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Motion Along A Straight Line: Chapter 2 - Part 2

1) The document discusses uniform and non-uniform acceleration, noting that uniform acceleration occurs when the rate of change of velocity remains constant over time, while non-uniform acceleration occurs when this rate changes with time. 2) It presents the three equations of motion - relating velocity, acceleration, time and distance - and provides examples of how to apply each equation. 3) It specifically examines free fall acceleration near Earth's surface, noting that the acceleration due to gravity g is approximately -9.8 m/s2 downward.

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38 views

Motion Along A Straight Line: Chapter 2 - Part 2

1) The document discusses uniform and non-uniform acceleration, noting that uniform acceleration occurs when the rate of change of velocity remains constant over time, while non-uniform acceleration occurs when this rate changes with time. 2) It presents the three equations of motion - relating velocity, acceleration, time and distance - and provides examples of how to apply each equation. 3) It specifically examines free fall acceleration near Earth's surface, noting that the acceleration due to gravity g is approximately -9.8 m/s2 downward.

Uploaded by

wildan jr
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 2 –PART 2

By Ditta Kharisma Yolanda Putri, S.T., M.T.

Motion Along a Straight Line


Uniform a n d Non Uniform
Acceleration
If the rate of change of velocity remains constant, then
the acceleration is uniform.
Examples of uniform acceleration include a ball under
free fall, a ball rolling on an inclined plane and a car
accelerating on a straight, traffic-free road.

If the rate of change of velocity changes with time,


then the acceleration is non-uniform.
Examples of non-uniform acceleration is a car
accelerating on a straight road with traffic.
Constant Velocity
• If the rate of change of velocity remains constant, then the acceleration is uniform.
a =0
First Equation o f Motion
The first equation of motion is v =v0 +at. It gives the velocity acquired by a
body in time t.
Consider a body having initial velocity v0. Suppose it is subjected to a uniform
acceleration a so that after time t its final velocity becomes v. Now, from the
definition of acceleration we know that;
Acceleration = Change in velocity
Total Time

—> Acceleration =Final velocity –Initial velocity


Total Time
—> a =v – v0
t
—> at=v – vo v = v0 +at
• When particle start to move on 𝑥0 at 𝑡= 0
and then it’s position on x at t, so the displacement =
Second Equation o f Motion

The second equation of motion is x =𝑥0+v 0 t +½ at2 . It


gives the distance traveled by a body in time t.
• Then we can eliminate t from v = v0 +at
Third Equation o f Motion

The third equation of motion is v2=v02+2a∆𝑥.


It gives the velocity acquired by a body in traveling a distance ‘x’.

Consider a body having initial velocity ‘v0’ and a uniform acceleration ‘a’ for time ‘t’ so
that its final velocity becomes ‘v’. .Let the distance traveled by the body in this time ‘x’.
The distance travelled by a moving body in time ‘t’ can be found out by considering its
average velocity. Since the initial velocity of the body is‘v0’ and its final; velocity is‘v’
y
Free Fall Acceleration
 The acceleration of a falling object is due to the force
of gravity between the object and the earth.
• Galileo showed that falling objects accelerate
equally, neglecting air resistance.
• Galileo found that all things fall at the same rate.
• On the surface of the earth, in a vacuum, all objects
accelerate towards the surface of the earth at 9.8
m/s2.
• Magnitude: |a| =g =9.8 m/s2
• Direction: always downward, soag is negative if we
define “up” as positive,
a =-g =-9.8 m/s2
x
NOTE :
The free-fall acceleration near Earth’s
surface is a =-g =-9.8m/s2
The magnitude of the acceleration is
g =9.8 m/s2
Do not substitute -9.8 m/s2 for g !!!
Eq. In Free-FallAcceleration
Word clues to numbers for problem solving
• “free-fall”  acceleration due to gravity
g=a=9.8 m/s2, down
• “at rest”  not moving
v0=0
• “dropped”  starts at rest and free-fall
v0=0 and g=a=9.8 m/s2, down
• “constant velocity”  no acceleration
a=0
• “stops”  final velocity is zero
v=0

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