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Robotics

this is avery very good presentation on robtics and very easily explain fotr sorry t make a shit on u

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Aditya
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59 views

Robotics

this is avery very good presentation on robtics and very easily explain fotr sorry t make a shit on u

Uploaded by

Aditya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DRUDGERY BY
ADITI CHAURASIA
• What is robotics.
• History of robotics.
• Mechanism of robotics.
- locomotion of robot.
- power supply system
- actuators.
- control system.
• Type of robots by application.
• Conclusion.
• The word robotics is used to collectively define a field in
engineering that covers the mimicking of various human
characteristics.

• The word robot comes from the Slavic word robot,


which is used to refer forced labour.

• The desired task must be achieved within some given


limitations.
• The word robotics was derived from
the word robot, which was
introduced to the public by Czech
writer Karel Capek in his play R.U.R.
(Rossm’s Universal Robots), which
premiered in 1921.

• The play begins in a factory that


makes artificial people called robots
• The first digitally operated and
programmable robot, the Unimate,
was installed in 1961 to lift hot
pieces of metal from a die casting
machine and stack them.

• Fully autonomous robots only


appeared in the second half of the
20th century.
• Locomotion system
• Power supply system
• Actuators
• Control system
- open loop
- close loop
• As the name suggests a robot must have a system to make
it move.
• This system gives our machine the ability to move forward,
backward and take turns.
• It may also provide for climbing up and down.
The concept of locomotion invariably needs rotational
motion e.g. a wheel driven by some power source.
• This involves conversion of electrical energy into
mechanical energy, which we can easily achieve using
electrical motors.
• The issue is to control these motors to give the required
speed and torque.
• Suitable power source is needed to run the robots.

• Mobile robots are most suitably powered by batteries.

• The weight and energy capacity of the batteries may


become the determinative factor of its performance.
• They convert the electrical energy into
meaningful mechanical work.

• Mechanical output can be rotational or linear


(straight line).

• Motors provide rotational motion.

• Electromagnets provide linear motion


• Controlling the current by passing it through
a variable resistor is not advisable as it is
extremely energy inefficient.

• A trick is done to achieve reduced average


power.

• Power is supplied to the motor in short


intermittent bursts, as explained further
Desired O/P
Action Controller Actuator
Control Actuat
ler or

 There is no error correction. No way to check if the


actuator was able to take the desired action
 Simple system to design, not very reliable
 Requires regular calibration of the system
O/P
Desired Controller Actuator
Action

Feedback
Turned
away
from
Escape DC obstacle
Controller Motors
Obstacle

Infrared
Receiving
Module
• Nowadays, robots do a lot of different tasks in many fields and
the number of jobs entrusted to robots is growing steadily.
That's why in my opinion one of the best ways how to divide
robots into types is a division by their application.

• There are :-
-- industrial robot
-- medical robot
-- military robot
-- service robot
-- space robot
• Industrial robots -
Industrial robots are robots
used in an industrial
manufacturing
environment. Usually these
are articulated arms
specifically developed for
such applications as
welding, material handling,
painting and others. If we
judge purely by application
this type could also include
some automated guided
vehicles and other robots
• Medical robots - Robots used in medicine and
medical institutions. First and foremost -
surgery robots. Also, some automated guided
vehicles and maybe lifting aides.

• There seems to be high risk of difficulties in


most of the surgeries and some times there are
chances for mortality. Hence, most of the
scientists and doctors made various researches
in order to make the surgeries safe and secure.
In such situations, robots can help a lot in
making the surgery more safer since they could
make smaller cuts in the organs or tissues. This
would in turn make the patients feel easier and
comfortable.
• Military robots -
Robots used in military.
This type of robots
includes bomb disposal
robots, different
transportation robots,
reconnaissance drones.
Often robots initially
created for military
purposes can be used in
law enforcement, search
and rescue and other
related fields
• Entertainment robots
- These are robots used
for entertainment. This is
a very broad category. It
starts with toy robots
such as robosapien or
the running alarm clock
and ends with real
heavyweights such as
articulated robot arms
used as motion
simulators
• Space robots - I’d like to
single out robots used in space
as a separate type. This type
would include robots used on
the International Space
Station, Canadarm that was
used in Shuttles, as well as
Mars rovers and other robots
used in space
• Today we find most robots working for people in industries,
factories, warehouses, and laboratories.
• Robots are useful in many ways. For instance, it boosts economy
because businesses need to be efficient to keep up with the
industry competition.
• Robots helps business owners to be competitive, because
robots can do jobs better and faster than humans can, e.g.
robot can built, assemble a car.
• Yet robots cannot perform every job; today robots roles include
assisting research and industry.
• Finally, as the technology improves, there will be new ways to
use robots which will bring new hopes and new potentials

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