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Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives

This document discusses tension and angle of contact in belt drives. It covers: 1) The ratio of tensions on the tight and slack sides of a belt, which depends on the angle of contact between the belt and pulley. 2) Forces acting on a small section of belt include tension at each end, normal reaction, and friction. 3) Methods for determining the angle of contact, including an example problem calculating force required by a man and power to raise a casting using a rope and drum. 4) Centrifugal tension increases tensions on both sides of the belt at higher speeds due to centrifugal force on the belt mass.

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763 views13 pages

Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives

This document discusses tension and angle of contact in belt drives. It covers: 1) The ratio of tensions on the tight and slack sides of a belt, which depends on the angle of contact between the belt and pulley. 2) Forces acting on a small section of belt include tension at each end, normal reaction, and friction. 3) Methods for determining the angle of contact, including an example problem calculating force required by a man and power to raise a casting using a rope and drum. 4) Centrifugal tension increases tensions on both sides of the belt at higher speeds due to centrifugal force on the belt mass.

Uploaded by

rao asad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tension & Angle of

Contact in Belt Drives


Power Transmitted by a Belt

Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 2


Ratio of Driving Tensions For Flat Belt Drive

• T1 = Tension in the belt on the tight side,


• T2 = Tension in the belt on the slack side, and
• θ= Angle of contact in radians (i.e. angle subtended
by the arc AB, along which the belt touches the
pulley at the centre).

Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 3


Now consider a small portion of the belt PQ, subtending
an angle δθ at the centre of the pulley as shown in Fig.
11.15. The belt PQ is in equilibrium under the following
forces :
• Tension T in the belt at P,
• Tension (T+ δ T) in the belt at Q,
• Normal reaction RN and
• Frictional force, F= µ × RN
where µ is the coefficient of friction between the belt and
pulley.
Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 4
Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 5
Determination of Angle of Contact

Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 6


Example 11.5
• A casting weighing 9 kN hangs freely from a rope which makes 2.5 turns
round a drum of 300 mm diameter revolving at 20 r.p.m. The other end of
the rope is pulled by a man. The coefficient of friction is 0.25. Determine
1.The force required by the man, and2. The power to raise the casting.

Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 7


Centrifugal Tension

• Since the belt continuously runs over the pulleys, therefore, some
centrifugal force is caused, whose effect is to increase the tension on both,
tight as well as the slack sides.
• The tension caused by centrifugal force is called centrifugal tension.
• At lower belt speeds (less than 10 m/s), the centrifugal tension is very small,
but at higher belt speeds (more than 10 m/s), its effect is considerable and
thus should be taken into account.

Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 8


Let
• m= Mass of the belt per unit length in kg,
• v= Linear velocity of the belt in m/s,
• r = Radius of the pulley over which the belt
runs in meters, and
• TC= Centrifugal tension acting tangentially
at P and Q in newtons.

Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 9


Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 10
Maximum Tension in the Belt
A little consideration will show that the maximum tension in the belt (T) is equal to the total tension in the tight side of the
belt (Tt1).
Let
σ= Maximum safe stress in N/mm2,
b = Width of the belt in mm, and
t = Thickness of the belt in mm.
We know that maximum tension in the belt,
T= Maximum stress × cross-sectional area of belt = σ. b. t
When centrifugal tension is neglected, then
T(or Tt1)=T1,
i.e. Tension in the tight side of the belt
and when centrifugal tension is considered, then
T(or Tt1)=T1+ TC
Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 11
Condition For the Transmission of Maximum Power
We know that power transmitted by a belt,
P=(T1– T2) v ...(i)
where
T1= Tension in the tight side of the belt in newtons,
T2= Tension in the slack side of the belt in newtons, and
v = Velocity of the belt in m/s
we have also seen that the ratio of driving tensions is

Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 12


Lec 08, Tension & Angle of Contact in Belt Drives 05/02/2020 13

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