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Engineering Shear Stress Basics

This lecture discusses transverse shear in beams. It defines shear stress and explains that shear stress varies parabolically with depth, with the maximum at the neutral axis. The shear formula is introduced to calculate shear stress from the applied shear force V, moment of inertia I, and first moment of area Q. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating shear stress and shear flow at various points using the shear formula.

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Mohamad Irfan
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147 views10 pages

Engineering Shear Stress Basics

This lecture discusses transverse shear in beams. It defines shear stress and explains that shear stress varies parabolically with depth, with the maximum at the neutral axis. The shear formula is introduced to calculate shear stress from the applied shear force V, moment of inertia I, and first moment of area Q. Examples are provided to demonstrate calculating shear stress and shear flow at various points using the shear formula.

Uploaded by

Mohamad Irfan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EAT 115/4

Strength of Materials
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki Wan Omar

Lecture 1-add: Transverse Shear

1
Shear in Straight Members
When a shear V is applied, non-uniform shear-strain
distribution over the cross section will cause the
cross section to warp.
The relationship between moment and shear
is V  dM dx

Lecture 1: Transverse Shear


EAT115/Strength of Materials
2
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki
The Shear Formula
The shear formula is used to find the transverse
shear stress on the beam’s cross-sectional area.

VQ

It
where Q   ydA  y ' A'
A'

τ = the shear stress in the member


V = internal resultant shear force
I = moment of inertia of the entire cross-sectional area
t = width of the member’s cross-sectional area

Lecture 1: Transverse Shear


EAT115/Strength of Materials
3
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki
Shear Stresses in Beams
For rectangular cross section, shear stress varies
parabolically with depth and maximum shear stress
is along the neutral axis.

Lecture 1: Transverse Shear


EAT115/Strength of Materials
4
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki
Example 7.1
The beam is made of wood and is subjected to a resultant internal vertical shear
force of V = 3 kN. (a) Determine the shear stress in the beam at point P, and (b)
compute the maximum shear stress in the beam.

Solution:
(a) The moment of inertia of the cross sectional area
computed about the neutral axis is
1 3 1
bh  100 125  16.28 10 6 mm 4
3
I
12 12
 1 
Q  y A'  125   50   50100  18.75  10 4 mm3
 2 
Applying the shear formula, we have

p 
VQ

 
3 18.75  10 4 
 0.346 MPa (Ans)
It  
16.28  106 100 

Lecture 1: Transverse Shear


EAT115/Strength of Materials
5
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki
Solution:
(b) Maximum shear stress occurs at the neutral axis, since t is constant throughout
the cross section,

 65.2 
Q  y ' A'   100 62.5  19.53 10 mm
4 3

 2 

Applying the shear formula yields

 max 
VQ

  
3 19.53  10 4
 0.360 MPa (Ans)
It  
16.28  106 100

Lecture 1: Transverse Shear


EAT115/Strength of Materials
6
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki
Shear Flow in Built-Up Members
For fasteners it is necessary to know the shear force
by the fastener along the member’s length.
This loading is referred as the shear flow q,
measured as a force per unit length.

VQ q = shear flow
q V = internal resultant shear
I I = moment of inertia of the entire cross-sectional area

Lecture 1: Transverse Shear


EAT115/Strength of Materials
7
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki
Example 7.4
The beam is constructed from four boards glued together. If it is subjected to a
shear of V = 850 kN, determine the shear flow at B and C that must be resisted by
the glue.

Solution:
The neutral axis (centroid) will be located from the bottom
of the beam,
~y A
y
  0.1968 m
 A

 
6
The moment of inertia computed about the neutral axis is thus I  87.52 10 m
4

Since the glue at B and holds the top board to the beam

 
QB  y 'B A'B   0.305  0.1968 0.250  0.01  0.271 10 3 m 3

Lecture 1: Transverse Shear


EAT115/Strength of Materials
8
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki
Solution:
Likewise, the glue at C and C’ holds the inner board to the beam

 
QC  y 'C A'C   0.205  0.1968 0.125 0.01  0.01026 103 m 3

Therefore the shear flow for BB’ and CC’,

q'B  

VQB  850  0.27110 3 
 2.63 MN/m
6
I 87.52  10

q 'C  

VQC  850 0.01026 10 3 
 0.0996 MN/m
6
I 87.52  10

Since two seams are used to secure each board, the glue per meter length of
beam at each seam must be strong enough to resist one-half of each calculated
value of q’.

qB  1.31 MN/m and qC  0.0498 MN/m (Ans)

Lecture 1: Transverse Shear


EAT115/Strength of Materials
9
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki
Example 7.7
The thin-walled box beam is subjected to a shear of 10 kN. Determine the variation
of the shear flow throughout the cross section.

Solution: 1
The moment of inertia is I   6 8 3  1  4 6 3  184 mm 4
12 12
For point B, the area A'  0 thus q’B = 0.
Also, QC  y A'   3.5 51  17.5 cm 3
QD   y A'  2 21 4   30 cm3

VQC 1017.5 / 2 
For point C, qC    0.951 kN/cm  91.5 N/mm
I 184

The shear flow at D is


VQD 10 30 / 2
qD    1.63 kN/cm  163 N/mm
I 184
Lecture 1: Transverse Shear
EAT115/Strength of Materials
10
Dr. Wan Mohd Sabki

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