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2 Nature of Inquiry and Research

The document discusses the nature and meaning of inquiry and research. It defines inquiry as an effort to collect information by asking questions, while research is described as a more systematic process involving careful study to discover and report new knowledge. The document outlines several key aspects of inquiry and research, including their purposes, types, characteristics, and approaches. Inquiry and research both involve investigation through questioning, but research is a more complex process that follows specific stages and involves collaboration.

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Rye Lita Abardo
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366 views21 pages

2 Nature of Inquiry and Research

The document discusses the nature and meaning of inquiry and research. It defines inquiry as an effort to collect information by asking questions, while research is described as a more systematic process involving careful study to discover and report new knowledge. The document outlines several key aspects of inquiry and research, including their purposes, types, characteristics, and approaches. Inquiry and research both involve investigation through questioning, but research is a more complex process that follows specific stages and involves collaboration.

Uploaded by

Rye Lita Abardo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nature of Inquiry

and Research
INQUIRY
: an official effort to collect and examine information about something
: the act of asking questions in order to gather or collect information
: a systematic investigation often of a matter of public interest
Nature of Inquiry

Meaning of Inquiry (Inquiry-Based Learning)

-a learning process that motivates you to obtain knowledge or information about people, things, places,
or events. You do this by investigating or asking questions about something you are inquisitive about

-requires you to collect data, meaning, facts, and information about the object of your inquiry, and
examine such data carefully

-a problem-solving technique

-puts you in a situation where you need to probe, investigate, or ask questions to find answers or
solutions to what you are worried or doubtful about

-lets you proceed like scientists by imagining, speculating, interpreting, criticizing, and creating
something out of what you discover
GOVERNING PRINCIPLES OR FOUNDATION OF INQUIRY

Inquiry-based learning gets its support from three educational theories serving as its
foundation:

1. John Dewey’s theory of connected experiences for exploratory and


reflective thinking
2. Lev Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) that stresses
the essence of provocation and scaffolding in learning
3. Jerome Bruner’s theory on learners’ varied world perceptions for
their own interpretative thinking of people and things around them
Benefits of Inquiry-Based Learning
1.Elevates interpretative thinking through graphic skills
2. Improves student learning abilities
3. Widens learners’ vocabulary
4. Facilitates problem-solving acts
5. Increases social awareness and cultural knowledge
6. Encourages cooperative learning
7. Provides mastery of procedural knowledge
8. Encourages higher-order thinking strategies
9. Hastens conceptual understanding
GROUP WORK

1. Speculations: Recall a hottest issue in the country. Prove how inquisitive you are by
raising top-level probing questions about it.

2. Role-Playing: Two will act as police authorities investigating a criminal case while the
other two will play the role of suspected law violators. Ask probing questions.
RESEARCH
: careful study that is done to find and report new knowledge about something
: studious inquiry or examination; especially : investigation or experimentation aimed at
the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light
of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws
Meaning of Research
Research is a process of executing various mental acts for discovering and examining facts
and information to prove the accuracy or truthfulness of your claims or conclusions about the
topic of your research. It requires you to inquire or investigate about your chosen research
topic by asking questions that will make you engage yourself in top-level thinking strategies
of interpreting, analyzing, synthesizing, criticizing, appreciating, or creating to enable you to
discover truths about the many things you tend to wonder about the topic of you research
work. (Litchman 2013)
Research is analogous to inquiry, in that, both involve investigation of something through
questioning. However, the meaning of research is more complicated than inquiry because
it does not center mainly on raising questions about the topic, but also on carrying out a
particular order of research stages. Each stage of the research is not an individual task
because the knowledge you obtain through each stage comes not only from yourself but
other people as well. Thus, similar to inquiry, research involves cooperative learning.
Central to research is your way of discovering new knowledge, applying knowledge
in various ways as well as seeing relationships of ideas, events, and situations.
Research then puts you in a context where a problem exists. You have to collect
facts or information, study such data, and come up with a solution to the problem
based on the results of your analysis. It is a process requiring you to work logically
and systematically and collaboratively with others.
Characteristics of Research
1. Accuracy. It must give correct or accurate data, which the footnotes, notes, and
bibliographical entries should honestly and appropriately documented or acknowledged.
2. Objectiveness. It must deal with facts, not with mere opinions arising from
assumptions, generalizations, predictions, or conclusions.
3. Timeliness. It must work on topic that is fresh, new, and interesting to the present
society.
4. Relevance. Its topic must be instrumental in improving society or in solving
problems affecting the lives of people in a community.
5. Clarity. It must succeed in expressing its central point or discoveries by using simple,
direct, concise, and correct language.
6. Systematic. It must take place in an organized or orderly manner.
Purposes of Research
1. To learn how to work independently
2. To learn how to work scientifically or systematically
3. To have an in-depth knowledge of something
4. To elevate your mental abilities by letting you think in higher-order thinking strategies (HOTS)
of inferring, evaluating, synthesizing, appreciating, applying, and creating
5. To improve your reading and writing skills
6. To be familiar with the basic tools of research and the various techniques of gathering data and
of presenting research findings
7. To free yourself, to a certain extent, from the domination or string influence of a single textbook
or of the professor’s lone viewpoint or spoon feeding
Types of Research
Based on Application of Research Method

