Microcontroller

Unit-V

LCD
KEYBOARD INTERFACING
VSS

VEE
VD

RS

D
R
D

3
1

5
3

6
1
2

4
5

9
7
8

1
1
0
1
1

2
1
3
1
VSS
VDD
VEE

INTERFACING
RS
R
W
E LCD
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
LCD Operation
LCD Pin Description
 LCD Command Codes

LM016L
1
LCD
1
VSS
2
VDD
3
VEE
4
5 RS
RW
6
E
7
8 D0
9 D1
10 D2
11 D3
12 D4
13 D5
14 D6
D7
 -
To send any commands to the LCD, make pin RS=0, for data, make RS=1. then
send a high-to-low pulse to the pin to enable the internal latch of theLCD.
; CALLS A TIME DELAY BEFORE SENDING NEXT DATA/COMMAND
; P1.0-P1.7 ARE CONNECTED TO LCD DATA PINS D0-D7
; P2.0 IS CONNECTED TO RS PIN OF LCD
; P2.1 IS CONNECTED TO R/W PIN OF LCD
; P2.2 IS CONNECTED TO E PIN OF LCD

ORG 000H
MOV A, #38H ; init LCD 2 lines, 5 x 7 matrix
ACALL COMNWRT ; call command subroutine
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
MOV A, #0EH ; display on, cursor on
ACALL COMNWRT ; call command subroutine
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
MOV A, #01 ; clear LCD
ACALL COMNWRT ; call command subroutine
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
MOV A, #06H ; shift cursor right
ACALL COMNWRT ; call command subroutine
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
MOV A, #84H ; Cursor at line 1, pos.4
ACALL COMNWRT ; call command subroutine
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
 MOV A, #'H'
-
; display letter "N"
ACALL DATAWRT ; call display subroutine
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
MOV A, #'I' ; display letter "O"
ACALL DATAWRT ; call display subroutine
AGAIN: SJMP AGAIN ; stay here

COMNWRT: ;send command to LCD

MOV P1, A ; copy register A to port1
CLR P2.0 ; RS=0 for command
CLR P2.1 ; R/W=0 for write
SETB P2.2 ; E=1 for high pulse
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
CLR P2.2 ; E=0 for H-to-L pulse
RET

DATAWRT: ;write data to LCD

MOV P1, A ; copy register A to port1
SETB P2.0 ; RS=0 for command
CLR P2.1 ; R/W=0 for write
SETB P2.2 ; E=1 for high pulse
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
CLR P2.2 ; E=0 for H-to-L pulse
RET
DELAY: MOV R3, #50 ; 50 or higher for fast CPU,s
HERE2: MOV R4, #255 ; R4=255
HERE: DJNZ R4, HERE ; stay until R4 becomes 0
DJNZ R3, HERE2
RET
END.
 -
To send any commands to the LCD, make pin RS=0, for data, make RS=1. then
send a high-to-low pulse to the pin to enable the internal latch of the LCD.
(Using the busy Flag).

; Check busy flag before sending data, command to LCD

; P1=data pin, P2.0=RS, P2.1=R/W, P2.2=E pins

MOV A, #38H ; INIT LCD 2lines, 5 x 7 matrix

ACALL COMMAND ; issue command
MOV A, #0EH ; LCD ON, cursor ON
ACALL COMMAND ; issue command
MOV A, #01H ; clear LCD command
ACALL COMMAND ; issue command
MOV A, #06H ; shift cursor right
ACALL COMMAND ; issue command
MOV A, #86H ; cursor: line 1, pos. 6
ACALL COMMAND ; issue command subroutine
MOV A, #'N' ; display letter N
ACALL DATA_DISPLAY
MOV A, #'O' ; display letter O
ACALL DATA_DISPLAY
HERE: SJMP HERE ; stay here
COMMAND: -
ACALL READY ; is LCD ready
MOV P1, A ; issue command code
CLR P2.0 ; RS=0 for command
CLR P2.1 ; R/W=0 to write to LCD
SETB P2.2 ; E=1 for H-to-L pulse
CLR P2.2 ; E=0, latch in
RET

DATA_DISPLAY:
ACALL READY ; is LCD ready
MOV P1, A ; issue data
SETB P2.0 ; RS=1 for data
CLR P2.1 ; R/W=0 to write to LCD
SETB P2.2 ; E=1 for H-to-L pulse
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
CLR P2.2 ; E=0, latch in
RET
READY:
SETB P1.7 ; make P1.7 input port
CLR P2.0 ; RS=0 access command reg
SETB P2.1 ; R/W=1 read command reg
DELAY:
MOV R3, #50 ; 50 or higher for fast CPU,s
HERE2: MOV R4, #255 ; R4=255
HERE1: DJNZ R4, HERE1 ; stay until R4 becomes 0
DJNZ R3, HERE2
RET

