JUDAISM

Maxine Demegillo Efrelyn Banay

Erica Dorado Daniela Buenaflor
Kyla Yanson Justine Diopale
 CHALLENGE
• ENGSIES • WEJSHI
• BHRAAMA • SOMES
• CNANAA • BWEREHS
• TANEPUETCH • UDISAMJ
• COBAJ
 CONCEPT MAP

JUDAISM

WORSHIPS BELIEFS
SACRED
AND AND SUBDIVISIONS
SCRIPTURES OBSERVANCES DOCTRINES
WHAT IS AN ABRAHAMIC
RELIGION?

• Monotheistic
• They all trace their origin
to the great patriarch
Abraham and his
descendants.
• Judaism, Christianity, and
Islam
JUDAISM
 JUDAISM
• Monotheistic
• One of the oldest monotheistic religions
• Jews “People of the Book”
• Jews consider themselves as the chosen people of god as they must provide
an example to the world of their moral behavior.
• God : Yahweh/ Jehovah
• “Rabbis” spiritual leaders of Judaism
 TORAH
• In hif ’il conjugation “to
guide/teach”
• Most important text of the
Jewish people
• Contains “Five Books of
Moses” and many sacred
laws
 Synagogue
• Where Jews worship
their God
 Essential Questions
1. What is the role of Abraham in the foundation of the Jewish beliefs?
• Abraham serves as the founding father andnone of the patriarch of Judaism,
He was the first person to believe there’s only one good and agreed to a
covenant with God which is fundamental to Judaism.
1. Why are the Jewish people considered as the “people of the book”?
• In reference to the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh or Mikra) that has been the
authority, guide, and inspiration of the many forms of Judaism.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
• The ancestors of Jews were a group of Semites called
Hebrews.

• The three main patriarchs are Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

(Genesis 12)
• God first revealed himself to a Hebrew man named
Abraham.

• He and his descendants were chosen people who would

create a great nation.

• Jacob took the name “Israel,” and his children and future
generations became known as Israelites.
SOCIO-POLITICAL DYNAMICS OF
JUDAISM
• The old testament gives us ideas on SOCIO-POLITICAL
DYNAMICS of Judaism .The Jewish concept of leadership
based on the old testament direct us to certain types of
leadership,one of which is kingship as the ideal form of
government.This can be deduced from the chronicles of the
Kings of Israel and Judah , as well as in the Book of
Deuteronomy.
SACRED SCRIPTURES
• Jewish people also called ”People of the Book”

THE THREE PRINCIPAL SECTION

• Torah(teaching)- first five books of the old testament.

• Nevi’im(prophets)-serve as the spokespersons who criticize the hypocritical
practices of Jewish rituals.
• Ketuvim(Writings)- contains works on poetry,temple ritual, private prayer,
philosophical explorations and other canonical works.
BELIEFS AND DOCTRINES
• In Judaism actions are more significant than beliefs

• They believe in one God

• Jew is someone’s mother is a Jew, in some sectors they recognized the

children of the Jewish father as Jews, too.

• A person may convert into Judaism, But she/he has to go numerous

rituals.
ARTICLES OF FAITH
• Articles of Faith

• MOSHE BEN MAIMON

-the eminent medieval Jewish philosopher(also known
as Rambam or Moses Maimonides)during the latter
part of 12th century C.E. as an appendix to his
commentary on the Mishnah.
Jewish 13th Principles of Faith
1.God exist
2.God is one and unique
3.God is incorporeal
4.God is eternal
5.Prayer is to be directed to God alone and to no other
6.The words of the prophets are true
7.Moses prophecies are true and Moses was the greatest of the prophets
8.The written torah and Oral Torah were given to Moses
9 .There will be no Torah
10.God knows the thiughts and deeds of men
11.God will reward the good and punish the wicked
13.The deads will be resurrected
The 10 Commandments
The 10 commandments are a set of absolute laws given by God
to Moses at the biblical Mount Sinai that shall govern the life of
every Israelite
WORSHIP AND OBSERVANCES
• The jewish community utilizes a lunar calendar w/ 12 months,each
beginning at the new moon of 29 or 30 days.Every festival and
sabbath commences and terminates at dusk rather than midnight in
adherence to the biblical pattern.
• Jewish holidays are special days observed to commemorate key events
in jewish history and other events that depict the special connections
w/ the world,such as creation,revelation and redemption.
Sabbath
• The most important day in the Jewish calendar which commemorates
gods completion of the creation of the universe and his rest after the 6
day toil.
The Days Of Awe
• The 1st 10 days of tishri are called “the days of awe” where in the first
two days comprise the new year (Rosh Hashanah) and the 10th day as
the day of atonement(Yom Kippur).
Pilgrimage Festivals
• Pesach is an 8 day festival that originally marked the beginning of the
barley harvest. Shavuot is a 2 day festival that was originally a
celebration of a wheat harvest. Sukkot is a 9 day festival
commemorating the autumn harvest and the forty yrs. of the
Israelites stay in the desert wilderness subsisting solely on the bounty
of god.
OTHER IMPORTANT DAYS

• Hanukkah Purim and the Independence Day if the

state of israel.
• Hanakkan(Festival of Lights)or Feast of Dedication)is
a celebration to commemorate the victory of jewish
fighters against the seleucid empire in 165 B.C.E.
• Purim(Feast of esther)celebrates the deliverance of the
jews during the Persian Empire.
HALAKHA

• “the path that one walks”

• are jewish religious laws derived from the “written Torah”“Oral
torrah” including the 613 mitzvot.
• They instruct jews what to do as they wake up in the morning,what
food to eat.etc
The temple

