Lecture 1
Introduction to Object Oriented
Programming
Introduction
Instructor
Abdul Haseeb Shujja
Office hours
Mon-Fri 4:00 – 6:00 PM
Email
[email protected]Moodle Enrollment Key
OOP2019
Marks Distribution
Assignments 15
Class Participation + 5+5
Attendance
Quizzes 10
Semester Project 10
Lab Exam 15
Midterm 15
Final exam 25
2 types of assignments
Take home
Lab
Quizzes will mostly be unannounced (no retakes)
3-4 person groups for project
Rules & tips
No cheating allowed….EVER!
Do everything yourself
Try “googling” the errors/problems you get
If you cant find solutions anyway, come to me
or email me your code with your problem along
with a description of what you have tried so far.
Late submissions will result in marks
deduction (No Exceptions)
10% every day
Want a good grade?
PRACTICE
Course Outline
Session 1: Introduction to OOP, Objects and
Classes
Session 2: C# basics - I
Session 3: C# basics - II
Session 3: Encapsulation and Abstraction
Session 5: Constructors and Destructors
Session 6: Inheritance
Session 7: Polymorphism
Session 8: Association, Aggregation and
Composition
Session 9: MIDTERM
Course Outline
Session 10: Interfaces, Generics and
Delegates
Session 11: GUI, Windows Forms and WPF
Session 12: Event and Exception Handling
Session 13: Revision
Session 14: Lab Exam
Session 15: Project Presentations and
revision
FINAL EXAM
Basic terminology
Object
Usually a person, place or thing (a noun)
Method
An action performed by an object (a verb)
Attribute
Description of objects in a class
Class
A category of similar objects (such as
automobiles)
Does not hold any values of the object’s
attributes
Object Oriented
Programming
Objects have both data and methods
Objects of the same class have the same
data elements and methods
Objects send and receive messages to
invoke actions
Key idea in object-oriented
programming:
The real world can be accurately described
as a collection of objects that interact.
Example for attributes and
methods
Attributes Methods
Manufacturer’s Define data
name items (specify
Model name manufacturer’s
Year made name, model,
Color year, etc.)
Number of Change a data
doors item (color,
Size of engine engine, etc.)
Display data
etc.
items
Calculate cost
Why OOP?
Save development time (and cost) by
reusing code
once an object class is created it can be used
in other applications
Easier debugging
classes can be tested independently
reused objects have already been tested
Object Oriented Design
Principles
Encapsulation
Abstraction
Inheritance
Polymorphism
Encapsulation
The action of enclosing something in or as
if in a capsule.
Also known as data hiding
Only object’s methods can modify
information in the object.
Analogy:
ATM machine can only update accounts of
one person when an authorized transaction is
made
Abstraction
Focus only on the important facts about the
problem at hand
To design, produce, and describe so that it
can be easily used without knowing the
details of how it works.
Analogy:
When you drive a car, you don’t have to
know how the gasoline and air are mixed and
ignited.
Instead you only have to know how to use
the controls.
Polymorphism
The same word or phrase can mean
different things in different contexts
Analogy:
In English, bank can mean side of a river or a
place to put money
Inheritance
Inheritance—a way of organizing classes
Term comes from inheritance of traits like
eye color, hair color, and so on.
Classes with properties in common can be
grouped so that their common properties
are only defined once.
Superclass – inherit its attributes &
methods to the subclass(es).
Subclass – can inherit all its superclass
attributes & methods besides having its
own unique attributes & methods.
Analogy?
Object Oriented
Languages
Five Rules
Everything is an object.
A program is a set of objects telling each
other what to do by sending messages.
Each object has its own memory (made up of
other objects).
Every object has a type.
All objects of a specific type can receive the
same messages.
All object oriented languages generally
follow these rules.
Object Oriented
Languages
Pure Object Oriented Languages:
Java
C#
JavaScript
Eiffel
Hybrid Languages
C++
Objective-C
Object-Pascal (Delphi)
Object Oriented Design
How to identify a class?
First identify its objects.
We’ll use the example of a car
Then identify what properties these object
have in common
Engine, color, seats, body, wheels etc.
These will be our attributes
Now identify the common actions that the
objects can perform
Accelerate, brake, ignition, switching off, turn
etc.
These will be the functions/methods of the
class.
Now, write the class.
Classes: A simple example
(Car)
class car
{
public string color{set;get;}
public void MyColor()
{
Console.WriteLine("My color is “+color);
}
} //end class
*do not copy and run this code, use the text file
provided on LMS instead
Usage
Now, to use this class in Main()
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
car c1=new car();
c1.color="red";
c1.MyColor();
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
