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UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, BAGALKOT

K.R.C. COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE,

ARABHAVI

DEPARTMENT OF FLORICULTURE AND LANDSCAPE

ARCHITECTURE
COURSE: PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES OF CUT FLOWERS
FLA 502[2+1]

TOPIC: ALSTROMERIA
SUBMITTED To :
Dr. B. C. Patil
professor and Head Department of FLA
K.R.C.C.H-Arabhavi

SUBMITTED BY:
SANIYA
Jr. M.Sc (Horti) FLA
UHS16PGM753
K.R.C.C.H. – Arabhavi
Batch [2016-17]
 INTRODUCTION
• Alstroemeria is still a relatively new
cut flower in the world market and
interest in it is continuously
growing.
• Its flower are beautiful and have very
long vase life.
• Alstroemeria, commonly called
the Peruvian Lily or Lily of the
Incas or Parrot Lily or New
Zelands Christmas Bell.
• In Dutch market it is most popular
cut flower and now gaining
importance in International market.
• Recently some efforts have been
made to popularize this flower in
India by Multinational companies.
• Alstroemeria symbolizes friendship and devotion,
and the twists in the flower symbolize the trials and
tribulations of friendships.
• Alstroemeria flower is also symbol
of wealth, prosperity and fortune.
• This crop is successfully grown on the hill areas of
Uttaranchal. Mid and high hill areas are very suitable
for growing
• Alstromeria is a typically a greenhouse crop, can be
grown in open under mild environment.
• It is potentially, low volume and high value crop for
hill horticulture.
USES
 BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION
• Kingdom-Plantae
• SuperDivision- Spermatophyta
• Division-Magnoliophyta
• Class-Liliopsida
• Order-Asparagales
• Family-Alstroemeriaceae
• Genus-Alstroemeria
• Genus Alstromeria consists of 60 species.
 SOME IMPORTANT SPECIES
• Alstroemeria aurea - Lily of the Incas.
• Alstroemeria aurantiaca – Peruvia Lily/Alstroemeria
Princess Lily
• Alstroemeria caryophyllacea - Brazilian Lily
• Alstroemeria hassteriana – Purple spot Parrot Lily
• Alstroemeria ligtu - Lily-of-the-Nile
• Alstroemeria prestiana - Lily of the Incas, White-edged
Peruvian Lily/White Alstroemeria
• Alstroemeria pulchella - Parrot Lily, Parrot Flower, Red
Parrot Beak, New Zealand Christmas Bell
 MORPHOLOGY
• Alstroemeria has underground rhizome, which develops
vertical shoots.
• The main rhizome can generate new lateral rhizomes that can
also produce flowering shoots.
• Above the soil , the stem does not generate any lateral
branches.
• The stem is arrow and the foliage is held in a horizontal
position.
• The leaves are parallel veined pale green, tend to curl under
the edge and drop at the ends.
• As the season progresses, the stem elongates and the leaves
look more twisted .
• Clusters of flower appear at the stem tips.
• There are different types of Alstroemeria:
(Orchid , Butterfly , Aurantica) but most common are
Hybrids.
 ORIGIN & DISTRIBUTION
• Alstroemeria is named in the honour of “Klas van
Alstroemer” who brought rhizomes of alstroemeria
to his tutor father of plant taxonomy Linneus in
1754.
• It is native of tropical America.
• Columbia is the number one in the world as far as
growing area of Alstromeria is concerned.
• The second and third positions are taken by
Netherlands and Japan, respectively
• Other producing countries are United Kingdom and
Italy.
 VARITAL WEALTH
• There are several types of Alstromeria available all over the
world.

SL No VARIETIES COLOU
R
1. Bordeaux ,Sangria, king Cardinal, Tiara, Visa , Symphonia, Red
Flamboya and Granada
2. Rosita, Cinderella, Bounty, Jessica, Alysia, Rebecca. Pink

3. King, Yellow Libellee, Goldfinger, Aladdin, Crystal, Lindia Yellow

4. Amanda, Monalisa, Sylvia, Victoria. White

5. Mandarine, Bambi, Lutea Orange

6. Azula, Jupitr, Purple sensation Purple

Hybrids:
 Alstroemeria Freedom
 Alstroemeria Glory of the Andes
 Alstromeria Sweet Laura
Slection
 Alstromeria psittacina variegata- from Brazilian species
The new Inca Collection bread by “Konst Alstroemeria B.V.” is a
break through in the presently dwarf alstromeria assortment.
 Inca Glow
 Inca Serin
 Inca Obsession
 Inca Adore
 Inca Exotica
 Inca Tropic
 CLIMATE
• Alstromeria prefers cool climate with partial shade.
• Ideal Temperature:
17- 22˚C- during day
14-17˚C- during night
• RH= 70-80% ideal
• Light = 3000-3500 lux/m squ

