SUBSTATION

AUTOMATION
 Substation Automation concept
:Has five corner stones
Protection -
Communication -
Control -
Monitoring -
Tools -
Substation Automation

Mapping of Data-points•
for SCADA RCC &
ACC according to CMC
Point – to- Point •
Testing M

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Substation Automation
EQUIPMENT LAYERS

Gateway
STATION Server
Workstation s (UI)

BCUs
IEDs
BAY Relay Protections
Electronic Meters

Circuit Breakers
PROCESS Disconnects
Transformers
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Substation Automation

Substation Functions
Interface to the switch yard equipment
.Control and monitoring of the switch yard eqpt
Alarms and Recording
Protection of the power equipment
Revenue metering
Automation functions

Types of Substation Automation System

Microprocessor-Based Substation control (MBSC)
SA System, IEC61850 Protocols

RTU- Based SA System, Legacy Protocols

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Substation Automation
Basic Substation Automation System

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Substation Automation
Typical Conventional Substation
/
Mimic

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Substation Automation
ACC

Substation HMI

RC DNP 3.0 Protocol

C
PORTS
HMI
Software
Workstation

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Substation Automation
AC
DNP 3.0 C
Protocol

RCC
PORT
S Software

IEC 60870-5-103 Modbus

INPUT-OUTPUT (DATA POINTS): DI,

DO, AI
IED’
s

DI,DO,
AI

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Substation Automation RTU-Based SA
RTU LOGIC CB
Digital Input
(DI) NC NO STATUS RT
,Opto Coupler Display
Fast Acting
Relay
0000 0000 IN-
Software
TRANSIT
0000 0001 OPEN
0001 0000 CLOSE
0001 0001
INPUT-OUTPUT (DATA POINTS): DI, IN-
DO, AI TRANSIT
IED’s

DI Double Point Status

N , Status
Position/ NC
O
of Switchgears
0000 0001 BCC 11
Substation Automation RTU-Based SA
Analog Input
(AI)
,Opto Coupler
Fast Acting DO AI Card SBO
Relay Card DNP 3.0 Command

Software

RC
C INPUT-OUTPUT (DATA POINTS): DI,
DO, AI
A
i i
I Analog T P
DI
Inputs
,to 20 mA 4
,to 1 mA 0
to 16 –Bit 12(
DO )BCD
Temperature Pressure

Close /Trip for

Switchgears BCC 12
Substation Automation
SA RTU-Based Legacy Protocols
ACC

DNP
RTU
RCC 3

SCADA
Software
INPUT-OUTPUT (DATA POINTS): DI,
DO, AI
IED’s : 103, Modbus AI, Analog Inputs

Transducers :
Temperature, Pressure,
etc
DI D BCC 13
Substation Automation

Components of the RTU-Based SAS

:Hardware
Server /Workstation
Remote Terminal Unit
Protocol : DNP 3.0, Modbus, IEC60870-5-103
Digital Input Card (DI)
Digital Output Card (DO)
,Analog Input Card(AI)
Transducers, Converter, interfacing relay Opto
.Coupler, etc

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Substation Automation
Components of the RTU-Based SAS
:Software
OS a
Database Ms SQL
SCADA Software (Small Scale 10,000 points)
Data Acquisition and Control
Graphical Trending
Alarm Management
Report Management
User Interface
Sequence of Events (SOE)
.Points List ,and Single Line Diagram, etc

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Substation Automation

but, you have many copper wires

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Substation Automation
You may also have too many Legacy...
Protocols

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Substation Automation
Protocol
A Protocol is an Agreement Between Two Devices
on How to Communicate
:A set of
Message formats
Services
Procedures
Addressing and naming conventions

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Substation Automation
Protocol
A Protocol Defines Messages and Rules to Get the
Job Done
?How to establish or end communication
?Who manages the communications
?How to direct/route messages
?How is data represented or protected
?How to control performance
?The types of data supported
”Supported “Commands
”How to detect “errors
?How to recover from errors
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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation
IEC 61850 Architecture
Master
SCADA

Substatio Slave
Client n
Host
Station
Bus
Server Client IED Server/Client
IED1 IED2
3
Process
Bus
CT BCC
VT
20
Substation Automation

The standard IEC 61850 „Communication

Networks and Systems in Substations“ will
provide interoperability between the
electronic devices (IEDs) for protection,
monitoring, metering, control and
automation in substations. Interoperability
and free allocation of functions opens up a
vast range of possible solutions, but the
consideration of customer requirements and
commercially available equipment will scale
.down this range to a handful of them
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Substation Automation

Trends in Technology for SA

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

Trends in Technology for SA

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation MBSC
IEC 61850 Architecture
SCADA

Substatio Client/Server
n Fast Ethernet
Host Communication
IP Station
Address
Bus
IP IP IP
Address Address IEDAddress
IED1 IED2
Server Client 3 Server/Client

Process
Bus
CT BCC
VT
24
Substation Automation

What to Standardize
phase currents and voltages - 3
,Report
,Event
,Logs
Substation Configuration Language (SCL)
Generic Object Oriented Substation Event
,(GOOSE)
etc

