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BTEC - Sport Unit 1 Presentation

The skeletal system is made up of 206 bones that provide structure, support, and protection to the body. It is divided into the axial skeleton comprising 80 bones that protect vital organs, and the appendicular skeleton of 126 bones that allow for movement. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. Joints can be synovial and freely movable, cartilaginous and slightly movable, or fibrous and immobile. Bones come in long, short, flat, and irregular shapes and are located using anatomical terms like anterior, posterior, proximal and distal. The skeletal system supports muscles, protects organs, allows for movement, and stores minerals.

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121 views14 pages

BTEC - Sport Unit 1 Presentation

The skeletal system is made up of 206 bones that provide structure, support, and protection to the body. It is divided into the axial skeleton comprising 80 bones that protect vital organs, and the appendicular skeleton of 126 bones that allow for movement. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum. Joints can be synovial and freely movable, cartilaginous and slightly movable, or fibrous and immobile. Bones come in long, short, flat, and irregular shapes and are located using anatomical terms like anterior, posterior, proximal and distal. The skeletal system supports muscles, protects organs, allows for movement, and stores minerals.

Uploaded by

CHR1555
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BTEC Sport

Anatomy and Physiology


The Skeletal System

 Made up of bones, cartilage and joints


 Framework of the body
 Supports Muscles and Skin
 206 Bones!
 80 form axial skeleton
 126 form appendicular
Axial Skeleton is for protection
 The axial skeleton consists of the 80 bones in the head and trunk of the human
body.
 The Axial skeleton are the bones that protect the vital organs in the human
body.
 These are a few of the axial skeletal bones that make up the skeletal system;
Cranium, Sternum and the Vertebral Column
Appendicular Skeleton is for Movement

 The Appendicular skeleton allows the skeletal bones to move.


 It consists of the girdles, upper and lower limbs which are attached to the
pelvic girdle.
 60 form upper limbs
 60 form lower limbs
 Designed for weight bearing
The Skull

 The skull is the bony part of the head.


 It rests on the first vertebra of the spine,
called the atlas.
 It belongs to the axial skeleton, meaning the
skeleton associated with the central nervous
system.
 That includes the skull, all the bones of the
spine, the ribs, and the breastbone.
The thorax The vertebral
column
 The thorax is the breast bone  The vertebral column consists
which consists of the ribs of 5 different section all of
which protect major organs which have a number of
different bones
Types of Bones
•Long Bone – Have a shaft,
found in Limbs
•Short Bones- Surrounded by
a thin layer of compact bone
•Flat Bone- Thin, slightly
curved have a large surface
area
•Irregular Bone- Complex
shapes that don’t fit any other
category
Location of Bones
 Anterior  To/in the front
 Posterior  To/in the back
 Medial  Towards the midline
 Lateral  Away from midline
 Proximal  Near to route/origin
 Distal  Away from route/origin
 Superior  Above
 Inferior  Below
Joint Classification

 The 3 major joints are;

 Synovial - Freely moveable = Patella.

 Cartilaginous – Slightly moveable = Spinal


column.

 Fibrous – Immoveable = Cranium.


Types of Synovical Joint
 Hinge – e.g. Knee Pivot – e.g. Neck Saddle – e.g. Thumb

 Ball & Socket –Hip Condyloid –Wrist Gliding –Fingers


These are all used in Sport

 Hinge Joint  Ball and Socket Joint

 Pivot Joint  Saddle Joint


Types of Movement
 Flexion  Tightening Bicep
 Extension  Loosening Bicep
 Abduction  Arm/Leg away from you
 Adduction  Arm/Leg towards you
 Circumduction  Head shaking
 Rotation  Lateral/medial
 Hyper-extension  Head back and forth
 Plantar-flexion  Toes upward
 Dorsi-flexion  Toes downward
 Pronation  Radius over ulna
 Supination  Ulna and radius parallel
More on the Skeletal System
 Support.

 Protection.

 Attachment for skeletal muscle

 Source of blood cell production.

 Store of minerals.
Thankyou For Listening

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