Industrial safety is primarily a
management activity which is
concerned with
Reducing
Controlling
Eliminating hazards from the industries
or industrial units.
Significance of Industrial Safety
Industrial causes a great loss to both the
Employer & Employee, that’s it is having
importance
Cost of compensation
Cost of medical-aid
Cost of training a new worker
Cost of the lost time
Cost of investigation
Cost of supervision & inspections
Cost to the Govt. in terms of factory
inspectors, & public health services
Contd.
Cost of spoilage of materials
Cost of the damage of machinery
Cost of cost of wages payble during injury
Cost of loss of morale; &
Cost of loss to the worker and his family
To prevent accidents in the plant by reducing the hazard to minimum.
To eliminate accident caused work stoppage and lost production.
To achieve lower workmen’s compensation, insurance rates and reduce
all other direct and indirect costs of accidents.
To prevent loss of life, permanent disability and the loss of income of
worker by eliminating causes of accidents.
To evaluate employee’s morale by promoting safe work place and good
working condition
To educate all members of the organization in continuous state of safety
mindless and to make supervision competent and intensely safety
minded.
Causes of Industrial Accidents
1. Unsafe conditions
a. The job itself
b. Work schedules
c. Psychological conditions
d. Machinery & Equipment
2. Unsafe Acts
3. Miscellaneous Causes
Safety Management Function
Measures to ensure Industrial Safety
1. Safety Policy
2. Safety Committee
3. Safety Engineering
a. Guarding of machinery
b. Material handling equipment
c. Safety devices
d. Ergonomics
e. Plant maintenance
f. General house keeping
4. Safety Education & Training
5. Role of Government
Engineering: i.e. safety at the design, equipment installation
stage.
Education: i.e. education of employees in safe practices.
Enlistment: i.e. it concerns the attitude of the employees and
management towards the programmed and its purpose. This
necessary arose the interest of employees in accident
prevention and safety consciousness.
Encouragement: i.e. to enforce adherence to safe rules and
practices.
Safety audit –
A safety audit subjects each area of a company’s activity to a
systematic critical examination with the object of minimizing
loss.
Safety survey-
A safety survey is a detailed examination in depth of a narrower
field of activity.
Safety inspection-
A routine scheduled inspection of a unit or department, which
may be
carried out by someone ( may be a safety representative ) from
within the unit, possibly
accompanied by the safety advisor. The inspection would check
maintenance standards,
21 - Fencing of machinery
22 - Work on or near machinery in motion
23 - Employment of young persons on dangerous
machines.
24 - Striking gear and devices for cutting off power
25 - Self-acting machines
26 - Casing of new machinery
27 - Prohibition of employment of women and children
near cotton-openers
28 - Hoists and lifts
29 - Lifting machines, chains, ropes and lifting tackles
30 - Revolving machinery
31 - Pressure plant
32 - Floors, stairs and means of access
33 - Pits, sumps openings in floors, etc
34 - Excessive weights
35 - Protection of eyes.
36 - Precautions against dangerous fumes, gases
36A - Precautions regarding the use of portable electric light.
37 - Explosive or inflammable dust, gas, etc
38 - Precautions in case of fire
39 - Power to require specifications of defective parts or tests
of stability
40 - Safety of buildings and machinery
40A - Maintenance of buildings
40B - Safety Officers
41 - Power to make rules to supplement this Chapter
Measurement & Records of
Accidents
Two main ratios used to measure accidents are
1. Accident Frequency Rate
2. Accident Severity Rate
AFC = No. of injuries * 10,00,000/ Total no.
of man hours worked
ASR = no. of man day lost * 10,00,000/Total
no. of man hours worked
Stipulate a national minimum wage to give people dignity.
Institute a comprehensive social security legislation
covering unemployment, health insurance, old age
pension, disability and regulation of employment for all
workers.
Ensure gainful rehabilitation in terms of alternate land,
livelihood, shelter, and all basic necessities concerning
health, education and connectivity for all people displaced
by development projects, closures, lockouts, relocation,
man-made and natural disaster.
Institute employment guarantee for urban and rural areas
throughout the year with separate cards for women and
for all adults who demand employment.
Introduce special programs to impart training and
entrepreneurial skills, capital and credit facilities without
collateral and market support to women-headed
households and all women.
Enforce existing labour laws in special economic zones,
export promotion zones and free trade zones.
Ensure full-time wage work for poor women and skill and
entrepreneurship training for self employed women.
Govt. schemes for women must ensure equal pay even if the task are
not same.
Crèches must be provided for all women’s.
Minimum wages for women in the informal sector and domestic
work.
Equal wages and occupational safety for women construction
workers.
Work related schemes should be based on market trends.
All workers in all sectors should be given identity cards.