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

Common Model for Electrical System

Status
,Settings
Measurements
Phase Current A 
Phase to ground voltagePhV 
PhV.PhsA 
PhV.PhsB 
... 
Phase to phase voltage PPV 
Phase active power W 
Phase reactive power Var 
Phase apparent power VA 
Total active power TotalW 
Total reactive power TotalVar 
Total apparent power TotalVA 
Frequency Hz 

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

On the occurrence of
!any change of state
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IEC 61850 – Protocols for Substation Automation

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IEC 61850 – Protocols for Substation Automation

7
6
5
4
3
2
1

Layers of the OSI Model (Open System 7

BCC Interconnection ) 30
IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

GOOS
E

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

TYPICAL SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEM -MBSC

REMOTE
Route Firewal
MAINTENANC
STATION LEVELREMOTE

r l
LEVEL

E TELEC
REGIONAL / OM
AREA / TCP IP
BACKUP
CONTROL
Serial Firewall
CENTER Route
LARGE r
DISPLAY
ENGINEERI MAINTENAN
OPERATOR OPERATOR
NG CE
GATE
GATEW
REMOTE
NETWO
GP
WORKSTATI WORKSTATI AY /
WAY RK
WORKSTATI WORKSTATI ACCESS S
ON 1 ON 2 SERVER PRINTER
ON ON

Redundant P
LAN IEC
61850 H
PROCESS LEVELBAY LEVEL

BMU: BAY MEASUREMENT

BM UNIT
BPU BPU BPU: BAY PROTECTION UNIT
U BCU: BAY CONTROL UNIT
BM BM
U U
IEC 61850
BCU BCU BCU
WRAPPER
FUTURE
HIGH /
EXPANSIO
MEDIUM
N AUXILIARY LEGACY /
VOLTAGE
VOLTAGE I/O’s IED’s
EQUIPMEN
EQUIPMEN
T
T
CT, VT, DI, CT, VT, DI, CT, VT, DI, CT, VT, DI,
DO DO DO, AI DO, AI

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

SUBSTATION AUTOMATION SYSTEM

REMOTE
Route Firewal
MAINTENANC
STATION LEVELREMOTE

r l
LEVEL

E TELEC
REGIONAL / OM
AREA / TCP IP
BACKUP
CONTROL
Serial Firewall
CENTER Route
LARGE r
DISPLAY
ENGINEERI MAINTENAN
OPERATOR OPERATOR
NG CE
GATE
GATEW
REMOTE
NETWO
GP
WORKSTATI WORKSTATI AY /
WAY RK
WORKSTATI WORKSTATI ACCESS S
ON 1 ON 2 SERVER PRINTER
ON ON

Redundant P
LAN IEC
61850 H
PROCESS LEVELBAY LEVEL

BMU: BAY MEASUREMENT

BM UNIT
BPU BPU BPU: BAY PROTECTION UNIT
U BCU: BAY CONTROL UNIT
BM BM
U U
IEC 61850
BCU BCU BCU
WRAPPER
FUTURE
HIGH /
EXPANSIO
MEDIUM
N AUXILIARY LEGACY /
VOLTAGE
VOLTAGE I/O’s IED’s
EQUIPMEN
EQUIPMEN
T
T
CT, VT, DI, CT, VT, DI, CT, VT, DI, CT, VT, DI,
DO DO DO, AI DO, AI

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation
Human Machine Interface (HMI )
End of MBSC Overview

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation
BAY CONTROL UNIT (BCU)
.The REC670 is a Bay control IED

It is designed for the control, .1

monitoring and protection of
circuit breakers,
disconnectors, earthing
switches, transformer tap
changer and other controllable
field devices in different
.switchgear configurations
It can be integrated to a .2
substation automation system
and communicates with the
master station primarily using
.IEC 61850 protocol
Different functions which used .3
to be handled by different
devices for the control and
monitoring of a substation bay
is integrated into one intelligent
device called a Bay Control Unit
.or BCU
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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation
FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE

The main substation automation (SA) function

consists of several sub-functions which are
appropriately interfaced. These sub-functions are
known as Logical Nodes (LN). Logical nodes
reside in the IED which is also called a Logical.
The LN is the smallest part of a function, which
communicates with other LNs and which may be
.implemented in a separate IED

Device (LD). One logical device (IED1) holds one or

.multiple Logical Nodes (LN1 and LN2)
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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation
IEC 61850 offers the concept of logical nodes (LN) for
formally defining functions
FUNCTIONAL ARCHITECTURE

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

Substation Configauration Language

(SCL)

Type of SCL Files

SSD – System Specification Description
SCD – Substation Configuration Description
ICD – IED Capability Description
CID - Configured IED Description

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation
Substation Configuration Language (SCL)
The standard IEC 61850 requires that any
conformant IED has to provide an SCL based
description, i.e. a file with all its capabilities.
This IED Configuration Description (ICD)
may be supplied on data storage medium like
a CD or may be readable from the device
itself. Important is that this standardized file
can be read and written by all conformant
system engineering tools. This tool may also
contain a database with all ICDs for IEDs,
.which are common for the system integrator
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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

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IEC 61850 - Substation Automation

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