SOIL
• Can be grow in all type of soil from peat sandy to heavy clay
soils.
• But it likes slightly acidic soils.
• pH of 5.8-6.8 is ideal
• Ideal soil has to have one part each of Sphagnum moss: soil: sand.
 PROPAGATION
BY SEED
In case of seed propagation, it germinates poorly, erratically and
only 20% sprout and grow successfully. And they exhibit a lot of
genetic variability.
BY RHIZOMES
 Most of the cultivars of Alstromeria do not set seeds and are
commercially multiplied through division of rhizome.
 The pieces of Rhizomes of 2-4cm with apical bud should be
kept in mixture consisting of FYM, Soil and Perlite.
 The rhizomes can be stored for several months at 1-3˚C in
moist condition.
MICRO-PROPAGATION:
• Tissue culture method is good tool for higher multiplication
• The plants produced are virus free and healthy.
• M.S media is used for micro- propagation.
• Application of BA for multiplication and NAA for rooting of
Alstromeria in invitro is advised.
LAND PREPARATION
• Land should be ploughed thoroughly 3-4 times.
• After removing all the weeds and stone pieces it should be
leveled.
• The compost can be added, at time of land preparation @ of
10-15 tones/ha and mixed thoroughly in the soil.
MANURE AND FERTILIZERS
 FYM= 3-5Kg/msqu
 50-80 : 40-60 : 60-100 kg of N:P:K /ha given at 2 slpit doses.
• Half N + full P & K, as basal
• Half N at top dressing
PLANTING
• For planting, bed should be 20cm deep, as it should allow roots to
grow during the 3-4years production cycle.
• Planting density varies with cultivar and purpose.
• Optimum Spacing 40cm X 50cm
• The rhizomes are planted 7-10cm deep
• Optimum planting time
*North Indian hills-(Sep-Oct or Feb-March)
*South Indian Hills-(May-June or Nov-Dec)
• Green House planting
* Bed Height- 30cm
* Bed width-1.2m
* Row-Row- 40-50cm
* Spacing- 35cm X 40cm
* Two to four layers of support material are required, that is Netting
has opening of 20cmx17cm.
Irrigation
• Alstroemeria performs best when plants receives frequent,
fairly heavy watering, because most of roots are located in the
top layer of the soil.
• To keep soil medium moist beneficial for better growth,
flowering and development of rhizomes for which irrigation at
7-10 days interval ideal.
• Optimum watering in Alstroemeria is 1.5-2.0 liter water per
plant at weekly interval for quality flowers and yield.
Cultural Operation
Weed Control:
- Soil solarization
- Herbicidal treatment at 1.0-1.5liters/ha.
- Hoeing can also be done to eradicate the weeds
Mulching
- Mulching with Polythene sheet or dry grass has been found
beneficial in increasing the number of flowering shoots and
rhizomes.
Staking
- Galvanized or plastic wire mesh having a square of 20cm X 20cm
should be erected in 3 rows of 13cm height.
Pinching
- Plants should be pinched when ever we find blind shoot
- As well as old and damaged stems are thinned out regularly
Shading
-By reducing the amount of solar radiation is the greenhouse, quality
flowers can be produced. Shading upto 30% is beneficial for
production of flowers.
HARVESTING
Harvesting Index:
*For distant market- harvested when the buds are about to open
and start o develop colour.
*For local market- Harvesting done when first three flowers have
opened.
Harvesting Method:
• Harvesting done by means of cutting the flower stalk at length
of 40-50cm.
• The stems are harvested twice a week during winter and 3-4
times during summer.
YIELD
• The production level shows a wide range from 180-400
stems/msqa/ year.
• This depending on variety and production method followed.
POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT
• After harvesting flowers are placed in a solution GA3(100
ppm).
• Generally flowers of Alstroemeria are graded as per stem
length, strength, straightness and freedom from damage
• The minimum acceptable number of florets/ stem varies with
cultivar but it is typically 7-10.
PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDER
1. Flower abortion or Blasting:
It may be due to low light intensity or when roots get
damage by overwintering or by excessive salts in soil.
 PLANT PROTACTION
DISEASES
1. Damping off: Pythium sp
2. Stem rot: Rhizactonia spp
3. Grey Mould: Botrytis cinerea
INSECT PESTS
1. Aphid: Aphis gosypii
2. Whiteflies: Bemisia tabaci
RESEARCH PAPERS
 Constant Soil Temperature Influences
Flowering of Alstroemerias
Theo.j & Brian.D
• Horticultural Research Institute of Ontario, Vineland Station, Ont., L0R
2E0, Canada
• The effect of constant 16˚C and noncontrolled soil temperature on
flowering of four Alstroemeria cultivars grown in a greenhouse was
studied over 3 years.
• Soil temperature regime did not influence either the start or cessation
of flowering.
• During spring/summer, production was 15% lower under constant soil
temperature, irrespective of cultivar.
• During fall/winter, the effect of constant soil temperature was cultivar-
dependent; yield of `Red Sunset' was increased by 15%, while that for
`Rio' decreased by 22% relative to the noncontrolled.
• Annual production was not affected, but the ratio between the
production of spring/summer and fail/winter decreased from 3.1 to 2.2
for noncontrolled and constant soil temperature, respectively.
GA3 and Benzylaminopurine Delay Leaf
Yellowing in Cut Alstroemeria Stems
PETER.R. HICKLETON
• Agriculture Canada Research Station, Kentville, Canada
• Leaf yellowing of Alstroemeria hybrida L. `Rio' and
`Jacqueline', as measured by sphere spectrocolorimetry,
was significantly delayed in vase life studies when the ends
of cut stems were immersed in solutions of BAP or
GA3immediately following harvest.
• When BAP or GA3 was used alone at 50 mg·liter-1, foliage
color and color intensity did not diminish during 14 days of
storage in tap water.
• BAP and GA3 also showed interaction effects on leaf color,
but little was gained by using combinations of chemicals.
• Chemical names used: N-benzylaminopurine (BAP);
gibberellin (GA3).
 Reference
• Arora J. S. 2012 “Introductory Hortiticulture”.
• Bhattacharjee S.K. 2006 “Advances in
Ornamental Horticulture, Vol I-IV Pointer Publ.
• Bose T.K. and Yadav L. P. 1989 “ Commercial
flowers”, Naya Prakasah.
• Prasad and Kumar U. 2003 “ Commercial
Floriculture , Agrobios.
• www.google.com
 EARTH
LAUGHS IN FLOWERS
Thank you..