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Lec 9

Membrane reactors can be used for thermodynamically limited reactions. They work by using a permeable membrane and sweep gas to remove reaction products and shift the equilibrium of the reaction. For a dehydrogenation reaction occurring in a membrane reactor, the mole balances and reaction rates are developed considering the generation and removal of species within the reactor and through the membrane. Multiple parallel reactions can also occur, and selectivity and yield are defined to characterize the desired versus undesired reactions.

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40 views

Lec 9

Membrane reactors can be used for thermodynamically limited reactions. They work by using a permeable membrane and sweep gas to remove reaction products and shift the equilibrium of the reaction. For a dehydrogenation reaction occurring in a membrane reactor, the mole balances and reaction rates are developed considering the generation and removal of species within the reactor and through the membrane. Multiple parallel reactions can also occur, and selectivity and yield are defined to characterize the desired versus undesired reactions.

Uploaded by

ZAHID HUSSAIN
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 9 Thursday 1/31/08

Membrane Reactors: Used for Thermodynamically


Limited Reactions

Balances in Terms of Molar Flow Rates

Block 1: Mole Balances


Balance Equation on Every Species
Block 2: Rate Laws
Relative Rates
Transport Laws
Block 3: Stoichiometry
Block 4: Combine

Multiple Reactions: Selectivety and Yield


Membrane Reactors
Dehydrogenation Reaction:
C3H8 ↔ H2 + C3H6 A↔B+C
exothermic endothermic
Thermodynamically Limited: XC XC
sweep
B
FA0 T T
A,B,C H2 H2
CBS
B

W = ρ bV A,C stay behind since they are


too big
ρb = (1-ϕ)ρC
1) Mole Balance: A: In – out + generation = 0
FA0 V  FA0 V  V  rA V  0

moles of B through sides  dFA


RB = A:
 rA
volume of reactor dV

B: In – out – out membrane + generation = 0


FB V  FB V  V  RB V  rB V  0

 dFB
 ( rB  RB )
B: dV
membrane surface area DL 4
WB  kC` (C B  C BS ) a
reactor volume
 2 
D
4
L D
RB  WB a  kC` a C B  C BS  RB  kC  C B  C BS 
 dFA
1)  rA Neglected most of the time
dV
dF
2) dVB  rB  RB
3) dFC  rC
dV
 
4) rA  k C A  CB CC 
 KC 
Relative rates:  rA  rB  rC
1 1 1
5) rA  rB , rA  rC
RB  k C C B
6)
FA
7) C A  CT 0 F (isothermal, isobaric)
T
FB
8) C B  CT 0
FT
F
9) CC  CT 0 FC
T

10) FT  FA  FB  FC
Parameters: CTO = 0.2, FA0= 5, k = 4, KC = 0.0004, kC = 8
Multiple Reactions

A  B 
kD
D rD  k D C A2 C B (Desired)
A  B 
kU
U rU  kU C AC B2 (Undesired)

Selectivity Yield
Instantaneous SD/U = rD/rU yD = rD/-rA

Overall ŜD/U = FD/FU ŷD = FD/(FA0-FA)

rD k D C A2 C B k D C A
S D /U   2

rU ku C AC B kU C B

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