PARKING CONGESTION AND ITS SOLUTIONS:

A CASE STUDY ON TILAK ROAD IN TIRUPATI

ABSTRACT
Parking is one of the major problems that is
created by the increasing road traffic. It is an impact of
transport development. We are selected one of the
parking congested areas in Tirupati.

In this study various parking patterns, parking

methodology and parking data collection is carried
out. Based on parking survey, we will calculate parking
accumulation curve.

Finally, based on our parking survey & its

characteristics, we will suggest alternative solutions to
control parking congestion and also reduce the
accident rates.
STUDY AREA
 We are selected one of the parking congested
area in Tirupati (Tilak road).
 Tirupati is temple city and one of the fast

developing cities in India.

 As of 2011 census, it had a population of

3,74,260.
TYPES OF PARKING
PARKING TERMINOLOGY
A Space-Hour : is a unit of parking that defines
the use of a single parking space for a period of
1hour.

PARKING VOLUME: is the total number of vehicles

parked at a given duration of time. This does not
account for repetition of vehicles. The actual volume
of vehicles entered in the area is recorded.
 PARKING ACCUMULATION : is defined
as the number of vehicles parked at a give
instant of time. Normally this is expressed
by accumulation curve. Accumulation curve
is the graph obtained by plotting the
number of bays occupied with respect to
time. vehicle hours to the number of
vehicles parked.
PARKING LOAD: gives the area under the accumulation
curve. It can also be obtained by simply multiplying the
number of vehicles occupying the parking area at each
time interval with the time interval. It is expressed as
vehicle hours.

AVERAGE PARKING DURATION: is the ratio of total

vehicle hours to the number of vehicles parked

Parking duration = parking load / parking volume

PARKING TURNOVER : is the ratio of number of
vehicles parked in duration to the number of
parking bays available.
Parking turnover = parking volume / no. of bays
available
This can be expressed as number of vehicles per
bay per time duration.
PARKING INDEX : is also called occupancy or
efficiency. It is defined as the ratio of number of
bays occupied in time duration to the total space
available. It gives an aggregate measure of how
effectively the parking space is utilized. Parking
index can be found out as follows
Parking index = (parking load / parking capacity)
X100
COLLECTION OF PARKING DATA
N o. of V ehic les Graphs showing Parking Accumulation Curve

60

50

40

30
Cycles
20 2 -wheelers
10 Cars
Auto Rickshaw
0
12:00 PM

2:00 PM

3:00 PM

4:00 PM

5:00 PM

6:00 PM
8:00 AM

9:00 AM

10:00 AM

11:00 AM

Time

N o. o f V ehic les
On 20-02-2019 (Wednesday)

70
60
50
40
30 Cycles
20 2 -wheelers
10
Cars
0
12:15 PM Auto Rickshaw

2:30 PM

3:45 PM

5:00 PM

6:15 PM
8:30 A M

9:45 A M

11:00 A M

Ti me

On 21-02-2019 (Thursday)
 N o. o f V ehic les
70
60
50
40
30 Cycles
20 2 -wheelers
10
Cars
0
Auto Rickshaw
12:15 PM

2:30 PM

3:45 PM

5:00 PM

6:15 PM
8:30 A M

9:45 A M

11:00 A M

Time

On 22-02-2019 (Friday)

N o . o f V ehic les
N o. o f V ehic les

80
30 70
60
25
50
20 40
15 30
Cycles
20
10 Cycles 2 -wheelers
10
5 2 -wheelers 0 Auto Rickshaw
8:00 A M

9:15 A M

10:30 A M

11:45 A M

2:00 PM

3:15 PM

4:30 PM

5:45 PM
0 Auto Rickshaw
2:00 PM

3:15 PM

4:30 PM

5:45 PM
8:00 A M

9:15 A M

10:30 A M

11:45 A M

Time
Time
On 24-02-2019 (Sunday)
On 23-02-2019 (Saturday)
 Graph showing Parking Accumulation Curve
in Different Days
N o. of V ehic les in PCU

40

35

30

25

20 20-02-2019 (Wed)
21-02-2019 (Thur)
15 22-02-2019 (Fri)
23-02-2019 (Sat)
10
24-02-2019 (Sun)

0
8:00 AM

8:45 AM

9:30 AM

10:15 AM

11:00 AM

11:45 AM

1:30 PM

2:15 PM

3:00 PM

3:45 PM

4:30 PM

5:15 PM

6:00 PM
Time
Graph showing Parking Accumulation Curve
in Friday , Saturday & Sunday

N o. o f V eh ic les in PC U

40

35

30

25

20

22-02-2019 (Fri)
15
23-02-2019 (Sat)
24-02-2019 (Sun)
10

0
8:00 AM

8:45 AM

9:30 AM

10:15 AM

11:00 AM

11:45 AM

1:30 PM

2:15 PM

3:00 PM

3:45 PM

4:30 PM

5:15 PM

6:00 PM
Ti me
 24-02-2019 (Sun)
23-02-2019 (Sat)
22-02-2019 (Fri)
Curve in Different Days Only 2 Wheelers
Graph showing Parking Accumulation

6 :3 0 P M
6 :0 0 P M
(including Bicycles)

5 :3 0 P M
5 :0 0 P M
4 :3 0 P M
4 :0 0 P M
3 :3 0 P M
3 :0 0 P M
2 :3 0 P M
2 :0 0 P M

Ti me
1 :3 0 P M
1 2 :0 0 P M
1 1 :3 0 A M
1 1 :0 0 A M
1 0 :3 0 A M
1 0 :0 0 A M
9 :3 0 A M
9 :0 0 A M
8 :3 0 A M
8 :0 0 A M

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
N o . o f 2 - W h eelers in c lu d in g Bic y c le
CONCLUSION
 From the above discussion based on graph, it
has been pointed out that more the number of
vehicles and it need more parking spaces.