Accredited Pollution Control Officer

Accredited Safety & Health Consultant

Certified Pest Applicator - Fumigator
ISO 9001:2000 Process Owner
 JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS (JHA) is a
procedure to make a job safe by:

1) Identifying the hazards or potential accidents

associated with each step of the job.

2) Developing a solution for each hazard that will

either eliminate or control the exposure.

 JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS (JHA) is a

program element of the Plant Safety & Health
Program.
 JOB/TASK
LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT PLANNED ANALYSIS JOB/TASK
ADMINISTRATION TRAINING INSPECTION & PROCEDURES OBSERVATION

ACCIDENT & ACCIDENT &

PERSONAL ORGANIZATIONAL HIRING & INCIDENT INCIDENT
COMMUNICATION RULES PLACEMENT INVESTIGATION ANALYSIS

PURCHSING & HEALTH PERSONAL

ENGINEERING EMPLOYEE CONTROL & PROTECTIVE MEASUREMENT
CONTROLS TRAINING SERVICES EQUIPMENT AUDIT SYSTEM

GROUP GENERAL EMERGENCY RECORDS & OFF-THE-JOB

MEETINGS PROMOTIONS PREPAREDNESS REPORTS SAFETY
 BASIC STEPS IN PREPARING A
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS (JHA)
1 Selecting a JHA Team.

2 Establishing JHA Priorities.

3 Performing a JHA.

4 Identifying Basic Job Steps.

5 Determining Existing & Potential Hazards.

6 Recommending Corrective Measures.

 Involving others in the
process can reduce the
possibility of
overlooking an
individual job step or
potential hazard.

 It also increases the

likelihood of identifying
the most appropriate
measures of
eliminating or
controlling the hazards.
 An effective Job Hazard Analysis team usually
include:

 The supervisor.

 The employee most familiar with how the job is

done and its related hazards.

 Other employees who perform the job.

 Experts or specialist when necessary, such as

maintenance personnel, occupational hygienist,
ergonomists, or design engineers.
 Establishing PRIORITIES are based on the
following criteria:
 High frequency of accidents or near-misses
 History of serious accidents or fatalities
 Potential for serious harm
 New jobs
 Changes in procedures and standards
 Note: Even the most routine jobs can include
unrecognized hazards. By performing a thorough
JHA you may be able to discover a safer or
healthier way of performing the job.
 THREE-STAGE PROCESS :

A Identifying (Listing) basic job steps necessary

to perform the job from start to finish.

B Determining existing and potential hazards

associated with each job step.

C Recommending corrective measures to

eliminate, or control each hazard.

 Note: it is best to complete JHA forms one

column at a time.
 The most effective way for the JHA Team to
identify the basic job steps is to
watch carefully as an operator
performs the entire job at least once.

 Then, as the operator performs the job

again, the individual steps are noted in
the JHA form using simple action phrases
that are short and to the point.

 Job steps should be numbered to

indicate the order in which they are performed
 Two of the most common errors made
during this stage:

 Describing the job in too much detail, or,

 Describing the job in too little detail.

 The purpose of Job Hazard Analysis is to
identify hazards associated with a
job and to make recommendations to
eliminate or control these hazards.

 Describing job steps in terms of what they

are supposed to accomplish provides
maximum opportunity to explore alternative
ways of performing the job in a safer, healthier
manner.
Identifying Basic Job steps :

 As you leave for work today, you discover

that your car has a flat tire. The car is
parked on level ground, and the parking
brake is already set. The bumper jack
and the spare tire are both in good
condition and stored in the car’s trunk.
JOB STEPS :

 Remove a jack, spare tire, and the lug wrench from the trunk.

 Loosen lug nuts

 Raise jack

 Remove flat tire

 Install spare tire

 Lower jack

 Tighten lug nuts

 Place flat tire, jack and lug wrench in trunk.

 Simple technique to make sure that each step
is examined thoroughly is to consider four (4)
focus areas:
A The PHYSICAL ACTIONS required for that
specific step

B The MATERIALS used

C The EQUIPMENT used

D The CONDITIONS under which the step is

normally performed.
A PHYSICAL ACTIONS

 Many jobs require the operator to perform a specific

physical activity that, if done incorrectly can result in an
injury or illness.

