Advanced Microprocessors
80286,80386 and 80486
i3,i5 and i7
80286
80286 is an first advanced Processor with Memory management
unit and Protection abilities
24 bit address bus available which can address 16 Mbytes of
Physical memory
It runs with 12.5Mhz clock frequency
It is compatible with its predecessors like 8086 and 8088
processors
It works in 2 operating modes like
Address mode &
Virtual Address mode
Real Address mode: 80286 can address up to 1Mb of
physical memory address like 8086
Virtual Address mode:it can address up to 16 Mb of
physical memory address space and 1 Gb of virtual
memory address space
In real address mode, the 80286 is object code
compatible with 8086.
In protected virtual address mode, it is source code
compatible with 8086
Comparison between 8086 and 80286
8086 80286
Intel 8086 was developed in 1978 Intel 80286 was developed 1983
It has almost 3000 different More instructions available
instruction for programming compared to 8086
Peripheral ICs are not available on Peripheral ICs are available on
board Board
Operating frequencies are between Operating frequencies are between
5 to 10MHz 8 to 12.5MHz
No memory management capability 80286 has memory management
20 bit address line, which can capability that maps 2^30 (1GB)
access 2^20=1MB memory virtual memory
8086 operates in Real addressing
Operates in Real mode and
mode protection mode
808286 is high speed processor
Slow performance compared with compared with 8086. almost 6 times
80286 .
Push , pop and push immediately
Push and pop instructions are used instructions are availabe
to store in stack memory
Features of 80386
It is an 32 bit processor that supports 8,16 and 32-bit operands.
It has 32 bit registers , 32 bit internal and external bus and 32 bit
address bus
Due to 32 bit address bus, it can address up to 4 GB of physical
memory
It can support total virtual memory space almost 64 terra byte
It is available in 275 K transistors
Its operating clock speed is 16 Mhz to 33Mhz
This processor has memory management unit with a segmentation
unit and paging unit
It operates in Real, Protected and virtual mode
Its 80386 instructions set is upward compatible with all its
predecessors
80386 processor supports intel 80387 numeric data processor.
Comparison between 80286 and 80386
80286 80386
Intel 80286 was developed in Intel 80386 was developed in
1983 and it is advanced 1985 and it is advanced
version of 80186 version of 80286
16 bit processor 32 bit processor
275K transistor in 132 pin IC
134K transistor in a 68 pin IC
32 bit data and 32 bit address
24 bit address lines , 16 MB
lines , 4GB of physical
of physical memory can be address it can support
accessed Supports numeric processors
80286 support numeric It is having 16 byte prefetch
processors queue
8 byte prefetch queue
Features of 80486
It has complete 32 bit architecture
It is available in 25 Mhz, 33Mhz, 50Mhz and 100Mhz clock
frequency versions
More pipe lining has been introduced to improve the performance
Floating point unit is integrated with 80486 processor and hence the
delay in communication between CPU and FPU has been eliminated
For fast execution of complex instructions, 80486 has 5 stage
pipelining 2- decoding and 3 for execution
Clock doubling and clock tripling technology is incorporated in faster
versions of intel 80486 cpu
Power management mode is standard feature of 80486
