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Operating System: Geraldine D. Gallogo

The operating system is software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an interface between the user and computer hardware, controlling execution of programs and performing basic tasks like memory management, processor management, device management, file management, and security. Key functions of the operating system include allocating and managing memory, processors, devices, and files; controlling system performance; providing job accounting; and detecting and handling errors.

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Erica Gaytos
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22 views

Operating System: Geraldine D. Gallogo

The operating system is software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an interface between the user and computer hardware, controlling execution of programs and performing basic tasks like memory management, processor management, device management, file management, and security. Key functions of the operating system include allocating and managing memory, processors, devices, and files; controlling system performance; providing job accounting; and detecting and handling errors.

Uploaded by

Erica Gaytos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OPERATING SYSTEM

Geraldine D. Gallogo
Objectives:

• Describe the general organization of a computer system.


• Understand the function of operating system.
• Recognize some important activities of operating system.
Definition

• An operating system (OS) is a collection of


software that manages computer hardware
resources and provides common services for
computer programs.
• The operating system is a vital component of the
system software in a computer system.
• It is an interface between a computer user and
computer hardware.
• It is a software which performs all the basic
tasks like file management, memory
management, process management, handling
input and output, and controlling peripheral
devices such as disk drives and printers.
• It is also program that acts as an interface
between the user and the computer hardware
and controls the execution of all kinds of
programs.
Following are some of important functions of
an operating System.

• Memory Management • Control over system


• Processor Management performance
• Device Management • Job accounting
• File Management • Error detecting aids
• Security • Coordination between other
software and users
Memory Management

• Memory management refers to management of


Primary Memory or Main Memory.
• Main memory is a large array of words or bytes where
each word or byte has its owMain memory provides a
fast storage that can be accessed directly by the
CPU. For a program to be executed, it must in the
main memory.
An OS does the following activities for memory management −

• Keeps tracks of primary memory, i.e., what part of it


are in use by whom, what part are not in use.
• In multiprogramming, the OS decides which process
will get memory when and how much.
• Allocates the memory when a process requests it to
do so.
• De-allocates the memory when a process no longer
needs it or has been terminated.
Processor Management

• In multiprogramming environment, the OS decides


which process gets the processor when and for how
much time. This function is called process
scheduling.
An OS does the following activities for
processor management −

• Keeps tracks of processor and status of


process. The program responsible for this task
is known as traffic controller.
• Allocates the processor (CPU) to a process.
• De-allocates processor when a process is no
longer required.
Device Management
• An Operating System manages device communication
via their respective drivers. It does the following
activities for device management −
• Keeps tracks of all devices. Program responsible for this
task is known as the I/O controller.
• Decides which process gets the device when and for how
much time.
• Allocates the device in the efficient way.
• De-allocates devices.
File Management

• A file system is normally organized into


directories for easy navigation and usage.
These directories may contain files and other
directions.
An OS does the following activities for file
management −

• Keeps track of information, location, uses,


status etc. The collective facilities are often
known as file system.
• Decides who gets the resources.
• Allocates the resources.
• De-allocates the resources.
Other Important Activities

• Following are some of the important activities that


an Operating System performs −
• Security − By means of password and similar other
techniques, it prevents unauthorized access to
programs and data.
• Control over system performance − Recording delays
between request for a service and response from the
system.
• Job accounting − Keeping track of time and resources
used by various jobs and users.
Continution...

• Error detecting aids − Production of dumps, traces,


error messages, and other debugging and error
detecting aids.
• Coordination between other softwares and users −
Coordination and assignment of compilers,
interpreters, assemblers and other software to the
various users of the computer systems.
End...

Questions????

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