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ANALOG
Y
By:
Imperial, Mark Harrold
Macaraig, Yance Pocholo c.
Ramos , Rommel L.
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What is analogy?
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Definition of Analogy
analogy is a comparison between
two things or ideas to highlight
some point of similarity.
a n a l o g y m a k e c o m p l e x s u b j e c t s
easier to undestand
analogy is not merely to show, but
also to explain
can use different types of
relationships to compare words.
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Example:
butterflies : swarm :: fish : school
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How to do Analogies
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Learn to distinguish metaphors, similes, and
analogies.
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Learn the analogy
symbols
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Master the common
types of analogical
relationships
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Establish the type of relationship
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Determine if your comparison needs an analogy.
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Make a direct connection.
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Avoid over –comparing.
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Types of Analogy
The following list of literary
devices all qualify as analogies.
Metaphor:
a metaphor compares two subjects
without any connecting words
such as "like" or "as." metaphors
are compares for rhetorical effect.
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Example:
The car seat is a fluffy cloud.
Custard is happiness in a bowl.
My baby brother is a cute little teddy bear.
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Simile:
comparison between two things
using the connecting words "like"
or "as." not
quite as strong of a comparison as
metaphor, simile still requires the
reader to understand the
similarities
between the two things and make
new cognitive links.
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Example:
They fought like cats and dogs.
You were brave as a lion.
He is as strong as an ox.
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Allegory
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allegory is a story in which the
characters, images, and/or events
function as symbols. These symbols
can be interpreted to have deeper
significance and may illustrate moral
truths or a political or historical
situation.
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Parable
s i m i l a r t o a l l e g o r y, t h o u g h m o r e
condensed, a parable is a simple story
used to illustrate an instructive lesson
or principal.
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Exemplification
exemplification is the relation between
a sample and what it refers to. For
example, if a sign at an arboretum said
"oak" in front of an oak tree, that tree
would be an exemplification of the label.
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Types of Comparisons/
Relating factors
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Antonyms
On is to off as black is to white.
Girl is to boy as up is to down.
night : day :: happy : sad
pairs that
show an
opposite
relationship
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Synonyms
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Beige is to tan as Fall is to autumn.
Couch is to sofa as bush is to shrub.
husband : spouse :: baby : infant
pairs that show
a similar
relationship or
have the same
meaning
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Cause and Effect
Rain is to umbrella as hungry is to eat.
Fire is to smoke as diet is to lose weight .
thirsty : drink ::
study : make good grades
One word in a
pair describes a
condition or
action, while the
other word
describes an
outcome 2
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Part to Whole
monitor is to computer as finger is to hand
pitcher is to baseball as lettuce is to salad
student : classroom :: leaf : tree
pairs that
show the first
word as part
of the second
word or vice
versa
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Location
Fish is to sea as moose is to Forest
Where
something
can be found
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Action and Object
boil : egg :: throw : ball
In these
items, the
object always
receives the
action
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Performer styleAction
What’s the relationship?
Author : Write :: Chef : Cook.
In these
items, a
person is
doing
something
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Performer style
and Object
Cashier : Cash :: Plumber : Pipe
A person
working with
a tangible
object
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Function
knife : cut :: pen : write
How
something
works
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Characteristic Quality
puppies : furry :: fish : slippery
Describes
something
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Classification
Ballet : dance :: frog : amphibian
Puts
something in
a category
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THANK YOU!
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QUIZstyle
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Create your own example of analogy based on the given
relations.
Antonyms
Synonyms
Cause and Effect
Part to Whole
Location
Action and Object
Performer and action
Performer and Object
Function
Characteristic Quality
Classification
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