BACK:
CLR P2.2 ; E=0 for L-to-H pulse
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
SETB P2.2 ; E=1, L-to-H pulse
JB P1.7, BACK ; stay until busy flag=0
RET
END
LCD Timing for Read
LCD Timing for Write
 -
The program shows how to use the MOVC instruction to send data and
commands to an LCD.
; calls a time delay before sending next data/command
; P1.0-P1.7=D0-D7, P2.0=RS, P2.1=R/W, P2.2=E pins
ORG 0
MOV DPTR, #MYCOM
C1: CLR A
MOVC A, @A+DPTR
ACALL COMNWRT ; Call command subroutine
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD sometime
JZ SEND_DAT
INC DPTR
SJMP C1
SEND_DAT:
MOV DPTR, #MYCOM
D1: CLR A
MOVC A, @A+DPTR
ACALL DATAWRT ; Call command subroutine
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD sometime
JZ AGAIN
INC DPTR
SJMP D1
AGAIN: SJMP AGAIN
COMNWRT: -
;send command to LCD
MOV P1, A ; copy register A to port1
CLR P2.0 ; RS=0 for command
CLR P2.1 ; R/W=0 for write
SETB P2.2 ; E=1 for high pulse
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
CLR P2.2 ; E=0 for H-to-L pulse
RET

DATAWRT: ;write data to LCD

MOV P1, A ; copy register A to port1
SETB P2.0 ; RS=0 for command
CLR P2.1 ; R/W=0 for write
SETB P2.2 ; E=1 for high pulse
ACALL DELAY ; give LCD some time
CLR P2.2 ; E=0 for H-to-L pulse
RET
DELAY: MOV R3, #50 ; 50 or higher for fast CPU,s
HERE2: MOV R4, #255 ; R4=255
HERE: DJNZ R4, HERE ; stay until R4 becomes 0
DJNZ R3, HERE2
RET
COMNWRT: ;send command to LCD
ORG 300H
MYCOM: DB 38H,0EH,01,06,84H,0 ; commands and null
MYDATA:DB “HELLO”, 0 ; data and null
END
 1

3
A 1 2 3
B 4 5 6

KEYBOARD C

D
7 8

0
9

#
INTERFACING
1

A 1 2 3
B 4 5 6
C 7 8 9
D
0 #
Keyboard Interfacing
To send any commands to the LCD, make pin RS=0, for data, make RS=1. then
send a high-to-low pulse to the pin to enable the internal latch of theLCD.
; CALLS A TIME DELAY BEFORE SENDING NEXT DATA/COMMAND
; P1.0-P1.7 ARE CONNECTED TO LCD DATA PINS D0-D7
; P2.0 IS CONNECTED TO RS PIN OF LCD
; P2.1 IS CONNECTED TO R/W PIN OF LCD
; P2.2 IS CONNECTED TO E PIN OF LCD

MOV P2,#0FFH ;make P2 an input port

K1: MOV P1,#0 ;ground all rows at once
MOV A,P2 ;read all columns
;(ensure keys open)
ANL A,00001111B ;masked unused bits
CJNE A,#00001111B,K1 ;till all keys release
K2: ACALL DELAY ;call 20 msec delay
MOV A,P2 ;see if any key is pressed
ANL A,00001111B ;mask unused bits
CJNE A,#00001111B,OVER ;key pressed, find row
SJMP K2 ;check till key pressed
OVER: ACALL DELAY ;wait 20 msec debounce time
MOV A,P2 ;check key closure
ANL A,00001111B ;mask unused bits
CJNE A,#00001111B,OVER1 ;key pressed, find row
SJMP K2 ;if none, keep polling
OVER1: MOV P1, #11111110B ;ground row 0
MOV A,P2 ;read all columns
ANL A,#00001111B ;mask unused bits
CJNE A,#00001111B,ROW_0 ;key row 0, find col.
MOV P1,#11111101B ;ground row 1
MOV A,P2 ;read all columns
ANL A,#00001111B ;mask unused bits
CJNE A,#00001111B,ROW_1 ;key row 1, find col.
MOV P1,#11111011B ;ground row 2
MOV A,P2 ;read all columns
ANL A,#00001111B ;mask unused bits
CJNE A,#00001111B,ROW_2 ;key row 2, find col.
MOV P1,#11110111B ;ground row 3
MOV A,P2 ;read all columns
ANL A,#00001111B ;mask unused bits
CJNE A,#00001111B,ROW_3 ;key row 3, find col.
LJMP K2 ;if none, false input,
;repeat
ROW_0: MOV DPTR,#KCODE0 ;set DPTR=start of row 0
SJMP FIND ;find col. Key belongs to
ROW_1: MOV DPTR,#KCODE1 ;set DPTR=start of row
SJMP FIND ;find col. Key belongs to
ROW_2: MOV DPTR,#KCODE2 ;set DPTR=start of row 2
SJMP FIND ;find col. Key belongs to
ROW_3: MOV DPTR,#KCODE3 ;set DPTR=start of row 3
FIND: RRC A ;see if any CY bit low
JNC MATCH ;if zero, get ASCII code
INC DPTR ;point to next col. addr
SJMP FIND ;keep searching
MATCH: CLR A ;set A=0 (match is found)
MOVC A,@A+DPTR ;get ASCII from table
MOV P0,A ;display pressed key
LJMP K1
;ASCII LOOK-UP TABLE FOR EACH ROW
ORG 300H
KCODE0: DB ‘0’,’1’,’2’,’3’ ;ROW 0
KCODE1: DB ‘4’,’5’,’6’,’7’ ;ROW 1
KCODE2: DB ‘8’,’9’,’A’,’B’ ;ROW2
KCODE3: DB ‘C’,’D’,’E’,’F’ ;ROW 3
END