 Example: lifting of heavy objects causing back injury or

muscle strain.

B MATERIALS

 Whenever hazardous chemicals or other dangerous or

hazardous substances are involved in a job step, there is
always the possibility of injury, illness, or environmental
harm.

 Carefully examine the job step for possibilities that

employees might be exposed to material; a fire or explosion
could occur; or if the material could be released into the
environment
C EQUIPMENT

 Examine the job step for ways employees might be caught

in, caught on, or caught by any part of the equipment, and
to see if any electrical or other energy source or hazards
are present that poses a risk.

D CONDITIONS

 Consider any environmental conditions that could threaten

an employee’s health and safety

 This could include

 Poor housekeeping
 Too much or too little light
 Hazardous noise levels
 Exposure to temperature extremes
 Adverse weather
 “What if” Questions

 In addition to identifying those potential

hazards when the job is performed in
the normal manner or under normal
working conditions, asking some “what
if” questions allows the team to
anticipate hazardous situations that
might occur if normal operating
conditions were suddenly changed or if
a job step were to be performed
incorrectly or out of sequence.
 Common problem encountered when asking
“What if” questions is deciding when to stop
considering possibilities

 Solutions:

 Keep the discussion focused only on possibilities

that the team considers most likely.

 Consult previous JHA and accident investigation

reports

 Talk with experienced operators

 Recommendations should be developed at the
job site whenever possible.

 Recommendations should be developed in

sequence, beginning with the first hazard.

 Recommendations must be specific.

 As many solutions as possible should be

listed.
 The same four factors used to identify hazards
can be used to develop an effective
recommendations for corrective measures:

A The physical actions required for that specific

step
B The materials used
C The equipment used
D The conditions under which the step is
normally performed
A PHYSICAL ACTIONS

 It may be possible to eliminate the risks by modifying,

rearranging or combining actions

 It is also good practice to list personal protective equipment

(PPE) that may be used to control the employee’s exposure
to hazards associated with a particular physical action –
even when recommendations for eliminating the hazard
have been proposed.

B MATERIALS

 It may be possible to substitute a less hazardous material. If

this is not possible, it may be necessary to recommend
ways to control the employee’s exposure to that material by
suggesting the use of PPE or the installation of protective
devise such as splash guards or shields.
C EQUIPMENT

 Recommendations for corrective measures may include

the installation of machine guards, automatic safeguard
devices, or perhaps even the replacement of a particular
piece of equipment.

 Recommending the use of PPE should also be considered.

D CONDITION

 Recommendations for corrective measures could include

such things as improved housekeeping procedures,
installation of additional lighting, ventilation, or noise
reduction systems, the use of PPE, or the relocation or
redesign of the work area.
 The information provided by a thorough
job hazard analysis can be used as the
basis for:

 Developing or updating standard

operating procedures
 Training employees
 Observing employee performance
 Conducting inspections
 Investigating accidents
 JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS is one of the
most effective tools available to help
supervisors protect the health and safety of
their employees.

 To perform an accurate and completed JHA,

you need to:

 Select the job to be analyzed; and

 Assemble a team of knowledgeable and
experienced personnel to conduct the JHA
 Then, the team as a whole needs to:

A Observe the job as it is performed to break it down

into basic steps

B Analyze each step to determine what, if any,

hazards could possibly occur, and

C Develop recommendations for eliminating or

controlling the hazards associated with each step.;
 Using a Pressurized
Water Fire Extinguisher
 FORMAT OF JOB
HAZARD ANALYSIS
Basic Job Steps Existing & Potential Recommended
Hazards Corrective measures
What to do ? How to do it ? Key Points
1. 1. 1.

2. 2. 2.
 OVERVIEW
 What does JHA  PRACTICE
mean? EXERCISE
 Establishing JHA  Determining Existing
Priorities and Potential Hazards
 Selecting a JHA  Recommending
Team Corrective Measures
 Performing a JHA  Using JHA
 Identifying Basic Job  Summary
Steps  WORK SHOP