• Around 1003 B.C.E DAVID conquered herusalem and made it his capital.
Bringing w/ him the”Ark of the Convenent”.In 353B.C.E the jews began to
rebuild their temple under persian king Darius who ratified their effort.The 2nd
temple was completed in 349 B.C.E and was substantially altered under Herod
around 20 B.C.E.Presently,this is the famous “Western wall” that has been a
popular site of prayer and pilgrimage for the jews of many centuries.For
orthodox and conservative judaism,a 3rd temple will be established before the
coming of messiah.The book of Ezekieli,it will bd known as “Ezekiels
temple”that will become a lasting structure and serve as permanent abode of the
god if israel.The concept of messiah or mashiach in judaism pertains in to a great
political human.
SUBDIVISIONS
ORTHODOX JUDAISM
• Most traditional of modern Judaism that adheres to the authority of the entire Torah
as given to Moses by God at Mount Sinai.

REFORM JUDAISM (LIBERAL OR PROGRESSIVE JUDAISM)

• Considered the most liberal expression of Judaism that subjects religious laws and
customs to human judgement.

CONSERVATIVE JUDAISM
• Seeks to conserve the traditional elements of Judaism while at the same time allowing
for modernization that is less radical than Reform Judaism.
HASIDISM / HASIDIC JUDAISM
• A spiritual movement that gives prime importance to asceticism and experience as a
result of love and humility before God.
• Baal Shem Toy “Master of the Good Name”

KABBALAH
• Kabbalists believe that God moves in mysterious ways, they also hold that genuine
knowledge and understanding of that inner process is achievable.
SELECTED ISSUES
WOMEN IN JUDAISM
 Women in Judaism
• Women’s role in the Jewish Religion is determined by the Tanakh, the “Oral
Torah” and Jewish customs.
• Judaism offers tremendous respect to the roles given to women as wives and
mothers.
• The presence of women in Hebrew Bible is noticable.
• God is neither male nor female
 1. ORTHODOX JUDAISM
• the religion of those Jews who adhere most strictly to traditional
beliefs and practices.1
• It’s sufficient for any women to understand the practical nature of
Torah but women are dissuaded from studying Talmed and other
complex Jewish writing up until the 20th century.
• “Agunot” or married women doesn’t have a privilege to divorce
her husband.
 2. CONSERVATIVE JUDAISM
• religious movement that seeks to conserve essential elements of
traditional Judaism but allows for the modernization of religious
practices in a less radical sense than that espoused by Reform
Judaism. 2
• Acted upon several areas that enable women to actively participate
in Jewish rituals thereby minimizing legal dispute between men
and women
 3. REFORM JUDAISM
• a religious movement that has modified or abandoned many
traditional Jewish beliefs, laws, and practices in an effort to
adapt Judaism to the changed social, political, and cultural
conditions of the modern world. 3
• Affirms that men and women should be equal in terms of
performing their duties within the Jewish community.
JEWISH DIASPORA AND ZIONIST
MOVEMENT
 Jewish Diaspora and Zionist Movement
• In the 16th and 17th century, there had been calls to pursuade the Jews to
return to Palestine
• 18th century, the Haskalah (Jewish Enlightenment) movement promoted
Jewish assimilation to the Western secular culture.(Parrinder 1971)
• In 1881, a state-supported mob attack /pogrom against the Jews occurred in
Ukraine. A pogrom was aimed to persecute religious, racial or national
minorities, this became frequently directed at Jews.
 Theodor Herzl
• Hungarian journalist and
political activist
• Founded the Zionist
Movement (advocated the
return to Eretz Yisrael or
“Land of Israel” of Jews.
• The Zionist believe that Jews as
the chosen people of God will be
reunited from dispersion or exile
back to their rightful homeland.
• The dispersion of Jewish
communities outside Israel that
have continually occurred since
ancient history is called
“diaspora”.
 Leon Pinsker
• Zionist pioneer and activist
• Wrote “Auto-
Emancipation”(1883) urged
the Jewish people to strive for
independence and appealed
for the establishment of a
Jewish colony in Palestine.
• Zionist activities in the US
became influential in
garnering American
congressional and
presidential support that
led to the creation of the
state of Israel in 1948.
HOLOCAUST
 Holocaust
• In Greek “sacrifice by fire”
• In history , Holocaust pertains to the methodical, bureaucratic, and state
sponsored persecution and execution of around 6 million Jews undertaken
by the Nazi regime and it’s collaborators from 1933 to 1945
• Hitler-led Nazis and police chief believe that Germans or Aryan race we’re
racially superior and consider themselves as master race.
Heinrich Himmler
• Hitler’s police chief during
the Holocaust
• Also believed in Aryan
superiority leading to the
enslavement and
extermination of “non-
ayans” (Jews, Gypsies, Slavic)
Reinhard Heydrich
• High ranking German official
• Became the chief planner of the
Nazis ro wipe out Jews in
Europe (Perry 1988)
• “Final Solution to the Jewish
Problem” (1941-1945) this
became known as the Holocaust.
 Josef Mengele
• “Angel Of Death”
• Took upon a role in the
selection process
• Performed numerous
inhumane human
experiments
ANTI-SEMITISM
 ANTI-SEMITISM
• Pertains to hostility towards and discrimination against the Jewish people that was
strongly felt in France, Germany, Poland , and Russia in the late 19th-20th century.
• Common manifestations of anti-semitism: violent riots / pogroms and the most
extreme form was the Holocaust.
• Anti-semitic Political parties: Germany, France and Austria.
• Adolf Hitler’s Mein Kampf “ My Struggle” called for the removal of Jews from
Germany
• Kristallnacht “Night of Broken Glass” November 9, 1938
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