“How do you know I have a
learning disability? Maybe you
have a teaching disability!”
1. NATUREOF SPECIAL
EDUCATION
2. EXCEPTIONAL
CHILDREN
3. LABELS AND LANGUAGE
OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
4. DEFINING NORMALITY
AND ABNORMALITY
5. RECIPIENTS OF SPECIAL
EDUCATION
General education is the standard
curriculum presented with standard
teaching methods and without additional
supports.
• An educational program or
service designed to meet the
needs of children with special
needs who cannot profit
from general or regular
education because of
disabilities or exceptional
abilities.
• Preventive: Designed •Individually planned
to keep minor
problems from •Specialized
becoming a disability •Intensive
• Remedial: Attempt to •Goal-directed
eliminate the effects
of a disability
• Compensatory: Enable
successful functioning
in spite of the
disability
SPECIAL EDUCATION refers to the
education of persons who are
GIFTED OR TALENTED and those who
have PHYSICAL, MENTAL, SOCIAL OR
SENSORY IMPAIRMENT AND
CULTURAL
DIFFERENCES so as to
Special
Education modifications require of the
Division curricula, programs school
and special
Philippines services and physical facilities to
Memorandum:
develop them to their maximum
capacity.
The loss or reduced A problem encountered
function of a body part when interacting with the
or organ / Physical environment / Social
Role
Exists when an Children who have a
impairment limits the greater-than-usual
ability to perform chance of developing a
certain tasks disability
assessment encompasses all those a written statement, developed
functions in the testing and by the assessment team
diagnostic process leading up to a translating the child's evaluation
development of an appropriate, and information into a practical
individualized educational program plan for instruction and delivery
and placement for a handicapped of services.
child
When professionals apply skills to The treatment of an illness or
maintain or improve an disabling condition is referred to
individual's functioning, the as therapy. For children with
process is known as intervention. exceptionalities, the major types
Intervention includes employed are speech therapy,
habilitation, rehabilitation, and occupational therapy, and
remediation. physical therapy.
• All the efforts to uphold the rights and dignity of
children with disabilities primarily root from
the philosophical understanding of man.
The physical attributes and/or learning abilities
of children differ from the norm to such an
extent that they require an individualized
program of education to FULLY BENEFIT from
education.
NORM
students Students
with with special
disabilities gifts or talents
Who Are Exceptional Children?
BOTH
EXTREMES
SPECIAL
DISTINCTNESS
ENVIRONMEN
T
CHARACTERISTIC
S OF
EXCEPTIONAL
CHILDREN
NO BENEFIT FROM DEVIATIO
REGULAR TEACHING N
DIMENSIONS
ACCEPTANCE, LOVE, PATIENCE AND
UNDERSTANDING
INDIVIDUAL EQUAL RIGHT
DIFFERENCES
IDENTIFICATION
SPECIFIC GOALS
AND PLACEMENT
COMPETENT INDIVIDUALIZED
PERSONS TEACHING
SPECIAL CONTINUOUS
CURRICULUM REASSESSMENT
INTEGRAL PART TEAM APPROACH
•Labelling or labeling is
describing someone
or something in a
word or short phrase.
•Recognizing differences •Helps professionals
in learning and behavior communicate and
is the first step to disseminate research
responding responsibly findings
to those differences •Funding and resources
•May lead to more are often based on
acceptance of atypical categories
behavior by peers •Helps advocacy groups
•Helps professionals promote more
communicate and awareness
disseminate research •Makes special needs
findings more visible
•Focuses on what students •May take the role of fictional
cannot do explanatory constructs
•May stigmatize the child •Takes away from the child’s
and lead to peer rejection individuality
•May negatively affect •Suggest that there is
self-esteem something wrong with the
•May cause others to have child
low expectations for the •Labels have permanence
student •Basis for keeping children out
•Disproportionate number of the regular classroom
of culturally diverse groups •Requires great expenditure
are labeled that might be better spent on
planning & delivering instruction
The absence of illness and the presence
of state of well being
NORMALITY
The significant deviation from commonly
accepted patterns of behavior, emotion or
thought
NORMALITY
ABNORMALITY ABNORMALITY
•Maladaptive and cause an individual
significant discomfort
•Behaviors may be considered abnormal if
they are associated with disability,
personal distress, the violation of social
norms, or dysfunction
People who behave normally are those
who act and behave in an average, typical
way.
Statistically speaking, normal behavior is
that which we would expect from the
majority of people.
Abnormal, therefore, refers to any behavior
that is not typical.
PHYSICALLY
EXCEPTIONAL
MENTALLY EXCEPTIONAL EDUCATIONALLY
EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN EXCEPTIONAL
SOCIALLY
EXCEPTIONA
L
14 Special Education
Categories/Disability
Categories
1. Autism 8. Orthopedic Impairment
2. Deaf-blindness 9.Other Health impairment
3. Deafness 10.Specific Learning Disability
4. Emotional Disturbance 11.Speech or Language
5. Intellectual Disability Impairment
6. Hearing Impairment 12. Traumatic Brain Injury
7. Multiple Disabilities 13. Visual Impairment
14. Gifted
SPEECH/LA
SENSORY HEARING
NGUAGE
VISUAL
IMPAIRE
IMPAIRED
IMPAIRE D
DISABLE D
MOTOR ORTHOPEDI
DISABLED C
IMPAIRED
OTHER TRAUMATI
MULTIPL DEAF-
HEALT C BRAIN
E BLINDNES INJURY
H
S
DISABLED IMPAIRME
NT
MENTALLY
GIFTED / RETARDED OR
AUTISM
INTELLECTUALL
CREATIV Y
E DISABLED
EDUCATIONALLY BRIGHT
EDUCATIONALLY BACKWARD
LEARNING DISABLED CHILDREN
Ms Samriti Mona
DEPRIVED CHILDREN
MALADJUSTED CHILDREN
PROBLEMATIC CHILDREN
JUVENILE DELINQUENT
EMOTIONALLY
DISTURBED
Special Education Law Resource File. Web site:
http://emquinlansped.weebly.com/index.html
Department of Education, Philippines. http://www.deped.gov.ph/
http://www.scribd.com/doc/21371406/Special-Education-Division-
Philippines-Memorandum
http://idea.ed.gov/explore/home
National Information Center for Children and Youth with disabilities.
Web
site: http://www.nichcy.org/trainpkg/traintxt/7addonly.htm
http://www.help4specialeducation.com/page6/page6.html
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/pages/7196http://www.education.com/refere
nce/article/labeling-eligibility-special-education/?page=2
