WHAT IS
WORK?
What comes into your mind when you
hear the word work?
“What is your “I’ll meet you
work?” after work”
“Have you done The word work has
your many meanings
homework?”
What is work?
In physics, work is an abstract idea
related to energy.
When work is done it is accompanied
by a change in energy. When work is
done by an object it loses energy
and when work is done on an object
it gains energy.
How can we say that there is work
done?
In order to say that work is done on
an object, there must be force applied on
it and the object moves in the direction
of the applied force.
Example 1: A GIRL PUSHING A CHAIR
Work is done if the object you push moves a
distance in the direction towards which you are
pushing it.
Example 2: A BOY PUSHING A WALL
No work is done if the force you exert
does not make the object move.
Example 3: A WAITER CARRYING A TRAY
WINE WHILE WALKING
No work is
done if the force
you exert does
not make the
object move in
the same
direction as the
force you
exerted.
Is there work done?
1. A girl pushing her cart
Picture reference: Dreamstime.com
Is there work done?
2. A man lifting a box
Picture reference: Dreamstime.com
Is there work done?
3. A girl carrying a bag while
walking
Picture reference: Dreamstime.com
A GIRL PUSHING HER CART
What is direction of the force applied on the cart?
What is the direction of the motion of the cart?
The girl is doing work on the cart.
Same direction of the force applied on the cart and
the motion of the cart, therefore there is work.
A MAN LIFTING A BOX
What is direction of the force applied on the box?
What is the direction of the motion of the box?
The man is doing work on the box.
Same direction of the force applied on the box and
the motion of the box, therefore there is work.
A GIRL CARRYING A BAG WALKING
DOWN A STREET
What is direction of the force applied on the box?
What is the direction of the motion of the box?
The man is NOT doing work on the bag.
Not the same direction of the force applied on the
bag and the motion of the bag, therefore there is
NO work.
CALCULATING WORK
Work (W) is done when the force (F)
applied to the object causes the object to
have a displacement (d) in the
same direction as the force applied.
The work done by a force can be
calculated as W=Fd. The unit of force is
Newton (N). Hence, the unit for work is N
m or joules (J).
James Prescott Joule
The unit joule (J) is named after the
English Physicist James Prescott Joule.
This is also the unit for energy. One
joule is equal to the work done or
energy expended in applying a force
of one Newton through a distance of
one meter.
WORK IS A METHOD OF
TRANSFERRING ENERGY
Let’s do this! Play a bowling
game. Roll a ball along the floor to
hit an empty bottle.
Is there work done on the ball?
What can a moving ball do?
WHAT IS
ENERGY?
ENERGY
Energy can be defined as the
ability or capacity to do work.
POTENTIAL ENERGY and KINETIC
ENERGY
Potential energy is defined as
“stored” energy of an object.
Kinetic energy is the energy of
a moving object is or energy of
motion.
VIDEO OF KE AND PE
GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL
ENERGY
A force that is always directed downwards or
towards to the center of the earth (gravity).
When an object is lifted from the ground, the
work is done is against the force of gravity.
An object gains energy when raised from the
ground and loses energy when made to fall.
The energy gained or loss by an object is
called gravitational potential energy.
GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL
ENERGY
Example 1: A MANGO FRUIT ON THE
BRANCH
Picture reference: alarmystockphotos.com
GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL
ENERGY
Example 1: A MANGO FRUIT
ON THE BRANCH
The mango fruit is possible to
fall down anytime because of the
gravitational force that pulls it
downward.
An object gains energy when
lifted from the ground and loses
energy when made to fall.
POWER
Power is rate of doing work or rate of
using energy.
In equation, P= Work/time or
P=Energy/time
Simply, power is doing work or energy
with TIME.
Unit for power is watts(W).
VIDEO
James Watt
The unit for power is joules per second.
But maybe, you are more familiar with
watts which commonly used to measure
power consumption of electrical devices.
The unit watt is named after who was a
Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer
known for his improvements on steam engine
technology.
