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Kinship by Blood

Kinship refers to the bonds between people based on blood, marriage, or adoption. There are two types of kinship ties - those based on blood/descent and those formed through marriage, adoption or other social bonds. Kinship systems define how families and relationships are structured in a society through descent rules, which can be unilineal like patrilineal descent where kinship passes through the male line only, or matrilineal descent where it passes through the female line. Bilateral descent recognizes kinship through both parents.

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344 views7 pages

Kinship by Blood

Kinship refers to the bonds between people based on blood, marriage, or adoption. There are two types of kinship ties - those based on blood/descent and those formed through marriage, adoption or other social bonds. Kinship systems define how families and relationships are structured in a society through descent rules, which can be unilineal like patrilineal descent where kinship passes through the male line only, or matrilineal descent where it passes through the female line. Bilateral descent recognizes kinship through both parents.

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mary claire borromeo
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Kinship

 The bond of blood or marriage which binds


people together in group.

 Kinship is the most universal and basic of all


human relationships and is based on ties of
blood, marriage, or adoption. There are
two basic kinds of kinship ties: those based
on blood that trace descent and those
based on marriage, adoption, or other
connections. Some sociologists and
anthropologists have argued that kinship
goes beyond familial ties, and even
involves social bonds.
 Kinship can involve a relationship between
two people unrelated by lineage or
marriage, according to the late David
Murray Schneider.
 Kinship is important to a person and a
community's well-being. Because different
societies define kinship differently, they also
set the rules governing kinship, which are
sometimes legally defined and sometimes
implied. At its most basic levels, according
to the Sociology Group.
Descent and Marriage
 Kinship is reckoned in a number of different
ways around the world, resulting
in a variety of types of descent patterns
and kin groups.
Unilineal Descent
 This traces descent only through a single
line of ancestors, male or female. Both
males and females are members of a
unilineal family, but descent links are only
recognized through relatives of one
gender.
 The two basic forms of unilineal descent are
referred to as,
Patrilineal Descent
 Both males and females belong to their father’s kin
group but not their mother’s.
However, only males pass on their family
identity to their children. A woman’s
children are members of her husband’s
patrilineal line.
Matrilineal Descent
 In societies using matrilineal descent, the social
relationship between children and their biological
father tends to be different than most people
would expect due to the fact that he is not a
member of their matrilineal family. In the case of
ego below, the man who would have the formal
responsibilities that European cultures assign to a
father would be his mother's brother, since he is the
closest elder male kinsmen. Ego's father would
have the same kind of responsibilities for his sister's
children.
Bilateral Descent

 Bilateral descent is another way of creating


kinship.

 Bilateral descent means that families are


defined by descent from both the father
and the mother’s sides of the family. In
bilateral descent, which is common in the
United States, children recognize both their
mother’s and father’s family members as
relatives.
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