 rpm
Translatory Speed 1.2 to 3.6 mpm
Maximum Cleaning Radius 2000 mm
Maximum Lance Length 7500 mm
Operation :
The lance tube with four high-performance nozzles is helically passed over the flue gas path.
The blowing process begins as soon as the 4 nozzles have passed through the boiler wall.
Required superheated / saturated steam with desired Pressure cleans entire area in High Temp. Zone.
The Lance element travels the desired length with steam blowing and again retracts back in anticlockwise direction
of rotation with steam blowing. Travel length is controlled by 2 nos. heavy duty limit switches.
Cleaned with conventional sootblower
Cleaned with the advanced long
not engineered for fuel-specific deposit
retractable sootblower
formation
• The nozzle head with two opposite
high-performance nozzles is axially
moved into the boiler.
• The blowing process begins as soon as
the nozzle head has reached the
blowing position.
• During this process the tube wall is
cleaned in circular form.
• A special control of the valve also
enables cleaning of specific segments.
• After performing the necessary number
of rotations the nozzle head returns to
its starting position.
