ST.
MARTIN ISLAND
COURSE NAME: NATIONAL CULTURE &HERITAGE
COURSE CODE: NCH101
SECTION: 4
PRESENTED BY,
• Rubaiya Tasnim…………………….ID:1731652
• SHAHINA ANSARY…………...........ID:1731253
• Name:Nadia Sultan………………….ID:1731589
• Name: MD.Zahidur Rahman ………….ID: 1621313
CONTENT:
• HISTORY
• GEOGRAPHY
• CLIMATE
• SPECIAL FEATURES
• TOURIST ATTRACTION
• PROBLEM
• RECOMMENDATION
HISTORY
The first settlement started 250 years ago by Arabian sailors who
named the island ‘Jazeera’. During British occupation the island was
named St. Martin Island. During the First Anglo-Burmese War
between the British and Burmese empires in 1824–1826, rival claims to
the island were a major factor. The local names of the island are
“Narikel jinjira” which means ‘Coconut Island’ in Bengali, and
“Daruchini Dwip” which means “Cinnamon island” in Bengali. It is the
only coral island in Bangladesh.
GEOGRAPHY
It is about 8 km west of the northwest coast
of Myanmar at the mouth of the river naf.
The island lies between 92°18´ and 92°21´E
longitudes and 20°34´ and 20°39´N latitudes.
The local people call it Narikel Jinjira. It is
almost flat and is 3.6m above the mean sea
level. The 9.66 km wide channel between the
mainland and the island is much shallower
than the open sea southwest of the island.
There are reefs from 10-15 km to the west-
northwest.
CLIMATE
Although it lies within the tropical belt, the
climate of the Island is heavily influenced
by the subtropical monsoonal climate that
prevails over Bangladesh. From October to
February the weather is mild with low
rainfall. The hot season extends from March
to May, and the monsoon during which most
rains are concentrated extends from June to
September.
CLIMATE:
Average temperature per month: Average temperatures and precipitation on
St. Martin:
jan feb mar apr may june jul aug sept oct nov dec
Rainfall in 2.6 1.8 1.6 2.4 3.9 2.9 3.1 4.1 5.3 4.9 4.9 3.3
inches
Temp.in ̊F 82 83 84 84 86 87 89 88 88 87 85 83
Water in̊ F 80 79 80 81 82 83 83 84 84 85 83 82
SPECIAL FEATURES:
• St. Martin’s Island is a dumb-
bellshaped sedimentary continental
island located on the eastern flank of
an anticline, which like Chittagong
may be part of the Arakan
YomaNaga folded system. The
surface area of theIsland is about 8
km2 depending on the tidal level.
SPECIAL FEATURES:
• Geology
• Geomorphology
• Sea water
• Freshwater
GEOLOGY
• A sequence of marine sedimentary rocks
is exposed on the Island, ranging in age
from Late Miocene (around 11.6 to 5.3
million years before present) to Recent.
• The base rock is grey to bluish-grey
Girujan Clay Shale (Pliocene - 5.3 to 2.6
million years before present) inter-
bedded with subordinate sandstone.
Geomorphology:
• St. Martin’s Island is a dumb-
bellshaped sedimentary continental
island located on the eastern flank of
an anticline, which like Chittagong
may be part of the Arakan YomaNaga
folded system (Warrick et. al., 1993).
The surface area of theIsland is about
8 km2 depending on the tidal level.
SEA WATER
• Surface circulation in the Bay of
Bengal is determined by the monsoon
winds and to some extent by the
hydrological characteristics of the open
part of the Indian Ocean.
• coral reef development is inhibited due
to low water salinity, high turbidity and
the soft substrates present.
Freshwater:
• The shelly limestone and recent
marine sand are the chief sources of
fresh water.
Tourist Attractions:
• Saint Martin's Island is the only coral island of Bangladesh and one of
the Bangladesh Eco-Tourism Destinations. This Bangladesh Marine
Paradise is located in the northeast part of the Bay of Bengal, just about
9 km south off the tip of the Cox's Bazar-Teknaf peninsula and 8 km
west off the northwest coast of Myanmar.
• It is at the mouth of the Naf River. This island forms the southernmost
part of Bangladesh. Among the locals this island is known as Narikel
Jinjira (Coconut Island). Saint Martin's Island is an unique location
for Island getaway in Bangladesh.
Saint Martin's Island Tourist Attractions:
1.Saint Martin's island is rich in marine life. However, the southern tip of the island hosts
more species and at some places also has some mangrove forests. Several endangered
species of turtles nest on the island and many marine fish species dwells in the
surrounding water
2. Saint Martin's island is abundant in corals and some is exclusive to the island itself.
The surrounding coral reef of the island has an extension named Chera Dweep. Tourists
often travel to this island to go for a scuba dive or snorkelling in the Bay of Bengal.
3. The nights at Saint Martin Island are calm and quiet with gentle murmurs of the
coconut trees swaying with the winds coming from the bay. The moonlit night on the
island provides an unearthly peaceful and majestic experience.
4. Last but not least, eateries here offers BBQ dinner with fresh marine fish or lobsters.
Problems:
Saint Martin's Island is a coral island. Coral reefs are
particularly susceptible to human activities because most
corals reefs occur in shallow water near shore where human
impacts are the greatest. Here are some problem of Saint
Martin's Island facing.
1.Oil pollution and heavy metal pollution
2. Sewage and chemical pollution from fertilizer runoff lead
to coral destruction. At present most sewage from hotels is
piped into the sea.
3. Constructions of buildings and hotels.
4. Algae and sea grass removal
5. Mangrove, sand dunes and hills are being cut down and
destroyed.
Problems:
• 6. The island dependent on generators produces heavy
pollution and continuous loud sound which threaten marine
life.
7. Over fishing, destructive fishing practices including use of
cyanide and dynamite. The sea is often invaded by foreign
fishing trawlers. The fishing net catches turtle and instead of
freeing them which is cumbersome the turtles are killed.
8. Coral extraction under sea for building materials and for
souvenir trade
9. Ocean warming and rising carbon dioxide. Global warming
increases temperature in the sea and harms zooxanthellae
algae on which hard corals depend.
10. Loss of habitat and sanctuary for marine life dependent on
the island’s ecosystem.
RECOMMENDATION:
• Time
• Food
• Transport
• Locations
THANK YOU