Is the research applied to theoretical or practical issues? If


it deals with concepts, principles, or abstract things, it is
Pure Research. This type of research aims to increase your
knowledge about something. However, if your intention is
to apply your chosen research to societal problems or
issues, finding ways to make positive changes in society,
you call your research, Applied Research.
Types of Research
Based on Purpose of the Research

Depending on your objective or goal in


conducting research, you do any of these types
of research: Descriptive, Correlational,
Explanatory, Exploratory, or Action.
1. Descriptive Research – aims at defining or giving a verbal
portrayal or picture of a person, thing, event, group, situation,
etc. This is liable to repeated research because its topic relates
itself only to a certain period or a limited number of years.
Based on the results of your descriptive studies about a subject,
you develop the inclination of conducting further studies on
such topic.
2. Correlational Research – shows relationships or
connectedness of two factors, circumstances, or agents called
variables that affect the research. It is only concerned in
indicating the existence of a relationship, not the causes and
ways of the development of such relationship.
3. Explanatory Research – elaborates or explains not just
the reasons behind the relationship of two factors, but also
the ways by which such relationship exists.
4. Exploratory Research – an exploratory research’s
purpose is to find out how reasonable or possible it is to
conduct a research study on a certain topic. Here, you will
discover ideas on topics that could trigger your interest in
conducting research studies.
5. Action Research – studies an ongoing practice of a
school, organization, community, or institution for the
purpose of obtaining results that will bring improvements in
the system. This is either a research initiated to solve an
immediate problem or a reflective process of progressive
problem solving led by individuals working with others in
teams or as a part of a “community of practice” to improve
the way they address issues and solve problems. Denscombre
(2010) writes that an action research strategy’s purpose is to
solve a particular problem and to produce guidelines for best
practice.
Types of Research
Based on Purpose of the Research
After choosing your topic for research, what is your next step?
In other words, how are you going to approach or begin your
research, deal with your data, and establish a connection
among all things or activities involved in your research? There
are three (3) approaches that you can choose from.

1. Scientific or Positive Approach


2. Naturalistic Approach
3. Triangulation Approach
The first is the Scientific or Positive Approach, in which
you discover and measure information as well as observe
and control variables in an impersonal manner. It allows
control of variables. Therefore, the data gathering
techniques appropriate for this approach are structured
interviews, questionnaires, and observational checklists.
Data given by these techniques are expressed through
numbers, which means that this method is suitable for
quantitative research.
The second approach is the Naturalistic Approach. In
contrast to the Scientific Approach that uses numbers to
express data, the naturalistic approach uses words. This
research approach directs you to deal with qualitative
data that speak of how people behave toward their
surroundings. These are non-numerical data that express
truths about the way people perceive or understand the
world. Since people look at their world in a subjective or
personal basis in an uncontrolled or unstructured manner,
a naturalistic approach happens in a natural setting.
Is it possible to plan your research activities based on
these two approaches? Combining these two
approaches leads you to the third one, called
Triangulation Approach. In this case, you are free to
gather and analyze data using multiple methods,
allowing you to combine or mix up research
approaches , research types, data gathering, and data
analysis techniques. Triangulation approach gives you
the opportunity to view every angle of the research
from different perspectives.

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