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Machine Foundations

This document discusses machine foundations, which are specialized foundations designed to support machines and equipment. It describes different types of machine foundations based on the dynamic forces produced by the machines and their operating frequencies. Block foundations are most common, providing a large contact area with the soil. Medium to high frequency machines may be supported on block foundations with springs or pads to reduce vibrations. Frame foundations with vertical columns and horizontal frames are used for heavy, high-speed machines. Piles can be used to support foundations on weak soils that may displace due to vibrations.

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Vijay Raj
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566 views

Machine Foundations

This document discusses machine foundations, which are specialized foundations designed to support machines and equipment. It describes different types of machine foundations based on the dynamic forces produced by the machines and their operating frequencies. Block foundations are most common, providing a large contact area with the soil. Medium to high frequency machines may be supported on block foundations with springs or pads to reduce vibrations. Frame foundations with vertical columns and horizontal frames are used for heavy, high-speed machines. Piles can be used to support foundations on weak soils that may displace due to vibrations.

Uploaded by

Vijay Raj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Machine foundations

Design of Industrial structures 2


Machine Foundations
• Machine foundations are special types of
foundations required for machines, machine tools and heavy
equipments which have wide range of speeds, loads and
operating conditions.
• These foundations are designed considering the shocks and
vibrations (dynamic forces) resulting from operation of
machines.

3
Types of Machines and Machine Foundations
Machines may be classified as follows, based on their dynamic
effects:
• Those producing periodical forces—reciprocating machines or
engines, such as compressors.
• Those producing impact forces—forge hammers and presses.
• High speed machines such as turbines and rotary
compressors.

4
Types of Machine Based on their operating
frequency
• Low to medium frequency machines up to 500 rpm:
Large reciprocating engines such as compressors, and blowers
fall in this category.
Usual operating frequencies range from 50 to 250 rpm.
• Medium to high frequency machines- 300 to 1000 rpm.
Medium-sized reciprocating engines such as diesel and gas
engines come under this category.

5
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• Very high frequency machines-greater than 1000 rpm:
High-speed internal combustion engines, electric motors, and
turbo-generators fall in the category.
Different types of Machine foundations are used as follows, :

6
Machine foundation classification based on their
structural form
• Block-type foundation
• It consists of a pedestal of concrete on which the machine
rests.

7
Block type foundation
• These are most common type of foundations and can be used
to support reciprocating machines of all types.
• These foundations have large contact area with the soil.
• Reciprocating machinery of low to medium frequency are
usually supported as such on block-type foundations.
• Reciprocating machinery of medium to high frequency may
also be supported on block-type foundations, but these are
made to rest on springs or suitable elastic pads to reduce their
natural frequencies.
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Foundations for medium to high frequency
machines

9
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• High-speed machinery may also be supported on massive
block foundations.
• The contact surfaces with of such machinery with foundation
should be provided with suitable isolation pads to reduce the
natural frequencies.

10
Block Foundation for high speed machines

11
Foundations for industrial machines
• Many industrial machines such as lathes, induce very little
dynamic forces.
• These practically do not need any foundations.
• Such machines can be directly bolted to the floor preferably
using springs or isolation pads.

12
Block Foundations for industrial machines

13
A few other types of foundations are as follows:

Box or caisson type foundations, consisting of a


hollow concrete block

14
Wall-type foundations

These consisting of a pair of walls which support the


machinery on their top

15
Framed-type foundations
• It consists of vertical columns supporting on their top a
horizontal frame work which forms the seat of essential
machinery .

16
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• Frame type foundations are used to support heavy and high
speed machines like turbo generators.

17
Machinery Foundation on weak soils
• Weak soils can displace due to machine vibrations. So the load
is transferred through piles.

18

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