Mobile network
layer- Mobile IP
Mrs. C. Tamil Selvi., b.e., m.tech., (pH.d)
Assistant professor / Department of IT
Dr. MGR educational and research institute
Overview of the presentation
►What is Mobile IP ?
►Requirements for Mobile IP
►Entities and Terminology
►IP Packet Delivery
►Agent Discovery
►Registration
►Tunneling
►Encapsulation
►Types of encapsulation
►Reverse Tunneling
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BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
What is Mobile IP ?
• It adds mobility support to the internet network
layer protocol IP
• IP is the common base for thousands of applications
and runs over dozens of different networks.
• This is the reason for supporting mobility at the IP
layer
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BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Requirements for Mobile IP
COMPATIBILITY
No changes to current hosts, OS, routers
Mobile end-systems can communicate with fixed
systems
TRANSPARENCY
Mobile end-systems keep IP address
Continuous service after link interruption
EFFICIENCY AND SCALABILITY
Only few additional messages to mobile system (low
bandwidth)
Global support for large number of mobile systems
SECURITY 4
Authentication of all registration messages
BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Entities and
Mobile Node (MN)
Terminology
Laptop, PDA, etc.. that may move about
Home Agent (HA)
Router in home network of the MN, helps in forwarding
registers current MN location, tunnels IP datagrams to COA
Foreign Agent (FA)
Router in current foreign network of MN
forwards tunneled datagrams to the MN
Care-of Address (COA)
The COA defines the current location of the MN from an IP point of
view.
All IP packets sent to the MN are delivered to the COA, not directly
to the IP address of the MN
The COA marks the tunnel endpoint, i.e., the address where packets
exit the tunnel.
Correspondent Node (CN) 5
Node that wants to communicate with MN BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Example network
HA
MN
router mobile end-system
Internet
home network
FA
foreign
(physical home network network
for the MN)
router
(current physical
network for the MN)
CN
6
end-system router BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
IP Packet Delivery
1. Sender sends to the IP address of MN, HA intercepts packet
2. HA tunnels packet to COA by encapsulation
3. FA forwards the packet to MN
4. Reverse: Sender sends to IP address of receiver, FA is default
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router
BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Agent Discovery
Agent advertisement
Agent solicitation
BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Registration
MN signals COA to the HA via the FA, HA
acknowledges
Messages need to be secured by authentication
Registration of a mobile node via the FA
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or
directly with the HA
BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Tunneling
The mechanisms used for forwarding packets
between the HA and the COA
A tunnel establishes a virtual pipe for data
packets between a tunnel entry and a tunnel
endpoint.
Packets entering a tunnel are forwarded inside
the tunnel and leave the tunnel unchanged.
Tunneling is achieved by using encapsulation.
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BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Encapsulation
• Encapsulation is the mechanism of taking a
packet consisting of packet header and data
and putting it into the data part of a new
packet.
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BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Types of
IP-in-IP encapsulation - Mandatory for mobile IP is
encapsulation
IP-in-IP encapsulation
Minimal encapsulation - Redundant fields are
removed.
Generic routing encapsulation – supports other
network layer protocols in addition to IP. It allows the
encapsulation of packets of one protocol suite into the
payload portion of a packet of another protocol suite
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BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Reverse Tunneling
The return path from the MN to the CN
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BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
Recap
►What is Mobile IP ?
►Requirements for Mobile IP
►Entities and Terminology
►IP Packet Delivery
►Agent Discovery
►Registration
►Tunneling
►Encapsulation
►Types of encapsulation
►Reverse Tunneling
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BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
y ou
an k
T h
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BIT17005 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
Mrs. C.TAMILSELVI
A.P , Dept of IT
